Postanesthetic Pulmonary Edema In an Arab Stallion     

Thomas K. Day DVM  MS    Susan Holcombe VMD  William W. Muir II  DVM  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》1993,3(2):90-95

A six-year-old arabian stallion was admitted to The Ohio State University Veterinary Hospital for evaluation and repair of a comminuted fracture of the second phalanx. The horse developed impaired arterial oxygenation during surgey and pulmonary edema post-operatively. We postulate that impaired arterial oxygenation resulted from atelectasis of the dependent lung during annesthesia, and the pulmonary edema occurred following re-expansion of the atelectatic of the initiating cause of the edema, removal of excess lung water from the alveoli, and restoration of normal arterial oxygenation. The horse was fully recovered within 12 hours of initiation of clinical signs of respiratory compromise. The horse was fully recovered within 12 hours of initiation of clinical signs of respiratory compromise. This report describes re-expansion pulmonary edema due to reperfusion injury in a horse, treatment of the condition, and a possible explanation of the pathogenesis of this pulmonary pathology.  相似文献   

Effects of age and diet on glucose and insulin dynamics in the horse          下载免费PDF全文

J. L. Rapson  H. C. Schott II  B. D. Nielsen  L. J. McCutcheon  P. A. Harris  R. J. Geor 《Equine veterinary journal》2018,50(5):690-696

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Margaret Gray: Labor and the locavore: the making of a comprehensive food ethic     

Russell C. Hedberg II 《Agriculture and Human Values》2015,32(1):159-160

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The use of midday leaf water potential for scheduling deficit irrigation in vineyards   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. Girona  M. Mata  J. del Campo  A. Arbonés  E. Bartra  J. Marsal 《Irrigation Science》2006,24(2):115-127

Midday leaf water potential (Ψ_md) was monitored for 3 years at a commercial vineyard (cv. Pinot Noir) under four irrigation strategies. Three treatments were established based on irrigating vines with 4–6 mm/day, when daily measured Ψ_md was more negative than the pre-defined threshold. After the first experimental year, thresholds were adjusted for each treatment as: (1) Control (C), irrigated when Ψ_md was less than −0.6 MPa at the beginning of the season and gradually fell to −0.8 MPa at about mid-June, after which the threshold was maintained at −0.8 MPa until harvest. (2) Control–Deficit (CD), irrigated as C from bud-break to mid-June (around the middle of Stage II of fruit growth), and from then until harvest when Ψ_md decreased below −1.2 MPa. (3) Deficit–Deficit (DD), irrigated when Ψ_md was less than −1.0 from bud break to mid-May (about the middle of fruit growth Stage I), and after that time the Ψ_md threshold became −1.2 MPa until harvest. A fourth treatment was applied following a soil water budget approach (WB). All treatments were replicated five times but irrigation in the Ψ_md-based treatments were independently applied to each of the replicate plots, whereas irrigation for WB was applied equally to all replications. The more site-specific information obtained from Ψ_md thresholds in C provided substantial advantages for yield homogeneity and repeatability of results with respect to WB, thus demonstrating the method’s greater ability to account for spatial variability. Average applied water for the 3 years in C, CD, and DD was 374, 250, and 178 mm, respectively, while the yields were 11.8, 9.2, and 6.1 kg/vine, respectively. The CD treatment produced better juice quality than C, and was superior in other quality parameters to both C and DD. However, over the study period, an important carryover effect was observed in the yields and the grape size of CD, which tended to diminish from year to year relative to C.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the RZWQM-CERES-Maize hybrid model for maize production     

L. Ma  G. Hoogenboom  L.R. Ahuja  J.C. Ascough II  S.A. Saseendran 《Agricultural Systems》2006

The root zone water quality model (RZWQM) was developed primarily for water quality research with a generic plant growth module primarily serving as a sink for plant nitrogen and water uptake. In this study, we coupled the CERES-Maize Version 3.5 crop growth model with RZWQM to provide RZWQM users with the option for selecting a more comprehensive plant growth model. In the hybrid model, RZWQM supplied CERES with daily soil water and nitrogen contents, soil temperature, and potential evapotranspiration, in addition to daily weather data. CERES-Maize supplied RZWQM with daily water and nitrogen uptake, and other plant growth variables (e.g., root distribution and leaf area index). The RZWQM-CERES hybrid model was evaluated with two well-documented experimental datasets distributed with DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer) Version 3.5, which had various nitrogen and irrigation treatments. Simulation results were compared to the original DSSAT-CERES-Maize model. Both models used the same plant cultivar coefficients and the same soil parameters as distributed with DSSAT Version 3.5. The hybrid model provided similar maize prediction in terms of yield, biomass and leaf area index, as the DSSAT-CERES model when the same soil and crop parameters were used. No overall differences were found between the two models based on the paired t test, suggesting successful coupling of the two models. The hybrid model offers RZWQM users access to a rigorous new plant growth model and provides CERES-Maize users with a tool to address soil and water quality issues under different cropping systems.  相似文献   

Drug residues in food animals. III. Plasma and tissue kinetics of potassium penicillin G in young cross-bred swine     

H. DWIGHT MERCER  RICHARD H. TESKE  PATRICIA E. LONG  DAVID II. SIIOWALTER  HENRY H. BRYANT 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1978,1(4):253-266

Twenty-two young cross-bred swine were treated either intravenously or orally with potassium penicillin G. The pharmacokinetics of penicillin G were determined in plasma and tissues. The plasma half-life of penicillin G in swine was found to be 19.45±1.69 min, and the distribution and elimination kinetics were found to fit a classical two-compartment model. The volume of distribution was found to be 0.53±0.12 1/kg, and the body clearance was found to be 19.06±5.06 ml/min/kg which exceeded the effective renal plasma flow of 16.50±2.73 ml/min/kg, suggesting that the drug was eliminated both by tubular excretion and glomerular filtration. The elimination rate constants (Beta) for the major organs were as follows: muscle, 0.00343 min^-1; lung, 0.0310 min^-1; fat, 0.0394 min^-1; and kidney, 0.0213 min^-1, which compared favorably with the elimination rate constant found in plasma (0.0320 min^-1). These values were found to be significantly similar at the level of P < 0.005 in muscle, spleen and fat, and at a level of P < 0.025 in lung tissue. The data indicates that blood plasma would be a satisfactory body fluid for estimating this drug in tissue.  相似文献   

Branch removal and defruiting for the amelioration of water stress effects on fruit growth during Stage III of peach fruit development     

J. Marsal  G. LopezM. Mata  J. Girona 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006

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Lowered Antioxidant Status of Red Blood Cells in Post-Parturient Haemoglobinuria of Buffaloes     

Chugh  S.K.  Bhardwaj  R.M.  Mata  M.M. 《Veterinary research communications》1998,22(6):385-388

The antioxidant status of the red blood cells of buffaloes (n = 20) suffering from post-parturient haemoglobinuria (PPH) was assessed by comparing their tocopherol (vitamin E) and reduced glutathione contents with those of red blood cells from apparently healthy buffaloes (n = 20). The red cell tocopherol content of the diseased buffaloes (1.76±0.11 g/ml) was significantly (p<0.01) lower than that of healthy buffaloes (2.45±0.14 g/ml). This may be the first report comparing the concentration of tocopherol in the red blood cells of buffaloes suffering from PPH and apparently healthy buffaloes.There was a drastic reduction in the reduced glutathione content in the red cells of haemoglobinuric buffaloes (23.74±2.86 mg%) compared to the healthy control buffaloes (73.71±3.87 mg%). The diseased buffaloes also exhibited severe hypophosphataemia. These findings suggest that an impaired or insufficient antioxidant potential of the red blood cells in this disease in buffaloes is associated with the phosphorus deficiency.  相似文献   

Genetic divergence among gerbera accessions evaluated by RAPD     

Thiago Luiz Da Mata  Monique Inês SegerenAline Segeren Fonseca  Carlos Augusto Colombo 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Genetic diversity was evaluated by RAPD markers and morpho-agronomic characters for a total of 42 accessions of Barberton daisy (Gerbera jamesonii) consisting of 29 commercial and 13 wild accessions. A total of 74 polymorphic bands were obtained employing a set of 12 primer pairs. The average genetic similarity coefficient for the 42 accessions, evaluated by Jaccard index was 0.55 ranging from 0.28 to 1.00. The genetic structure found among Barberton daisy accessions was evaluated by hierarchic classification analyses and UPGMA modeling, revealing six clusters of genotypes where two of them include the wild accessions and the remaining four including commercial material, except for wild genotype number 9. Shannon (H′) index was calculated using the molecular markers to investigate the genetic variation among the Gerbera accessions and showed higher values for the commercial cluster in comparison to the values obtained for the individuals from the non-commercial cluster, namely 0.34 versus 0.27, respectively. Therefore, both calculated indices (Jaccard and Shannon) indicated the presence of higher genetic variation among commercial accessions in comparison to the cluster representing non-commercial accessions, suggesting that genetic breeding programs may focus on commercial accessions to recombine interesting genotypes with commercially important and marketing-desired characteristics.  相似文献   

The Value of a Net‐Cage as a Fish Aggregating Device in Southern California     

Christopher T. Oakes  Daniel J. Pondella II 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2009,40(1):1-21

There is an urgent need for primary data that can be used to quantify the value of marine aquaculture facilities that also describe influences on the surrounding natural ecosystem and its wild fish communities. Divers completed 360 transect replicates below a net‐cage and at nearby and distant rocky reefs off Catalina Island, California, estimating the species abundance and size class of all conspicuous fishes in the water column. We observed 10,234 fishes aggregating below the net‐cage with a mean annual density of 142 (SE ± 30) per 100 m² and diversity H′ 2.29. At the adjacent reference reef, we counted 8452 fishes with a mean annual density of 117 (SE ± 20) and H′ 1.45 and at Reference Reef 2, located 500 m away, there were 8958 fishes with a density of 124 (SE ± 20) and H′ 1.13. The total density of fishes was the same between the study sites (ANOVA; P = 0.24); however, the spatial density of fishes in the water column was different between the net‐cage and reference reefs. Additionally, the density of juvenile fish was significantly lower at the net‐cage (ANOVA; P = 0.02), while the density of subadult and adult fishes was higher (ANOVA; P = 0.03). Feeding guild analysis ranked the net‐cage highest (3507), while Reference Reef 1 (2149), and Reference Reef 2 (2241), had lower values, a relationship often found between artificial and natural reefs. This suggests the importance of available trophic resources to the adult population of wild fishes, and has implications in the artificial reef attraction–production debate. The results of this study not only reproduce a pattern of fish attraction to net‐cages in the marine environment reported in previous studies but also demonstrate a relative habitat value compared in both time and space, of the fish community at a net‐cage compared with vibrant kelp bed communities.  相似文献