Community-based tsetse fly control significantly reduces fly density and trypanosomosis prevalence in Metekel Zone,Northwest, Ethiopia     

Gebrerufael Girmay  Bezna Arega  Dawit Tesfaye  Dirk Berkvens  Gadisa Muleta  Getnet Asefa 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(3):633-642

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Experimental infection of Black Belly and INRA 401 straight and crossbred sheep with trichostrongyle nematode parasites   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gruner L  Aumont G  Getachew T  Brunel JC  Pery C  Cognié Y  Guérin Y 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,116(3):239-249

Compared to INRA 401 lambs reared in France, Black Belly (BB) lambs reared in Guadeloupe (F.W.I.) were highly resistant to both primary and secondary experimental infection with Haemonchus contortus. To investigate this huge inter-breed difference, a nucleus flock of BB was constituted, and experiments were conducted to: (i) confirm this difference in lambs born in France, (ii) check whether it was similar for Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Teladorsagia circumcincta, and (iii) find out whether this difference was age-related. Forty BB lambs, 84 F1 lambs (BB siresxINRA 401 ewes) and 88 INRA 401 lambs born in two cohorts were used in an experimental design involving three host breeds, both genders and two age-groups (3.5- and 7-month-old when first infected). The limited availability of BB lambs made the study incomplete. Infection consisted of the administration of two doses of 10,000 infective larvae of one of the nematode species, separated by an anthelmintic treatment and an interval of 1 week before the second dose was administered. Fecal egg counts (FECs) were done on Days 28 and 35 after each infection; ewe lambs of the INRA 401 and F1 breeds were necropsied, the worm burden was established, the length of the female worms measured and the eggs in utero counted. For H. contortus and T. colubriformis, the FEC was lower in the BB than in the INRA 401 lambs, and the FEC found for the F1 lambs was intermediate. For T. circumcincta, only data for the F1 and INRA 401 lambs were available, and the FECs for these breeds were the same. In all three breeds, the FEC determined after the second dose was significantly lower than that found after the first dose in the ewe lambs, but not in the ram lambs. Infecting the lambs when they were 7- instead of 3.5-month-old significantly lowered egg excretion of both parasites in the F1 (P<0.0001), but not the INRA 401 lambs. Worm numbers in the F1 and in the INRA 401 ewe lambs confirmed the FEC data, many F1 lambs being free of T. colubriformis. The H. contortus female worms were shorter and had fewer eggs in utero in the F1 than in the INRA 401 lambs. A higher proportion of T. circumcincta was at the fourth larval stage in the F1 lambs. In conclusion, the BB breed is much more resistant than INRA 401 to H. contortus, with the F1 lambs being more like the BBs after the second dose. This difference was also found for T. colubriformis and, to a lesser extent, for T. circumcincta.  相似文献   

Genetic aspects concerning drip loss and water-holding capacity of porcine meat     

D. G. J. Jennen  A. D. Brings  G. Liu  H. Jüngst  E. Tholen  E. Jonas  D. Tesfaye  K. Schellander  & C. Phatsara 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2007,124(S1):2-11

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Haplotype analysis of β-actin gene for its association with sperm quality and boar fertility     

C.-L. Lin  D.G.J. Jennen  S. Ponsuksili  E. Tholen  D. Tesfaye  K. Schellander  & K. Wimmers 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2006,123(6):384-388

β‐actin (ACTB) was examined as a direct functional candidate gene for the possible association with sperm concentration, motility (MOT), semen volume per ejaculate, plasma droplet rate, abnormal sperm rate (ASR) and the fertility traits, non‐return rate and number of piglets born alive (NBA). Three polymorphisms in intron 3 (T>C) and one polymorphism in exon 4 (T>C) of porcine ACTB gene were identified by comparative sequencing of animals of the breeds Pietrain and Hampshire. Association analysis revealed that haplotypes affected the variation of the traits MOT, ASR and NBA. The beneficial haplotypes may provide considerable improvement of sperm quality and fertility in the tested commercial boar population.  相似文献   

Prevalence,intensity and risk factors of infestation with major gastrointestinal nematodes in equines in and around Shashemane,Southern Ethiopia     

Zewdu Seyoum  Mulualem Tesfaye  Samuel Derso 《Tropical animal health and production》2015,47(8):1515-1521

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Replacing cottonseed meal with ground Prosopis juliflora pods; effect on intake,weight gain and carcass parameters of Afar sheep fed pasture hay basal diet     

Mohammed Yasin  Getachew Animut 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(6):1079-1085

The experiment was conducted to determine the supplementary feeding value of ground Prosopis juliflora pod (Pjp) and cottonseed meal (CSM) and their mixtures on feed intake, body weight gain and carcass parameters of Afar sheep fed a basal diet of pasture hay. Twenty-five yearling fat-tailed Afar rams with mean initial live weight 17.24?±?1.76 kg (mean ± SD) were used in a randomized complete block design. Animals were blocked on their initial body weight. The experiment was conducted for 12 weeks and carcass evaluation followed. Treatments were hay alone ad libitum (T ₁) or with 300 g CSM (T ₂), 300 g Pjp (T ₅), 2:1 ratio (T ₃) and 1:2 ratio of CSM : Pjp (T ₄). The CP contents of the hay, CSM and Pjp were 10.5, 44.5 and 16.7 %, respectively. Hay DM intake was higher (P?<?0.05) for non-supplemented and total DM intake was lower in non-supplemented. Average daily weight gain (ADG) was lower (P?<?0.05) for T ₁ compared to all supplemented treatments except T ₅. Hot carcass weight and rib-eye muscle area also followed the same trend like that of ADG. Compared with feeding hay alone, supplementing with CSM or a mixture of CSM and Pjp appeared to be a better feeding strategy, biologically, for yearling Afar rams.  相似文献   

Genetic analysis of threshability in grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]          下载免费PDF全文

Adedayo Adeyanju  Ramasamy Perumal  Tesfaye Tesso 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(2):148-155

The ease with which seeds are detached from panicles is one of the early domestication traits. Genotypes with sticky panicles are hard to thresh, and whenever threshed, the grain tends to remain attached to the glume which reduces market value and processability. This study was conducted to determine the genetic mechanisms underlying the threshability trait in sorghum. Four seed parents and eleven pollinators differing for threshability were intercrossed in Design II mating scheme and the resulting hybrids and the parents were grown in four environments. Threshability was estimated as the ratio of seed yield to panicle weight (TW) and proportion of seeds without sticky glumes (TG). Variation was significant among the entries, inbreds and hybrids with GCA for TG and TW varying markedly. Mean TG for inbred and hybrids of low threshable genotypes was not markedly different indicating that threshability trait is under the control of additive genes with dominant or partially dominant effects. Segregation analysis indicates that the TG trait may be under the control of few major genes with approximately one to three loci affecting the trait.  相似文献   

Diversity and distribution patterns of enset landraces in Sidama, Southern Ethiopia     

Bizuayehu Tesfaye  Peter Lüdders 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2003,50(4):359-371

Diversity and distribution of enset landraces (clones) were investigated in 300 randomly selected peasant households at ten different locations in the Sidama region of Ethiopia using presence-or-absence data. A total of 86 named landraces were recorded, making the region an area of remarkably high enset landrace diversity. A substantial fraction of the landraces had a restricted distribution range and low abundance while a number were moderately common with the remaining few being cosmopolitan. Regional distribution was positively correlated with local abundance, such that more widespread landraces were also typically more abundant (r = 0.78, p < .01). Landrace diversity was not evenly distributed throughout the region, the highest diversity being recorded in mountain areas (r = 0.71, p < .05). Farmers exchange planting materials extensively, resulting in a fairly high (up to 70%) coefficient of similarity among sites. Implications for the collection and conservation of enset genetic resources are discussed.  相似文献   

Natural and human selection for purple-grain tetraploid wheats in the Ethiopian highlands     

Getachew Belay  T. Tesemma  E. Bechere  D. Mitiku 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1995,42(4):387-391

Summary Purple-grain tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) are widely cultivated in the Ethiopian highlands despite the claim that they have lower industrial quality properties and market prices than the white or red/brown seed-colour types. In an attempt to find a possible explanation for this, the three seed-colour groups were compared for grain yield, other 11 agronomic traits and protein content. Five traits displayed significant differences between seed colour groups where the purple-seed was superior; earlier maturity, shorter height, and higher fertility, tillering capacity and harvest index. Most of these are important adaptive traits to waterlogging stress on dark-clay soils (pellic vertisols) where the great bulk of the Ethiopian tetraploid wheats have been grown. Furthermore, among the three seed-colour groups, purple-seed wheat has the best malting quality for the preparation of arekie, a locally distilled spirituous liquor. It, therefore, appears that both natural and human selections have been reponsible for their continued cultivation. Hence, the notion that purple-seeded wheat is the “least preferred” should be interpreted carefully not to necessarily address the whole community in Ethiopia. As to their taxonomy, all tetraploid wheat taxa (T. turgidum L. sensu lato, 2n = 4x = 28) that are found in Ethiopia, with the possible exception of T. dicoccon Shrank (locally known as Adja), may possess the purple pericarp-colour, although in varying frequencies; very low inT. polonicum L., and high inT. carthlicum Nevski andT. durum Desf.  相似文献   

拟南芥BOI 基因在抗氧化胁迫和细胞死亡中的功能分析     

罗红丽  宋凤鸣 《植物病理学报》2012,42(1):65-72

 本文利用BOI(Botrytis Susceptible 1 Interactor)基因敲减(knock-down) 株系、过量表达株系以及烟草瞬时表达系统,研究了BOI 基因在细胞程序化死亡(PCD)中的作用以及BOI 蛋白中RING 和WRD 结构域的功能。结果表明,BOI 基因的表达下调导致抗氧化胁迫能力下降,弱化了对活性氧介导的PCD 抑制作用;BOI 过量表达或瞬间表达可以增强对活性氧介导和α-吡啶甲酸诱导的PCD 的抑制作用。进一步研究发现,BOI 蛋白中的RING 结构域是BOI 抑制PCD 所必需的,WRD 结构域与BOI 对PCD 的抑制作用关系不大。  相似文献