Pathologic consequences of a severe influenza outbreak (swine virus A/H1N1) under natural conditions in the non-immune sow at the beginning of pregnancy     

F Madec  C Kaiser  J M Gourreau  F Martinat-Botte 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1989,12(1-2):17-27

Pathological consequences of a severe outbreak of swine influenza (H1N1 virus) in the non immune sow at the beginning of pregnancy, under natural conditions. A sudden acute outbreak of fever, depression, anorexia and coughing in a group of nulliparous sows from a herd that was currently under epidemiological investigation lead to build a particular disposal of observation. The clinical signs were daily recorded including rectal temperature. Blood was taken from the sows at the beginning of the troubles and 3 weeks later for the detection of Aujesky's disease, coronavirus TGE-like, Influenza viruses A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Viral detection was attempted from nasal swabs and aborted fetuses during the acute phase. The clinical study showed fever reaching near 41 degrees C on most of the pigs and lasting usually from 2 to 5 days. The diagnosis of Influenza (virus swine H1N1) was established both on serology (massive seroconversion) and on the detection of the virus from the nasal swabs and from an aborted fetus. The control of the lungs of sows "not in pig" and culled showed extended lesions of bronchopneumonia and Pasteurella multocida was found. The technical consequences of this severe outbreak of Influenza on reproduction were mainly important at the beginning of pregnancy. Over 13 sows inseminated less than 1 week before the outbreak, only 3 farrowed (respectively 5.5 and 12 piglets); 7 returned to oestrus and 3 "not a pig" at 21 days (echotomography) did not show signs of heat and were culled. Over 8 pregnant sows (1 month of pregnancy), 6 farrowed normal litters and total embryonic resorption occurred in 2 sows. Over 18 pregnant sows (more than 45 days gestation) one aborted.  相似文献   

Methods for evaluating genotype-environment interactions illustrated by laying hens     

Mathur PK  Horst P 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》1994,111(1-6):265-288

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Relationship between ticks and zebu cattle in southern Uganda     

M. N. Kaiser  R. W. Sutherst  A. S. Bourne 《Tropical animal health and production》1982,14(2):63-74

Summary Tick populations were observed on zebu(Bos indicus) cattle over a period of 2 years at Entebbe, Uganda where the climate was thought to be highly favourable for the free-living stages of ticks. Collections of all instars of ticks were made from the body surfaces of the cattle at intervals of between 1 and 5 weeks. The species recorded in order of decreasing abundance wereRhipicephalus appendiculatus, Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus simus, Rhipicephalus compositus andHyalomma marginatum rufipes. The rankings of the cattle based on burdens of any particular species of tick were always correlated with their rankings for other species; animals that carried more adult stages of a species also carried more of its immature stages. There were more adult males than females ofR. appendiculatus, A. variegatum andR. e. evertsi even when the cattle had had all ticks removed 1 week previously; several possible mechanisms are suggested to explain the biased sex ratio. It is concluded that there is promise for improvement in control of 3-host ticks by increasing the resistance of herds of zebu cattle by culling or selective breeding.

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Relacion Entre Garrapatas Y Ganado Cebu En El Sur De Uganda

Resumen Se observaron las poblaciones de garrapatas en ganado cebú (Bos indicus) en Entebe, Uganda, donde el clima parecía favorecer a los estados libres de las garrapatas. Las observaciones duraron dos años. Las colecciones de los estadios larvales se realizaron con intervalos de 1 a 5 semanas. Las especies identificadas en orden numérico decreciente fueronRhipicephalus appendiculatus, Amblyommavariegatum, Boophilus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus simus, Rhipicephalus compositu andHyalomma marginatum rufipes. Los rangos del ganado basados en la carga de garrapatas de una especie en particular, tuvieron correlación en rangos para otras especies en los animales que tuvieron una carga mayor de etapas maduras de una especie se observaron tambie más ejemplos de las etapas no maduras. Hubo más machos adultos que (hembras deR. appendiculatus, A. variegatum yR. e. evertsi aun cuando todas las garrapatas del ganado habían sido removidas 1 semana previamente; se sugieren varios mecanismos para explicar este fenómeno. Se concluye que existe una posibilidad para controlar garrapatas de 3 huéspedes, incrementando la resistencia de ganado cebú mediante selección y cruzamiento de animales resistentes.

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Relation Entre Les Tiques Et Les Zebus Dans Le Sud-Est De L'Ouganda

Résumé Des populations de tiques ont été observées sur des zébus (Bos indicus) pendant 2 ans à Entebbe, en Ouganda où le climat est connu pour être très favorable aux stades libres des tiques. Des collections de tous les stades de tiques présentes sur le corps des animaux ont été faites à des intervalles allant de 1 à 5 semaines. Les espèces suivantes ont été recueillies dans l'ordre d'abondance décroissante:Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, Amblyomma variegatum, Boophilus decoloratus, Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, Rhipicephalus simus, Rhipicephalus compositus etHyalomma marginatum rufipes. Le classement du bétail basé sur la charge en une espèce de tique a toujours été en corrélation avec la charge dans les autres espèces de tiques. Les animaux porteurs du plus grand nombre d'adultes d'une espèce étaient également porteurs du plus grand nombre de stades préimaginaux. Il y avait beaucoup plus de mâles que de femelles deR. appendiculatus, A. variegatum etR. e. evertsi même lorsqu'on avait prélevé toutes les tiques sur le bétail une semaine auparavant. Plusieurs mécanismes possibles sont suggérés pour expliquer le déséquilibre dans le pourcentage des sexes. La conclusion porte sur les promesses d'amélioration de la lutte contre les tiques trixènes par l'accroissement de la résistance des troupeaux de zébus par élevage sélectif.

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Zusammenfassende Auswertung von Versuchen zur biologischen Wirksamkeit von Pflanzenschutzmitteln im Apfelanbau bei grobtropfiger Applikation     

Reinhard Frießleben  Arno Fried  Eckart Lange  Klaus Schmidt  Hans-Georg Funke  Heribert Koch  Horst Knewitz  Gerhard Palm  Reinhold Stadler  Robert Heinkel 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2003,55(3):77-84

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Effects of cover crop growth and decomposition on the distribution of aggregate size fractions and soil microbial carbon dynamics          下载免费PDF全文

D. Linsler  M. Kaiser  R. Andruschkewitsch  C. Piegholdt  B. Ludwig 《Soil Use and Management》2016,32(2):192-199

Although the effects of cover crops (CC) on various soil parameters have been fully investigated, less is known about the impacts at different stages in CC cultivation. The objective of this study was to quantify the influence of CC cultivation stages and residue placement on aggregates and microbial carbon (C_mic). Additionally, the influence of residue location and crop species on CO₂ emissions and leached mineralized nitrogen (N_min) during the plant degradation period was also investigated. Within an incubation experiment, four CC species were sown in soil columns, with additional columns being kept plant‐free. After plant growth, the columns were frozen (as occurs in winter under field conditions) and then incubated with the plant material either incorporated or surface‐applied. With CC, concentrations of large and medium macroaggregates were twice that of the fallow, confirming positive effects of root growth. Freezing led to a decrease in these aggregate size classes. In the subsequent incubation, the large macroaggregates decreased far more in the samples with CC than in the fallow, leading to similar aggregate size distributions. No difference in C_mic concentration was found among the CC cultivation stages. CO₂ emissions were roughly equivalent to the carbon amounts added as plant residues. Comparison of columns with incorporated or surface‐applied residues indicated no consistent pattern of aggregate distribution, CO₂ emission or C_mic and N_min concentrations. Our results suggest that positive effects of CC cultivation are only short term and that a large amount of organic material in the soil could have a greater influence than CC cultivation.  相似文献   

Origin and distribution of facial nerve anatomy in van cats     

İsmail Hakkı Nur  William Pérez  Horst Erich König 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(3):658-667

This study aims to reveal the morphological properties of facial nerve and the middle ear in Van cats. Study material was composed of 6 female Van cats. Dissections were performed under a Zoom Stereo Microscope. There was no plexus buccalis in Van cats. The chorda tympani was observed to pass through an opening in the tympanic cavity, emerge through a small opening just behind the retroarticular process, and join the lingual nerve. A rounded anatomical formation with a size of 2.75 ± 0.3 mm was found to be located within the mastoid process of the temporal bone between the facial nerve and the auricular branch of the vagus nerve. The stapes nerve was not present. The geniculate ganglion was very prominent and about 1.00 mm high. The deep petrosal nerve was observed to emerge from the plexus tympanicus. The bulla tympanica was 18.96 ± 0.10 mm long, 13.03 ± 0.20 mm wide and 13.16 ± 0.20 mm high. After leaving the mandibular nerve, the n.tensoris tympani coursed caudally around the a.maxillaris, formed an ansa, entered the tympanic cavity through the canalis musculotubarius and reached an end in the m. tensor tympani. Due to the scarcity of studies on the middle ears of Van cats, it is thought that this study will fill a gap in the field of veterinary anatomy.  相似文献   

Biodefense. Proposed biosecurity review plan endorses self-regulation     

Kaiser J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5824):529

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Adenocarcinoma metastasis of the intertransversarius cervicis muscle eliciting a right forelimb lameness in a dog     

Forterre F  Kaiser S  Matiasek K  Brunnberg L 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2007,54(5):250-253

This article describes identification of a metastatic adenocarcinoma to the intertransversarius cervicis muscle using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a dog that presented with chronic lameness of the right forelimb. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right sided, ovoid signal abnormality within the intertransversarius cervicis muscle lateral to the sixth cervical (C6) vertebra. The lesion was uniform, hyperintense on T2- and isointense on T1-weighted images to muscle and exhibited uniform contrast enhancement on T1-weighted images. The MRI findings were consistent with a neoplasia. Surgical excision was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was metastatic fibrous adenocarcinoma. The dog recovered rapidly but 6 months post-operatively he was killed because of lung metastases. Necropsy was declined and the primary tumour could not be identified.  相似文献   

Der Einfluß verschiedener N-Formen und N-Mengen auf Pflanzenertrag und Bodenreaktion in einem langjährigen Düngungsversuch: 1. Mitteilung: Einfluß auf den Pflanzenertrag     

Gerhard Kolbe  Horst Scharf 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(2):103-114

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Conservation biology. When is a coho salmon not a coho salmon?     

Kaiser J 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2001,294(5548):1806-1807

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