Soil quality assessments in integrated crop–livestock–forest systems: A review     

Gustavo Pereira Valani  Aline Fachin Martíni  Laura Fernanda Simes da Silva  Renata Cristina Bovi  Miguel Cooper 《Soil Use and Management》2021,37(1):22-36

Integrated crop–livestock–forest is a promising strategy to improve soil quality. It comprises four different integrated farming systems: crop–livestock, crop–forest, forest–livestock and crop–livestock–forest. This work systematically reviewed studies about integrated crop–livestock–forest systems and soil quality. A total of 92 papers were retrieved from the Web of Science—Clarivate Analytics platform, and the following information was analysed: publication year, institution, region of the studied site, type of integrated system, soil type, tillage system, maximum soil depth and the soil quality indicators assessed. Most studies were published in the second half of the 2010s. Brazil is a prominent focus of research about soil quality and integrated crop–livestock–forest systems, with significant contribution from its central and southern regions. The Embrapa was the main publishing institution, present in over one‐third of the studies. Crop–livestock was the most common integrated system, Ferralsols was the most common soil group, and most of the studied soils were clayey. No tillage was the main tillage system. Most studies focused on the topsoil, assessing physical and/or chemical soil quality indicators. More emphasis on biological indicators of soil quality is required, as well as assessments integrating biological, physical and chemical indicators of soil quality. Future works should compare different integrated systems, including assessments deeper in the soil profile, especially in systems with the forest component, and also in sandy and silty soils. Soil quality indicators that have been rarely used should be further tested. Novel indicators should be added to better understand the promotion of soil quality by integrated crop–livestock–forest systems.  相似文献   

乡镇防检改革探索     

皮广禄  陈仲友 《中国动物检疫》2001,18(12):21-21

根据《动物防疫法》的有关规定，我县于２００１年４月起全县动物防检实行改革：一改“年终按户统筹防疫费”为“边打防疫针边收费”和“先打防疫针后在流通环节收费相结合”的办法；二改“给生猪卡耳号作防疫标志”为“免疫耳标（耳缺）和动物免疫证双重标志，做到一猪一证，证随猪走”；三改“防疫不影响检疫而检疫又不管防疫”为“生猪及其产品一律凭免疫证上市检疫、交易，对无有效免疫证者由检疫员加倍补收防疫费，从而达到以检促防的目的”。为了保证此次改革的成功，我们探索了一些新办法，采取了一些新措施，经过４个月的实践取得了…  相似文献   

茄子新品种湘杂早红的选育     

杨建国  姚元干  皮向红 《中国蔬菜》2005,(10):63-64

以南县紫圆茄的自交系92147为母本，陕西汉中紫茄的自交系96267为父本配制成一代杂种湘杂早红。从定植到始收约35d（天），果实紫红色，卵圆形，果肉白色，肉质细嫩，单果质量250g左右。对青枯病和绵疫病的抗性比湘早茄强。每667m^2产量3000—4500kg，适合春栽。  相似文献   

Stem cell factor supports migration in canine mesenchymal stem cells     

Nathaly Enciso  Luciana L. K. Ostronoff  Guillermo Mejías  Leticia G. León  María Luisa Fermín  Elena Merino  Cristina Fragio  Luis Avedillo  Concepción Tejero 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(1):29-38

Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) are cells that can be defined as multipotent cells able to differentiate into diverse lineages, under appropriate conditions. These cells have been widely used in regenerative medicine, both in preclinical and clinical settings. Initially discovered in bone marrow, MSC can now be isolated from a wide spectrum of adult and foetal tissues. Studies to evaluate the therapeutic potential of these cells are based on their ability to arrive to damaged tissues. In this paper we have done a comparative study analyzing proliferation, surface markers and OCT4, SOX9, RUNX2, PPARG genes expression in MSC cells from Bone marrow (BMMSC) and Adipose tissue (ASC). We also analyzed the role of Stem Cell Factor (SCF) on MSC proliferation and on ASCs metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9 secretion. Healthy dogs were used as BMMSC donors, and ASC were collected from omentum during elective ovariohysterectomy surgery. Both cell types were cultured in IMDM medium with or without SCF, 10% Dog Serum (DS), and incubated at 38 °C with 5% CO2. Growth of BMMSCs and ASCs was exponential until 25–30 days. Flow citometry of MSCs revealed positive results for CD90 and negative for CD34, CD45 and MCH-II. Genes were evaluated by RT-PCR and metalloproteinases by zymografy. Our findings indicate morphological and immunological similarities as well as expression of genes from both origins on analyzed cells. Furthermore, SCF did not affect proliferation of MSCs, however it up-regulated MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion in ASCs. These results suggest that metalloproteinases are possibly essential molecules pivoting migration.  相似文献   

Risk factors associated with feline urolithiasis     

Veridiane da Rosa Gomes  Paula Costa Ariza  Naida Cristina Borges  Francisco Jorge SchulzJr.  Maria Clorinda Soares Fioravanti 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(1):87-94

Urinary tract diseases are among the main reasons for consultation in veterinary clinics and hospitals. It affects animals of any age, breed and gender. Among the diseases that affect this system, urolithiasis is the second largest cause of clinical signs compatible with feline urinary tract disease. The term urolithiasis refers to the presence of uroliths in any region of the urinary tract, but it is more commonly seen in the bladder and urethra. Uroliths are classified based on the type of mineral present in their composition, therefore, quantitative and qualitative analyzes are important for a better therapeutic approach. The animals may suffer from the disease and be asymptomatic, or show nonspecific clinical signs, making the diagnosis difficult. The disease should not be seen as a single problem, but as a consequence of various disorders. As dietary, metabolic, genetic and infectious causes, as well as factors that potentiate the chance of development of uroliths such as breed, age, sex, age range, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, geographic region and climate. Thus, the knowledge of the factors that influence the formation of uroliths, as well as the understanding of the pathophysiology, are key elements for better alternatives of therapy and prevention. The recognition of these factors helps to identify susceptible populations, minimizing exposure and increasing the protection factors, which facilitates the diagnosis and treatment of patients with urolithiasis. The objective of this paper is to present the main risk factors involved in the formation of urinary lithiasis in felines.  相似文献   

Effects of quebracho tannin extract on intake,digestibility, rumen fermentation,and methane production in crossbred heifers fed low-quality tropical grass     

A. T. Piñeiro-Vázquez  G. Jiménez-Ferrer  J. A. Alayon-Gamboa  A. J. Chay-Canul  A. J. Ayala-Burgos  C. F. Aguilar-Pérez  J. C. Ku-Vera 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(1):29-36

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of quebracho tannins extract (QTE) on feed intake, dry matter (DM) digestibility, and methane (CH₄) emissions in cattle fed low-quality Pennisetum purpureum grass. Five heifers (Bos taurus × Bos indicus) with an average live weight (LW) of 295 ± 19 kg were allotted to five treatments (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4% QTE/kg DM) in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Intake, digestibility, and total methane emissions (L/day) were recorded for periods of 23 h when cattle were housed in open-circuit respiration chambers. Dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), and organic matter digestibility (OMD) were different between treatments with 0 and 4% of QTE/kg DM (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acid and the molar proportion of acetate in the rumen was not affected (P < 0.05); however, the molar proportion of propionate increased linearly (P < 0.01) for treatments with 3 and 4% QTE. Total CH₄ production decreased linearly (P < 0.01) as QTE increased in the diet, particularly with 3 and 4% concentration. When expressed as DMI and OMI by CH₄, production (L/kg) was different between treatments with 0 vs 3 and 4% QTE (P < 0.05). It is concluded that the addition of QTE at 2 or 3% of dry matter ration can decrease methane production up to 29 and 41%, respectively, without significantly compromising feed intake and nutrients digestibility.  相似文献   

Network on veterinary medicines initiated by the European Federation For Pharmaceutical Sciences          下载免费PDF全文

L. Dencker  R. T. Cristina  H. Linden  I. Schmerold 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(3):378-383

The European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences (EUFEPS) was founded 25 years ago by more than 20 national pharmaceutical societies and faculty members. As a pan‐European organization, it brings together pharmaceutical societies as well as academic, industrial and regulatory scientists engaged in drug research and development, drug regulation and education of professionals working in these fields. EUFEPS represents pharmaceutical sciences in Europe and is recognized as such by both the European Commission and the European Medicines Agency. EUFEPS cooperates with the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and other European organizations and maintains global connections with agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration and the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. EUFEPS has established specified networks forming the basis of its activities. The creation of a Network on Veterinary Medicines is prompted by the manifold problems resulting from the use of veterinary drugs and its inherent interconnections with human medicine, environmental and public health. A long‐term goal of this initiative was to expand the spectrum of available therapeutics for use in animals, including the development of innovative delivery systems.  相似文献   

Salinity of nutrient solution influences the shelf-life of fresh-cut lettuce grown in floating system     

Domenica Scuderi  Cristina Restuccia  Marco Chisari  Riccardo N. Barbagallo  Cinzia Caggia  Francesco Giuffrida 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,59(2):132-137

Quality, microbiological and enzymatic characteristics of fresh-cut lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. longifolia, ‘Duende’), grown in floating system with three electrical conductivities of nutrient solutions (2.8, 3.8 and 4.8 mS cm^?1), were investigated in order to evaluate the effect of salinity on product shelf-life during cold storage (9 d at 4 °C). Pre-harvest salinity of 3.8 and 4.8 mS cm^?1 improved the properties of fresh-cut lettuce, since CO₂ production was reduced with a subsequent control of the decay process. Fresh-cut processing caused an activation of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase; in all cases the product obtained by salinity treatments was less subject to oxidase activity and browning phenomena during storage. Increased salinity reduced the number of mesophilic bacteria and of moulds and yeasts, assessed by plate counts on different culture media; in contrast, Enterobacteriaceae levels were unaffected by pre-harvest treatments. The research demonstrated that an increase in nutrient solution electrical conductivity, through the use of floating system, affects fresh-cut lettuce characteristics, improving shelf-life of the product.  相似文献   

利用SCoT对甜菜种质资源的鉴定及遗传多样性分析     

朱尚明  吴则东  兴旺  邳植 《中国农学通报》2020,36(18):119-123

为了研究SCoT分子标记技术对甜菜种质资源鉴定的可行性。利用80条SCoT引物对48份甜菜种质资源进行鉴别,同时对种质资源进行了遗传多样性分析和亲缘关系的鉴定。结果表明,80条SCoT引物中有6条能够扩增出清晰、且多态性高的条带,分别为SCoT1、SCoT12、SCoT13、SCoT14、SCoT17和SCoT23,其中引物SCoT1、SCoT12、SCoT14和SCoT23单独使用均可鉴别全部的48份种质资源,引物SCoT13和SCoT17共同使用可以鉴别48个种质资源;聚类分析结果表明,在遗传距离0.15处,95.8%的种质资源均聚为一类,从分子角度上表明甜菜种质资源遗传距离较小。本研究为利用SCoT分子标记技术鉴别甜菜种质资源、对种质资源进行亲缘关系鉴定、杂交组合亲本选配以及分子标记辅助育种等提供相关科学依据。  相似文献   

Replacing Wheat Flour with Debittered and Fermented Lupin: Effects on Bread’s Physical and Nutritional Features     

Villacrés  Elena  Cueva  Paúl  Díaz  Milene  Rosell  Cristina M. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(4):569-575

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - In this study the breadmaking potential of lupin flour from L. mutabilis after being debittered (DLF) and solid state fermented (FLF) was evaluated in lupin-wheat...  相似文献