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Doru Morar Gheorghe Dărăbuş Mirela Imre Marius Stelian Ilie Kálmán Imre 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(2):200-204
This case study describes the first genetically confirmed and clinically manifested autochthonous Ehrlichia canis infection in a 9‐year‐old female mixed‐breed dog from Romania. Health screening of the dog included clinical examination, evaluation of stained peripheral blood smear and hematologic variables, as well as serologic testing and molecular analysis. Clinical signs included fever, apathy, dehydration, pale mucous membranes, and weakness. The microscopic examination of the blood smear and immunologic assays for Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and E canis antibodies, and for Dirofilaria immitis antigen yielded negative results. Hematologic abnormalities included moderate nonregenerative anemia, leucopenia with neutropenia, and moderate thrombocytopenia. The biochemical abnormalities identified were hypoalbuminemia, and mildly increased serum enzyme activities of AST and ALT. In addition, increased urea and creatinine levels associated with low urine specific gravity and proteinuria were also present. Nested PCR amplification of the partial E canis 16S rRNA gene demonstrated the presence of this rickettsial pathogen in the dog's blood, which subsequently was confirmed through sequencing based on the 100% homology with GenBank deposited E canis isolates. After specific treatment with doxycycline (10 mg/kg, orally, SID) for one month, the proteinuria, and hematologic and serum biochemical abnormalities with the exception of mild azotemia resolved. This report supports the geographical expansion of canine ehrlichiosis caused by E canis in nonendemic regions of Europe. 相似文献
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Robert F Vuataz G Pollien P Saucy F Alonso MI Bauwens I Blank I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(11):4628-4632
The formation of acrylamide was investigated in model systems based on asparagine and glucose under low moisture Maillard reaction conditions as a function of reaction temperature, time, physical state, water activity, and glass transition temperature. Equimolar amorphous glucose/asparagine systems with different water activities were prepared by freeze drying and were shown to quickly move to the rubbery state already at room temperature and a water activity of above 0.15. The acrylamide amounts were correlated with physical changes occurring during the reaction. Pyrolysis and kinetics of acrylamide release in amorphous and crystalline glucose/asparagine models indicated the importance of the physical state in acrylamide formation. In amorphous systems, acrylamide was generated in higher concentrations and at lower temperatures as compared to the crystalline samples. Time and temperature are covariant parameters in both systems affecting the acrylamide formation by thermal processes. On the other side, the water activity and glass transition temperature do not seem to be critical parameters for acrylamide formation in the systems studied. 相似文献
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2-Heptanethiol was identified for the first time as a constituent of red and green bell pepper extracts. The chemical structure of this new aroma compound was proposed on the basis of mass spectra and retention indices and confirmed by chemical synthesis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements. Its aroma properties were described as sulfury, onion-like, and vegetable-like, reminiscent of bell pepper at lower concentrations, with an orthonasal detection threshold of 10 microg/L of water. No differences in odor note and threshold value were observed for the enantiomeric forms, which were prepared from enantiopure 2-heptanol by tosylation, followed by thioacetylation and reduction, giving the target thiol enantiomers. 相似文献
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R. T. Di Rocco N.S. Johnson L. Brege I. Imre G.E. Brown 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2016,23(6):548-560
Three in‐stream experiments were conducted to determine whether sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L., tissue extract (alarm cue) and 2‐phenylethylamine hydrochloride (PEA HCl, a putative predator cue) influenced the distribution of migrating adult sea lamprey. Experiments evaluated sea lamprey movement when an odour was applied to (1) a tributary of a larger stream; and (2) half of a stream channel. Fewer sea lamprey entered the tributary and side of the river scented with sea lamprey tissue extract compared to the control treatment. Sea lamprey did not avoid the tributary and side of the river scented with PEA HCl. A final laboratory experiment found no difference in the avoidance response of sea lamprey to PEA HCl mixed with river water vs PEA HCl mixed with water from Lake Huron. As such, the lack of sea lamprey response to PEA HCl in the stream was unlikely to have been caused by the presence of the river water. Rather, the difference between laboratory and field results may be attributed to the complexity of the physical environment. 相似文献
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Davídek T Robert F Devaud S Vera FA Blank I 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(18):6677-6684
The formation of short-chain carboxylic acids was studied in Maillard model systems (90 degrees C, pH 6-10) with emphasis on the role of oxygen and water. The total amount of acetic acid formed did not depend on the reaction atmosphere. In the presence of labeled dioxygen or water (18O2, H2 17O), labeled oxygen was partially incorporated into acetic acid. Thermal treatment of 1-deoxy-d-erythro-2,3-hexodiulose (1) and 3-deoxy-d-erythro-hexos-2-ulose in the presence of 17O-enriched water under alkaline conditions led to acetic and formic acid, respectively, as indicated by 17O NMR spectroscopy. The suggested mechanism involves an oxidative alpha-dicarbonyl cleavage leading to an intermediary mixed acid anhydride that releases the acids, e.g., acetic and erythronic acid, from 1. Similarly, glyceric and lactic acids were formed from 1-deoxy-3,4-hexodiuloses, corroborated by complementary analytical techniques. This paper provides for the first time evidence for the direct formation of acids from C6-alpha-dicarbonyls by an oxidative mechanism and incorporation of a 17OH group into the carboxylic moiety. The experimental data obtained support the coexistence of at least two newly described reaction mechanisms leading to carboxylic acids, i.e., (i) a hydrolytic beta-dicarbonyl cleavage as a major pathway and (ii) an alternative minor pathway via oxidative alpha-dicarbonyl cleavage induced by oxidizing species. 相似文献
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Analysis of flagellin genes was carried out on strains of Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella Hadar, Salmonella Abortusequi, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Gallinarum serovars, using a PCR system designed in this study. The purpose of these studies was to explore the flagellin genes of biphasic and monophasic Salmonellae for future targeted genetic interventions. The PCR primers were designed for two different structural genes of flagellin (fliC, fljB), for the repressor of fliC (fljA), for the operator region of fliC, and for the invertase system responsible for phase variation in Salmonella (hin, hixL, hixR). PCR analysis revealed that all of the examined genes (fliC, fliC-operator, fljB, fljA, hin, hixL, hixR) were present in all S. Typhimurium (n = 10) and S. Hadar (n = 10) strains tested. The results obtained on S. Typhimurium and S. Hadar strains confirmed their biphasic character at DNA level. However, the S. Enteritidis (n = 46) and S. Gallinarum (n = 5) strains lacked the invertase system (hin, hixL, hixR) as well as the fljA and fljB genes, while fliC and its operator were detectable. Consequently, the S. Enteritidis strains could only express fliC gene resulting in phase H1 flagellin. The examined S. Gallinarum strains were also demonstrated to have a cryptic flagellin gene (fliC). On the other hand, PCR results on S. Abortusequi (n = 2) indicated that both flagellin genes (fliC, fljB) and the whole phase variation system were present in both strains tested but only the H2 phase gene (fljB) was expressed. The phenotype of these strains could be clarified by motility test and/or by classical flagellar serology. The findings are also substantiated by the results of serovar-specific PCR for S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. In conclusion, the PCR system developed in this study proved to be suitable for characterisation of Salmonella flagellin genes and confirmed serological results regarding all S. Typhimurium, S. Hadar and S. Enteritidis strains. This system could also identify cryptic flagellar genes of S. Abortusequi and S. Gallinarum. 相似文献
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Presence of the di-leucine motif in the cytoplasmic tail of the pig FcRn alpha chain 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Zhao Y Kacskovics I Zhao Z Hammarström L 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,96(3-4):229-233
The sequence of the pig FcRn alpha chain was recently published. The lack of a conserved di-leucine motif in the cytoplasmic tail suggests a rare polymorphism in the described animal, alternatively, a sequencing error. We therefore cloned and sequenced the pig FcRn alpha chain. Our sequence, along with a previous NCBI GenBank submission and five pig derived EST clones clearly demonstrate the presence of di-leucine motif in the cytoplasmic tail of the pig FcRn. No polymorphism in the cytoplasmic tail-encoding region was found in 25 animals from six pig breeds based on single-stranded conformation polymorphism and sequencing analysis, suggesting that the previously described pig FcRn alpha chain may represent a sequencing error in the 3' portion of the gene. 相似文献
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Berendzen K Searle I Ravenscroft D Koncz C Batschauer A Coupland G Somssich IE Ulker B 《Plant methods》2005,1(1):4