Lipid metabolism in tomato and bean as a sensitive monitor for biocontrol of wilt diseases     

E. F. Abd-Allah  Abeer Hashem  S. M. Ezzat 《Phytoparasitica》2006,34(5):516-522

The lipids metabolism of tomato and bean plants during biological control of wilt pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici andF. oxysporum f.sp.phaseoli, respectively) byBacillus subtilis was investigated. The interaction of wilt pathogens with both tomato and bean caused an imbalance and drastic reduction in total lipids, triacylglycerol, sterol and all phospholipd fractions except phosphatidic acid. The application of a formulated biocontrol agent,B. subtilis, eliminated the detrimental effect of both wilt pathogens and consequently prevented catabolism of lipid fractions in both tomato and bean. Moreover, the changes in the lipid fractions as a sensitive monitor for biocontrol of wilt diseases suggest a positive correlation between the application ofB. subtilis and improvement in the host metabolism towards anabolism. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 20, 2006.  相似文献   

Detection of a chitinase-like protein in the roots of Douglas-fir trees infected with Armillaria ostoyae and Phellinus weirii     

Robinson RM  Sturrock RN  Davidson JJ  Ekramoddoullah AK  Morrison DJ 《Tree physiology》2000,20(8):493-502

Protein was extracted from root bark of 11- and 25-year-old interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) trees that were naturally infected with Armillaria ostoyae (Romagnesi) Herink. The proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Root bark tissue adjacent to infected areas had a significantly higher protein concentration than healthy tissue (P < 0.05), whereas the protein concentration of infected tissue was consistently lower (P < 0.05) than that of healthy tissue. The SDS-PAGE profiles of healthy, infected, and adjacent-to-infected root bark tissues revealed significant differences in concentrations of a 29.3-kDa protein. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the 29.3-kDa protein displayed significant homology (P = 0.013) to a basic endochitinase. Use of a polyclonal antibody raised against the 29.3-kDa putative endochitinase-like protein (ECP) indicated differences in the quantities of ECP in healthy roots compared with roots infected with A. ostoyae in 11- and 25-year-old interior Douglas-fir trees. The antibody was also used to screen for the presence of the 29.3-kDa protein in roots of 24-year-old coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) trees that were artificially inoculated with and colonized by Phellinus weirii (Murr.) Gilbn. The amount of ECP was elevated in root bark of coastal Douglas-fir in response to P. weirii infection, although in lower quantities relative to those found in the A. ostoyae-interior Douglas-fir pathosystem. The sequence homology of the ECP with a basic chitinase, together with its increased synthesis in response to two fungal pathogens, indicate a possible role for this protein in the defense of Douglas-fir against fungal pathogens.  相似文献   

平欧杂种榛主栽品种需冷量、需热量研究          下载免费PDF全文

马庆华  罗青红  艾吉尔&#;阿不拉  曹运强  崔立志  霍宏亮  王贵禧 《林业科学研究》2016,29(3):354-361

[目的]揭示平欧杂种榛主栽品种的需冷量和需热量,更好地指导生产做好区域化栽培。[方法]本研究以16个平欧杂种榛主栽品种的1年生枝条为试材,以野生平榛1年生枝条为对照,通过水培观察的方法,首次对平欧杂种榛的雌、雄花序和叶芽进行需冷量和需热量研究。[结果]表明:平欧杂种榛不同器官的需冷量由低到高依次为雄花序336 1 176 h、雌花序504 1 344 h、叶芽672 1 512 h;需热量由低到高依次为雄花序687.0 998.5GDH℃、雌花序998.5 3 496.1 GDH℃、叶芽2 546.5 4 180.3 GDH℃;不同品种、器官在刚满足最低蓄冷要求时需热量最高,随着蓄冷时间的延长,需热量逐渐减少。[结论]首次报道了平欧杂种榛主栽品种雄、雌花序和叶芽的需冷量和需热量数据,其中,达维、平欧48号等品种花器官需冷量较低,辽榛2号、平欧545号等品种花器官需冷量较高;玉坠、平欧69号等品种花器官需热量较低,辽榛1号、辽榛4号等品种花器官需热量较高,上述研究丰富了榛属植物开花和休眠解除方面的数据,可为平欧杂种榛的引种和栽培提供参考。  相似文献   

Structure of Vomeronasal Organ (Jacobson organ) in Male Camelus Domesticus Var. dromedaris persica     

H. Karimi  R. Mansoori Ale Hashem  G. Ardalani  R. Sadrkhanloo  H. Hayatgheibi 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2014,43(6):423-428

The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a tubular structure in the roof of nasal cavity. The important role of this organ is olfaction of sexual odour. In this study, position, anatomical structure and histology of VNO in Iranian camels (camelus domesticus var. dromedaris persica) were determined. Fourteen healthy male camel heads were collected from an industrial slaughterhouse in Tehran, Iran, for anatomical and histological studies (seven each). The length of VNO and width of dental pad and the number and width of palatine crests were measured. For anatomical studies, the mandible was removed, and maxilla and nasal cavity was cut longitudinally and transversely. For histological studies, the mandible was removed, and first 0.5 cm of initial part of VNO was cut. Then, nasal cavity was cut in some segments with 2 cm thickness. The width of VNO was 3.85 ± 0.31 cm and 1.57 ± 0.18 cm in front and distal parts, respectively. The length of VNO was 15.61 ± 0.59 cm. In histological examinations, VNO was surrounded by J‐shape hyaline cartilage. The lining epithelium of lateral wall of VNO was originated from respiratory epithelium, while it had an olfactory epithelium origin in the medial wall. Lamina propria and tunica submucosa were a cavernous connective tissue with seromucous gland with abundant of serous secretory units. The lumen of VNO opens into nasal cavity. The presence of olfactory epithelium found in our study indicates an important role for VNO in pheromone perception and beginning of sexual behaviour.  相似文献   

Fecal carriage of multi-drug resistant and extended spectrum β-lactamases producing E. coli in household pigeons,Bangladesh     

Badrul Hasan  Kamrul Islam  Murshidul Ahsan  Zakir Hossain  Mahmudur Rashid  Bibhas Talukder  Kabir Uddin Ahmed  Björn Olsen  Mohammad Abul Kashem 《Veterinary microbiology》2014

Antibiotic resistance and ESBL constitute a risk to human and animal health. Birds residing close to humans could mirror the spectrum of human associated antibiotic resistance. Household pigeons were screened in Bangladesh to shed light on human associated, as well as, environmental antibiotic resistance. Escherichia coli from pigeons (n = 150) were tested against 11 antibiotics. 89% E. coli isolates were resistant to one or more critically important human antibiotics like ampicillin, cefadroxil, mecillinam, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and tigecycline. No carbapenamase-producers were detected and the lower ESBL prevalence (5%) in pigeons. ESBL-producing E. coli isolates had bla_CTX-M-15 genes. Pigeons shared some bacterial clones and had bird associated sequence types like E. coli ST1408. Fecal carriage of bacteria resistance of critically important human antibiotics, together with examples of shared genotypes among pigeons, indicate the human-birds and bird to bird transmissions are important in the epidemiology of antibiotic resistance.  相似文献   

Effect of short‐term supplementation with rumen‐protected fat during the late luteal phase on reproduction and metabolism of ewes     

N. M. Hashem  S. Z. El‐Zarkouny 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2014,98(1):65-71

This study was designed to study the effect of short‐term supplementation with rumen‐protected fat during the late luteal phase on reproduction and metabolism of sheep during breeding season. Seventy‐six ewes (Rahmani, Barki and Awassi × Barki) were allocated to two groups considering genotype: the control ewes (C‐group) received a maintenance diet, and the fat‐supplemented ewes (F‐group) received the maintenance diet plus 50 g/head/day of rumen‐ protected fat (Megalac) for 9 days during which oestrus was synchronized. The latter had been accomplished using double intramuscular injection of prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α) 11 days apart. Ovarian activity, serum concentration of cholesterol, glucose, insulin and reproductive performance variables were recorded. Data were analysed considering treatment (group) and genotype. Supplementation had positive effects on the overall mean serum concentrations of cholesterol (p < 0.05), glucose (p < 0.05) on day 6 of nutritional treatment and insulin (p = 0.07) on day 8. Fat supplementation did not affect the total number of follicles, follicle populations and ovulation rate. However, fat‐supplemented Rahmani ewes tended to have higher ovulation rate compared with other breeds (treatment × breed interaction, p = 0.06). Treatment also did not affect the mean concentration of serum estradiol or progesterone. Supplemented ewes had higher conception (p = 0.06) and lambing rates (p < 0.05) compared with control. In conclusion, short‐term supplementation with rumen‐protected fat as a source of energy around breeding time improved metabolism, conception and lambing rates of ewes without effects on steroidogenic capacity and ovarian activity being apparent.  相似文献   

Seed Size Variation and its Effects on Germination and Seedling Vigour in Rice   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. K. S. Roy    A. Hamid    M. Giashuddin  Miah A. Hashem 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(2):79-82

The extent of seed size variations within a rice variety and its effect on germination and seedling vigour were investigated. Seed size was determined by weighing individual grains of randomly selected one hundred panicles. Grains were sorted into four size classes: 11–15, 16–20, 21–25 and 25–30 mg. There was nearly a three-fold variation between the smallest and the largest seeds, which ranged from 11 to 30 mg. Germination rate and seedling vigour index values increased with the increase of seed size suggesting the selection of larger seeds for good stand establishment.  相似文献   

Mapping QTLs associated with root traits using two different populations in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

Muhammad Rezaul Kabir  Gang Liu  Panfeng Guan  Fei Wang  Abul Awlad Khan  Zhongfu Ni  Yingyin Yao  Zhaorong Hu  Mingming Xin  Huiru Peng  Qixin Sun 《Euphytica》2015,206(1):175-190

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Alleviation of cadmium phytotoxicity by magnesium in Japanese mustard spinach   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

MD. Abul KASHEM  Shigenao KAWAI 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2007,53(3):246-251

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Trace organics in septic tank effluent     

T. Viraraghavan  Simon Hashem 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1986,28(3-4):299-308

This paper reviews the available information and presents the results of a study undertaken to estimate the presence and level of certain trace organics in wastewater samples collected from a septic tank in an individual household, from a lift station, and from a waste treatment lagoon near Regina, Canada. Out of 11 priority pollutants analyzed, 6 priority pollutants — chloroform, bromodichloromethane, toluene, benzene, methylene chloride and tetrachloroethylene — were detected in the samples. Benzene and bromodichloromethane were dominant. Methylene chloride and tetrachloroethylene could not be quantified at the low concentrations present. Chloroform was present in the lagoon effluent sample once at a concentration of 0.03 μg L^?1. Toluene was not present either in the septic tank effluent or in the lagoon effluent. Benzene was present in the septic tank effluent (max. value 450 μg L^?1) and in the lagoon effluent (max. value 120 μg L^?1). Bromodichloromethane was present in the septic tank effluent and lagoon effluent at concentrations lower than 1.10 μg L^?1. The trace organics in the septic tank effluent and lagoon effluent at these comparatively low concentrations may not pose any significant risk either to aquatic life or to public health, taking into account the attentuation capacity of the soil and the dilution usually available.  相似文献