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Yukino TAMAMURA-ANDOH Nobuyuki TANAKA Keisuke SATO Yoshino MIZUNO Nobuo ARAI Ayako WATANABE-YANAI Masato AKIBA Masahiro KUSUMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):754
We examined the antimicrobial susceptibility of 848 Escherichia coli isolates from 237 feces samples of wild sika deer (Cervus nippon) captured between 2016 and 2019 in 39 of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Five of the 237 wild sika deer (2.1%) carried E. coli with resistance to at least one antimicrobial, and all the resistant isolates showed resistance to tetracycline. The resistant isolates contained antimicrobial resistance genes that were similar to those in E. coli derived from humans and farm animals. Although wild sika deer are not currently likely to be a source for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance in Japan, they can potentially mediate antimicrobial resistance spread by coming into contact with humans, animals, and their surroundings. 相似文献
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Peixin YANG Mohamed S. MEDAN Koji Y. ARAI Wanzhu JIN Gen WATANABE Kazuyoshi TAYA 《Animal Science Journal》2005,76(5):427-434
The ontogeny of testicular inhibin/activin in ducks was investigated. Testicular localization of three inhibin/activin subunits (α, βA and βB) was determined in embryonic and newly hatched ducks from 12 days of incubation to 1 day of age, in immature ducks and in adult ducks. In the duck embryonic testis, positive α‐subunit immunostaining was first detected in the Leydig cells and Sertoli cells on day 15 of incubation, whereas βA‐subunit and βB‐subunit immunostaining were found in Sertoli cells and primary germ cells on day 18 of incubation. In 1 month old ducks, intense staining of α‐subunit was present in the seminiferous epithelium consistent with localization in Sertoli cells and primary germ cells, and the immunostaining of the βA‐ and βB‐subunit was also present in Sertoli cells and primary germ cells. Specific immunostaining with inhibin/activin α‐, βA‐ and βB‐subunits antisera occurred in Sertoli cells in the adult duck testes. In conclusion, it was shown that, in the duck testis, the majority of α‐, βA‐ and βB‐subunits are colocalized in Sertoli cells with a certain degree of staining in germ cells and the α‐subunit is present in Leydig cells of embryonic testes before day 18 of incubation. These results indicate that Sertoli cells and possibly germ cells in the embryonic testes of late stage of incubation and newly hatched ducks, immature ducks and mature ducks may produce bioactive inhibin dimers, inhibin A and inhibin B, as a possible regulator of follicle‐stimulating hormone secretion. Free inhibin/activin subunits and their dimers may also play an autocrine/paracrine role in the development of the testis and spermatogenesis. Furthermore, early onset of the α‐subunit in duck testes indicates that it may have an autocrine/paracrine effect on steroid hormones, which is important for sex differentiation. 相似文献
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Kenji UCHIDA Masahiro HIRATA Hidemasa MOTOSHIMA Tadasu URASHIMA Ikichi ARAI 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(6):650-658
The traditional fermented dairy products were collected from three nomadic families in Donto‐Govi prefecture in Mongolia (central Mongolia), and those microbiota were analyzed. These samples consist three of ‘airag’, two of ‘tarag’, two of ‘isgelen tarag’ and ‘qoormog’, and some cheeses. In airag, Lactobacillus (L.) helveticus, L. kefiri, and Saccharomyces (S.) dairensis were common, and L. paracasei, L. plantarum, L. farciminis, S. cerevisiae, Issachenkia (I.) orientalis, Kluyveromyces (K.) wickerhamii were also found. In tarag, isgelen tarag and qoormog, L. helveticus, L. kefiri, L. fermentum, L. paracasei and L. acetotolerance were found. L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus was also found in one tarag and one qoormog samples. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis showed that there were diversity in each L. helveticus family and products, and there were common strains found in airag and tarag in the same family. 相似文献
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Chie FUJISAWA Noriko INADA Rika MOCHIZUKI Katsuhiko ARAI Kohkichi UEHARA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(3):223-229
Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 (MMP‐2 and ‐9) are zinc‐dependent metalloenzymes and have gelatin‐degrading activity. Both MMP are known to be secreted by many types of cells and play important roles in several biological changes including tissue remodeling and wound healing. In the present study, a primary culture of murine epidermal keratinocytes was prepared and effects of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) on expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 by the keratinocytes was examined. Gelatin zymography revealed that murine epidermal keratinocytes secreted proenzyme forms of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, but the active forms of both MMP were hardly detectable, indicating that in vitro autoactivation of these proenzymes did not occur. Both TGF‐β and TNF‐α stimulated MMP‐9 production in a dose‐dependent manner, but the MMP‐2 level was not changed. Interferon‐γ hardly affected production of MMP‐2 or MMP‐9. Ribonuclease protection assay demonstrated that TNF‐α increased the level of MMP‐9 mRNA 6‐fold compared to the control, whereas TGF‐β slightly up‐regulated it. These results suggest that expression of MMP‐9 could be regulated by several cytokines in murine epidermal keratinocytes. 相似文献
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Kazuhiko ARAHARA Takashi MATSUMOTO Fumiki MORIMATSU Katsuhiko ARAI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(11):1503-1506
In this study, the effect of fibronectin on the neurite outgrowth from embryoid
bodies (EBs) in neurodifferentiated embryonal carcinoma P19 cells was examined. The
neurite outgrowth on fibronectin was maintained for a longer time in comparison with those
on collagen or laminin. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that mRNA level corresponding to
sonic hedgehog (Shh) in neurodifferentiated P19 cells was upregulated on fibronectin,
whereas collagen or laminin did not affect. Further knockdown of integrin αv subunit in
P19 cells demonstrated that expression of Shh was mediated through interaction between
fibronectin and integrin. Additionally, exogenous Shh agonist accelerated neurite
outgrowth from embryonic stem cell-derived EBs without large change of neuronal phenotype
expression. Taken together, fibronectin could maintain neurite outgrowth via increased Shh
expression. 相似文献
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Kazumi KISHIDA Mitsuhiro SAKASE Kenta MINAMI Miyuki M. ARAI Reiko SYOJI Namiko KOHAMA Takayuki AKIYAMA Akio OKA Hiroshi HARAYAMA Moriyuki FUKUSHIMA 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2015,61(6):519-524
The purposes of this study were to examine the relationship between male artificial insemination (AI)
fertility and sperm acrosomal conditions assessed by new and conventional staining techniques and to identify
possible reproductive dysfunctions causing low conception rates in AI using frozen-thawed spermatozoa with
poor acrosomal conditions in Japanese Black bulls. We investigated individual differences among bulls in the
results concerning (1) acrosomal conditions of frozen-thawed spermatozoa as assessed by not merely peanut
agglutinin-lectin staining (a conventional staining technique) but also immunostaining of acrosomal
tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins (a new staining technique), (2) routine AI using frozen-thawed spermatozoa as
assessed by pregnancy diagnosis, (3) in vivo fertilization of frozen-thawed spermatozoa and
early development of fertilized eggs as assessed by superovulation/AI-embryo collection tests and (4)
in vitro fertilization of frozen-thawed spermatozoa with oocytes. The percentages of
frozen-thawed spermatozoa with normal acrosomal conditions assessed by the abovementioned staining techniques
were significantly correlated with the conception rates of routine AI, rates of transferable embryos in
superovulation/AI-embryo collection tests and in vitro fertilization rates. These results are
consistent with new suggestions that the distribution of acrosomal tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins as well as
the acrosomal morphology of frozen-thawed spermatozoa are AI fertility-associated markers that are valid for
the prediction of AI results and that low conception rates in AI using frozen-thawed spermatozoa with poor
acrosomal conditions result from reproductive dysfunctions in the processes between sperm insemination into
females and early embryo development, probably failed fertilization of frozen-thawed spermatozoa with
oocytes. 相似文献
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