Pigeonpea improvement: An amalgam of breeding and genomic research     

Sameer Kumar Chanda Venkata  Ganga Rao Nadigatla Veera Prabha Rama  Rachit K. Saxena  Kulbhushan Saxena  Hari D. Upadhyaya  Moses Siambi  Said N. Silim  Kothapally Narasimha Reddy  Anupama J. Hingane  Mamta Sharma  Shivali Sharma  Stephen Dominic Lyimo  Rose Ubwe  Meshack Makenge  Kananji Gad  Paul Kiprotich Kimurto  Manuel Amane  Kennedy Kanenga  Yuventino Obong  Emanuel Monyo  Chris Ojiewo  Nagesh Kumar Mallela Venkata  Jaganmohan Polineni Rao  Prashanthi Lakkireddy  Sudhakar Chourat  Indraprakash Singh  Sobhan Sajja  Shruthi Hirikara Beliappa  Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(4):445-454

In the past five decades, constant research has been directed towards yield improvement in pigeonpea resulting in the deployment of several commercially acceptable cultivars in India. Though, the genesis of hybrid technology, the biggest breakthrough, enigma of stagnant productivity still remains unsolved. To sort this productivity disparity, genomic research along with conventional breeding was successfully initiated at ICRISAT. It endowed ample genomic resource providing insight in the pigeonpea genome combating production constraints in a precise and speedy manner. The availability of the draft genome sequence with a large‐scale marker resource, oriented the research towards trait mapping for flowering time, determinacy, fertility restoration, yield attributing traits and photo‐insensitivity. Defined core and mini‐core collection, still eased the pigeonpea breeding being accessible for existing genetic diversity and developing stress resistance. Modern genomic tools like next‐generation sequencing, genome‐wide selection helping in the appraisal of selection efficiency is leading towards next‐generation breeding, an awaited milestone in pigeonpea genetic enhancement. This paper emphasizes the ongoing genetic improvement in pigeonpea with an amalgam of conventional breeding as well as genomic research.  相似文献   

Effects of Pasteurella haemolytica A1 leukotoxin on bovine neutrophils: degranulation and generation of oxygen-derived free radicals.     

S K Maheswaran  D J Weiss  M S Kannan  E L Townsend  K R Reddy  L O Whiteley  S Srikumaran 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1992,33(1-2):51-68

To further define the role of Pasteurella haemolytica A1 leukotoxin in the pathogenesis of bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis, its in vitro effects on bovine neutrophils were investigated. Leukotoxin-containing culture supernatant, from P. haemolytica, stimulated a neutrophil respiratory burst as measured by the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals O2- and H2O2. This effect was immediate because preincubation of neutrophils with the culture supernatant for 5 min or longer substantially suppressed this respiratory burst. This suppression was due to cytolysis of the neutrophils. Prolonged incubation of neutrophils with the same culture supernatant caused further cytolysis and degranulation. Heat-inactivated P. haemolytica culture supernatant that had lost its cytotoxic properties failed to stimulate respiratory burst by neutrophils. Furthermore, the respiratory burst, cytolysis and degranulation were abrogated only by leukotoxin-neutralizing monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, but not by antibodies against the lipopolysaccharide. These studies show that the leukotoxin component in the culture supernatant was responsible for the generation of oxygen-derived free radicals and proteolytic enzymes from neutrophils which may participate in direct lung injury.  相似文献   

Pathogenic mechanisms of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

E. G. Mdurvwa  P. O. Ogunbiyi  H. S. Gakou  P. G. Reddy 《Veterinary research communications》1994,18(6):483-490

Goats infected with caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) show chronic arthritis and cachexia, which are progressive in nature. The immunopathogenic mechanisms responsible for these progressive clinical symptoms have not been fully elucidated. Various haematological and immunological parameters were evaluated in experimentally-infected goats showing typical signs of CAEV-induced disease. Infected goats showed recurrent lymphocytosis that may be due to constant presentation of antigen by infected cells of a monocyte/macrophage lineage. The serum alkaline phosphatase and -glutamyl transferase concentrations were elevated in infected goats, a characteristic of hepatic and bone disorders. All other serum chemistry parameters were similar between infected and control goats. Importantly, the serum tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) levels were higher in infected goats. The cachexia seen in infected goats may be at least partly due to altered metabolism as a result of prolonged elevation of serum TNF- levels. Depressed natural killer cell activity was observed in infected goats and may contribute towards the establishment of a persistent infection with CAEV.Abbreviations AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome - CAEV caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus - GGT -glutamyl transferase - HBSS Hanks' balanced salt solution - HIV human immunodeficiency virus - NK natural killer - PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells - PCR polymerase chain reaction - SAP serum alkaline phosphatase - TNF tumour necrosis factor  相似文献   

Comparison of maize,wheat and triticale in broiler diets     

N. V. Reddy  D. R. Rao  G. R. Sunki 《British poultry science》1979,20(4):357-362

1. Wheat, triticale 131 or triticale 72‐S could replace up to half the maize in broiler diets without affecting performance. Replacing more of the maize on either an equal nitrogen basis or a weight basis adversely affected performance.

2. Triticale 72‐S appeared to be superior to triticale 131 as a direct replacement for maize, but both grains were inferior to maize as energy sources.  相似文献   

Comparisons of frequencies and egg shell characteristics of broken and intact eggs within diverse populations of chickens     

P. B. Siegel  J. H. Van Middelkoop  P. R. K. Reddy 《British poultry science》1978,19(4):411-416

1. Differences were found among eight populations of White Plymouth Rock pullets in the frequency of broken eggs.

2. The shells of such eggs were thinner than those of intact eggs in seven of the populations.

3. The number of defective eggs, the specific gravity of the eggs, and the percentage hen‐day egg production of normal eggs were significantly correlated within populations with the incidence of broken eggs.

4. No significant correlations were found within populations between the incidence of egg breakage and either egg weight, body weight, or shank length.  相似文献   

Dynamics of Polymyxa graminis and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) infection on various monocotyledonous crops and groundnut during the rainy season     

P. Delfosse  A. S. Reddy  K. Thirumala Devi  A. Legrève  J. Risopoulos  D. Doucet  P. Shoba Devi  H. Maraite  D. V. R. Reddy 《Plant pathology》2002,51(5):546-560

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Potential effects of RNA interference of Asian longhorned beetle on its parasitoid     

Xingeng Wang  Jessica Faucher  Ramesh Kumar Dhandapani  Jian J. Duan  Subba Reddy Palli 《Pest management science》2023,79(4):1557-1565

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Intestinal obstruction in a she-buffalo-a case report     

O Ramakrishna  S K Reddy  J S Reddy 《The Indian veterinary journal》1971,48(6):650-652

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The relation between polyphenoloxidase activity and ability to produce indoleacetic acid in Fusarium-infected tomato plants     

A. Matta  I. Abbattista Gentile 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1968,74(1):47-51

Different protein fractions precipitated with ammonium sulphate from extracts of healthy andFusarium-infected tomato plants showed a linear relationship between polyphenoloxidase activity and ability to form indoleacetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan in the presence of chlorogenic acid. Dialysis slightly reduced polyphenoloxidase activity of as well as IAA formation by crude and purified extracts.Polyphenoloxidase as well as IAA production were partially inhibited by DIECA, EDTA, cystein and ascorbic acid. The inhibition was shown to occur in crude and purified extracts and stem slices of both healthy and diseased plants, but was consistently higher in material from diseased plants.The reported results may be considered to further confirm the strict interdependence between polyphenoloxidase activity and ability to form IAA in tomato plants. The different sensitivity to some inhibitors shown by material from healthy and from diseased plants is emphasized.  相似文献   

Studies on the bacterial contamination of market eggs--a preliminary report     

P C Panda  B Panda  M S Reddy 《The Indian veterinary journal》1968,45(5):439-443

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