Melatonin reduces apoptotic cells,SOD2 and HSPB1 and improves the in vitro production and quality of bovine blastocysts          下载免费PDF全文

TC Marques  EC da Silva Santos  TO Diesel  LO Leme  CF Martins  MAN Dode  BG Alves  FPH Costa  EB de Oliveira  ML Gambarini 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(1):226-236

Effects of adding different concentrations of melatonin (10^?7, 10^?9 and 10^?11 M) to maturation (Experiment 1; Control, IVM  + 10^?7, IVM  + 10^?9, IVM  + 10^?11) and culture media (Experiment 2; Control, IVC  + 10^?7, IVC  + 10^?9, IVC  + 10^?11) were evaluated on in vitro bovine embryonic development. The optimal concentration of melatonin (10^?9 M) from Experiments 1–2 was tested in both maturation and/or culture media of Experiment 3 (Control, IVM  + 10^?9, IVC  + 10^?9, IVM /IVC  + 10^?9). In Experiment 1, maturated oocytes from Control and IVM  + 10^?9 treatments showed increased glutathione content, mitochondrial membrane potential and percentage of Grade I blastocysts (40.6% and 43%, respectively). In Experiment 2, an increase in the percentage of Grade I blastocysts was detected in IVC  + 10^?7 (43.5%; 56.7%) and IVC  + 10^?9 (47.4%; 57.4%). Moreover, a lower number and percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts were observed in the IVC  + 10^?9 group compared to Control (3.8 ± 0.6; 3.6% versus 6.1 ± 0.6; 5.3%). In Experiment 3, the IVC  + 10^?9 treatment increased percentage of Grade I blastocysts with a lower number of apoptotic cells compared to IVM /IVC  + 10^?9 group (52.6%; 3.0 ± 0.5 versus 46.0%; 5.4 ± 1.0). The IVC  + 10^?9 treatment also had a higher mRNA expression of antioxidant gene (SOD 2) compared to the Control, as well as the heat shock protein (HSPB 1) compared to the IVM  + 10^?9. Reactive oxygen species production was greater in the IVM /IVC  + 10^?9 treatment group. In conclusion, the 10^?9 M concentration of melatonin and the in vitro production phase in which it is used directly affected embryonic development and quality.  相似文献   

Intra‐abdominal cystic lymphangiomatosis in a Thoroughbred foal          下载免费PDF全文

V. L. Savage  L. A. Cudmore  C. M. Russell  D. I. Railton  A. P. Begg  N. M. Collins  A. R. Adkins 《Equine Veterinary Education》2018,30(8):403-408

Cystic lymphangiomas are rare malformations of the lymphatics that result in the formation of a cystic mass. Where multiple cysts are seen, the condition is termed cystic lymphangiomatosis. This case describes the diagnosis and unique management of cystic lymphangiomatosis in a 10‐day‐old Thoroughbred foal. Ultrasonography, histopathology and laparoscopy were essential for diagnosis and appreciation of the extent of disease. Ultimately, the cystic lymphangiomatosis was so extensive in this foal that complete surgical excision was considered impossible and the presence of adhesions within the abdomen indicated a very poor long‐term prognosis; the owners elected for euthanasia at age 14 weeks. Although rare, lymphangioma and lymphangiomatosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis for an intra‐abdominal mass in a young horse.  相似文献   

Small-Scale Isolation of Viral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase from Protoplasts Inoculated with In Vitro Transcripts     

Adkins S  Lewandowski DJ 《Phytopathology》2001,91(8):747-752

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Volume Contents     

P. D. Roberts  S. Adkins  K. Pernezny  J. B. Jones 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2000,106(9):913-920

Volume Contents

Volume Contents  相似文献   

Identification and characterization of a novel whitefly-transmitted member of the family potyviridae isolated from cucurbits in Florida     

Adkins S  Webb SE  Achor D  Roberts PD  Baker CA 《Phytopathology》2007,97(2):145-154

ABSTRACT A novel whitefly-transmitted member of the family Potyviridae was isolated from a squash plant (Cucurbita pepo) with vein yellowing symptoms in Florida. The virus, for which the name Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) is proposed, has flexuous rod-shaped particles of approximately 840 nm in length. The experimental host range was limited to species in the family Cucurbitaceae, with the most dramatic symptoms observed in squash and watermelon, but excluded all tested species in the families Amaranthaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, and Solanaceae. The virus was transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) but was not transmitted by aphids (Myzus persicae). Infection by SqVYV induced inclusion bodies visible by electron and light microscopy that were characteristic of members of the family Potyviridae. Comparison of the SqVYV coat protein gene and protein sequences with those of recognized members of the family Potyviridae indicate that it is a novel member of the genus Ipomovirus. A limited survey revealed that SqVYV also was present in watermelon plants suffering from a vine decline and fruit rot recently observed in Florida and was sufficient to induce these symptoms in greenhouse-grown watermelon, suggesting that SqVYV is the likely cause of this disease.  相似文献   

Septic osteitis of the distal phalanx in foals: 22 cases (1995-2002)     

Neil KM  Axon JE  Todhunter PG  Adams PL  Caron JP  Adkins AR 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(11):1683-1690

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical characteristics and outcome of foals with septic osteitis of the distal phalanx. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. ANIMALS: 22 foals. PROCEDURES: Information obtained from medical records included signalment; clinical, laboratory, and radiographic findings; treatment method; and outcome. Foals included in the study had lameness referable to the foot, radiographic evidence of localized lysis or focal loss of bone density of the distal phalanx, and suppurative discharge or necrosis of the affected bone evident at surgery. Foals with a history or evidence of penetrating wounds or subsolar abscessation were excluded. RESULTS: Mean age of foals at initial evaluation was 40.8 days (range, 3 to 122 days). Twenty-one (95%) foals had lameness as the primary complaint. Lesions consistent with septic osteitis of the distal phalanx localized to specific areas of the bone on the basis of radiographic and surgical findings were located on the solar margin or toe (14/22 [64%]), extensor process (5/22 [23%]), and palmar or plantar process (3/22 [13%]). Hind limbs (18/26 [69%] affected limbs) were more frequently affected. Two foals had > 1 affected limb, 2 had additional sites of osteomyelitis, and 4 had concurrent septic arthritis. Surgical debridement and regional antimicrobial perfusion were performed during general anesthesia. Extensor process lesions were not debrided. Nineteen of 22 (86%) foals survived to be discharged from hospital, and 16 horses reached racing age. Eleven of 16 had race starts, of which 8 had official race starts and 3 had unofficial race starts. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Septic osteitis of the distal phalanx should be considered as a source of lameness in foals with signs referable to the foot and does not necessarily preclude a career in racing. Although infection may occur secondary to bacterial penetration of the hoof or sole, the distal phalanx should also be considered as a potential site for hematogenous septic arthritis or osteomyelitis in foals.  相似文献   

Functional diversity of microbial communities in the mixed boreal plain forest of central Canada     

Christopher White  Anne Adkins  Richard Staniforth 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2005,37(7):1359-1372

This study was designed to examine whether or not specific tree species (Picea glauca, Picea mariana, Pinus banksiana, Populus tremuloides), their post-fire stand age, or their position in a successional pathway had any significant effect on the functional diversity of associated soil microbial communities in a typical mixed boreal forest ecosystem (Duck Mountain Provincial Forest, Manitoba, Canada). Multivariate analyses designed to identify significant biotic and/or abiotic variables associated with patterns of organic substrate utilization (assessed using the BIOLOG™ System) revealed the overall similarity in substrate utilization by the soil microbial communities. The five clusters identified differed mainly by their substrate-utilization value rather than by specific substrate utilization. Variability in community functional diversity was not strongly associated to tree species or post-fire stand age; however, redundancy analysis indicated a stronger association between substrate utilization and successional pathway and soil pH. For example, microbial communities associated with the relatively high pH soils of the P. tremuloides-P. glauca successional pathway, exhibited a greater degree of substrate utilization than those associated with the P. banksiana-P. mariana successional pathway and more acidic soils. Differences in functional diversity specific to tree species were not observed and this may have reflected the mixed nature of the forest stands and of their heterogeneous forest floor. In a densely treed, mixed boreal forest ecosystem, great overlap in tree and understory species occur making it difficult to assign a definitive microbial community to any particular tree species. The presence of P. tremuloides in all stand types and post fire stand ages has probably contributed to the large amount of overlap in utilization profiles among soil samples.  相似文献   

Field Scale Mapping of Surface Soil Clay Concentration     

Chen  Feng  Kissel  David E.  West  Larry T.  Adkins  W.  Clark  Rex  Rickman  Doug  Luvall  J. C. 《Precision Agriculture》2004,5(1):7-26

The surface soil clay concentration is a useful soil property to map soils, interpret soil properties, and guide irrigation, fertilizer, and agricultural chemical applications. The objective of this study was to determine whether surface soil clay concentrations could be predicted from remotely sensed imagery of bare surface soil or from soil electrical conductivity for a 115 ha field located in Crisp County, Georgia. The soil clay concentrations were determined for soil samples taken at 28 field locations. Three different data sources–an aerial color photograph image, two infrared bands from an ATLAS data set, and the electrical conductivity of the surface soil layer were used in the research. Principal components analysis was applied to the color photograph image, whereas the ratio of two infrared bands was applied to the ATLAS data set. Filtering was applied to both resulting images. The distribution of soil electrical conductivity was derived from the measured soil electrical conductivity data by spatial analysis. Statistical relationships between soil clay concentrations and the principal component 3, the ratio of two ATLAS infrared bands, and the soil electrical conductivity were analyzed, and three linear equations were derived with r ² values 0.83, 0.52, and 0.78, respectively. The distribution of the soil clay concentrations was derived based on these three equations. Six levels of soil clay concentrations were classified in these three methods, and the advantages and disadvantages were discussed. The predicted and measured soil clay concentrations, based on additional soil samples from 30 field locations, were compared using linear regression (r ²=0.76, 0.45, and 0.77 for the three methods). The overall accuracy for these methods were 84%, 66%, and 76%, respectively. The principal components method had the highest accuracy in our research, while the result for the depressional areas is the best from the ratio method.  相似文献   

The Iditarod: sled dogs and DVMs.     

T O Adkins  J C Morris 《Modern veterinary practice》1975,56(7):456-461

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Outcomes of dogs presented for cataract evaluation: a retrospective study   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Adkins EA  Hendrix DV 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2005,41(4):235-240

Two hundred and forty-four dogs were evaluated for cataracts at the University of Tennessee from January 2001 to December 2002. Fifty-four canine breeds were affected. Odds ratios for cataracts were significantly higher for six purebred dogs (including the cocker spaniel, miniature schnauzer, toy poodle, Boston terrier, miniature poodle, and bichon frise) compared with mixed-breed dogs. One hundred fifty-nine dogs did not have cataract surgery. The most common reason for dogs not having surgery was retinal degeneration (n=66).  相似文献