Some developmental differences inEpinotia granitalis (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) between two host tree species     

Kazutaka Kato 《Journal of Forest Research》1997,2(2):75-78

To detect developmental differences inEpinotia granitalis in two host tree speciesCryptomeria japonica andChamaecyparis obtusa, the fourth or fifth instar larvae were collected daily from the two species located on the grounds of the National Forest Tree Breeding Center, from April 19 to May 9 in 1994 and April 18 to May 10 in 1995. Larvae ofE. granitalis collected fromC. obtusa had heavier body weight, developed to larger adults than those collected fromC. japonica, and mortality from the fourth or fifth instar larval stage to adults onC. obtusa was lower than that onC. japonica. All these facts suggest that larval performance onC. obtusa was higher than that onC. japonica.  相似文献   

Characterization of Aerococcus viridans isolated from milk samples from cows with mastitis and manure samples     

Nobukazu SAISHU  Kazutaka MORIMOTO  Hiroshi YAMASATO  Hiroichi OZAKI  Toshiyuki MURASE 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1037-1042

Thirty-eight Aerococcus viridans isolates were obtained from milk from 478 cows with clinical mastitis in a farm during the periods between November 2011 and February 2012, and between December 2012 and March 2013. Additional isolates were obtained from processed manure (a mixture of composted manure, straw and hydrated lime) and bedding materials. The processed manure was later used to cover the floor of the stalls in barns as bedding materials. The temperatures recorded in the composted and processed manure were not as high as those generally observed during satisfactory composting. To reveal the association of A. viridans in manure-related products with intramammary infection in cows, isolates were characterized by their DNA fragment patterns as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Isolates obtained from milk, processed manure and bedding materials had identical DNA fragment patterns. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined for 29 isolates from milk, processed manure and bedding materials. Of these, 26 (89.7%) were resistant to clindamycin, whereas virtually all the isolates were susceptible to 12 other antimicrobials including cefalosporins that have been used to treat bovine mastitis in Japan. In vitro, three A. viridans isolates from milk and an isolate from processed manure survived for 3 hr in Good’s buffer (pH 9) at high temperature (50°C). The results suggest that the processed manure and bedding materials in this farm were possible sources of A. viridans that caused infection in the cows with mastitis.  相似文献   

Erythrophagocytosis Enhances Heme-Dependent Cytotoxicity of Antimalarial Drugs in Canine Histiocytic Sarcoma Cell Line DH82     

Seishiro CHIKAZAWA  Yasunori KITAHARA  Erika ANDO  Yasutomo HORI  Fumio HOSHI  Kazutaka KANAI  Naoyuki ITO  Seiichi HIGUCHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(2):249-253

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In Vivo Measurements of Flexor Tendon and Suspensory Ligament Forces During Trotting Using the Thoroughbred Forelimb Model     

Toshiyuki TAKAHASHI  Kazutaka MUKAI  Hajime OHMURA  Hiroko AIDA  Atsushi HIRAGA 《Journal of Equine Science》2014,25(1):15-22

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Predation by scavenging amphipods to injured hatchery-raised juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus under laboratory conditions     

Keiichiro Ide  Kazutaka Takahashi  Koichi Sasaki  Michio Omori 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(6):1209-1214

ABSTRACT:   The attacking potential of the scavenging amphipod Scopelocheirus onagawae on artificially injured hatchery-raised Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus juveniles was investigated in relation to the degree of injury on the fish. All injured flounder juveniles were attacked by amphipods regardless of the degree of injury, while non-injured juveniles were not attacked. The attack by amphipods on the juveniles generally depended on the amount of glycine, a main feeding stimulant for the amphipod, released from the injury opening. The swimming ability of flounder juveniles was important to avoid the attack of amphipods. Furthermore, an area of injury allowing the amphipods to cling to the fish affects to the vulnerability of juveniles against the predation of amphipods. This study suggests that scavenging amphipods are potentially involved in the rapid reduction of the number of hatchery-raised juveniles.  相似文献   

Ordering in a fluid inert gas confined by flat surfaces     

Donnelly SE  Birtcher RC  Allen CW  Morrison I  Furuya K  Song M  Mitsuishi K  Dahmen U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5567):507-510

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images of room-temperature fluid xenon in small faceted cavities in aluminum reveal the presence of three well-defined layers within the fluid at each facet. Such interfacial layering of simple liquids has been theoretically predicted, but observational evidence has been ambiguous. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the density variation induced by the layering will cause xenon, confined to an approximately cubic cavity of volume approximately 8 cubic nanometers, to condense into the body-centered cubic phase, differing from the face-centered cubic phase of both bulk solid xenon and solid xenon confined in somewhat larger (>/=20 cubic nanometer) tetradecahedral cavities in face-centered cubic metals. Layering at the liquid-solid interface plays an important role in determining physical properties as diverse as the rheological behavior of two-dimensionally confined liquids and the dynamics of crystal growth.  相似文献   

Virtopsy in a red kangaroo with oral osteomyelitis     

Lee KJ  Sasaki M  Miyauchi A  Kishimoto M  Shimizu J  Iwasaki T  Miyake Y  Yamada K 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(1):128-130

This report describes the use of computed tomography (CT) in a nondomestic species. Postmortem CT was performed on a red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) and a diagnosis of oral osteomyelitis was made. CT examination revealed bony remodeling of the right mandible, an intraosseous lesion of the right temporal bone, muscle necrosis around the right mandible, and the absence of the right, first, upper molar tooth. Cardiac and intrahepatic gas and a distended intestine due to postmortem gas accumulation were also seen. All the lesions identified with CT were also identified by conventional necropsy, except the cardiac and intrahepatic gases. Virtopsy may be a useful procedure for the noninvasive identification of cause of death and as a guide for necropsy in animals.  相似文献   

Peripartum back fat thickness of multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows with displacement of the abomasum or ketosis     

Yamakawa K  Aoki T  Matsui M  Yamada K  Ishii M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(5):641-644

To establish a method to predict postpartum diseases using prepartum back fat thickness (BFT), the peripartum BFTs of 54 healthy multiparous cows before calving, which were diagnosed with postpartum displacement of the abomasum (DA), clinical ketosis or subclinical ketosis were compared with those of healthy cows from 8 weeks before the expected calving date to 8 weeks after calving. The peripartum BFTs of the cows with DA or clinical ketosis were significantly higher than those of healthy cows. The peripartum BFTs of the cows with subclinical ketosis were not significantly higher than those of the healthy cows.  相似文献   

Myocardial injury-related changes in plasma NT-proBNP and ANP concentrations in a canine model of ischemic myocardial injury     

Hori Y  Ohshima N  Chikazawa S  Kanai K  Hoshi F  Itoh N  Higuchi S 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(1):46-51

Serial changes in plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations are unknown in dogs with myocardial injury. The time-course secretory responses between NT-proBNP and ANP or cardiac troponin-T (cTnT) related to myocardial infarction (MI) were investigated in this study. Six dogs were anaesthetised and the left anterior descending artery was ligated. A transient decrease in cardiac function was detected 1h after MI but returned to baseline levels within 7 days and remained so for 6 months. Echocardiographic examination revealed focal ventricular dyskinesis throughout the study. Six months following MI, the left atrium to aorta ratio increased significantly although the relative wall thickness decreased significantly from baseline. Significantly elevated plasma NT-proBNP and cTnT concentrations were detected 1 day after MI and these gradually decreased over 28 days to baseline levels without left ventricular pressure elevation. Plasma ANP was elevated significantly 6 months after MI. The NT-proBNP assay is a helpful diagnostic indicator for identifying asymptomatic acute and subacute myocardial injury whereas plasma ANP concentration mainly reflects atrial dilation.  相似文献   

The importance of mother–infant communication for social bond formation in mammals     

Shota OKABE  Miho NAGASAWA  Kazutaka MOGI  Takefumi KIKUSUI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(6):446-452

Mother–infant bonding is a universal relationship of all mammalian species. Here, we describe the role of reciprocal communication between mother and infant in the formation of bonding for several mammalian species. Mother–infant bond formation is reinforced by various social cues or stimuli, including communicative signals, such as odor and vocalizations, or tactile stimuli. The mother also develops cross‐modal sensory recognition of the infant, during bond formation. Many studies have indicated that the oxytocin neural system plays a pivotal role in bond formation by the mother; however, the underlying neural mechanisms for infants have not yet been clarified. The comparative understanding of cognitive functions of mother and infants may help us understand the biological significance of mother–infant communication in mammalian species.  相似文献