Alteration in important quality traits and antioxidant activities in Brassica oleracea with Ogura cybrid cytoplasm          下载免费PDF全文

Shyam S. Dey  Reeta Bhatia  Chander Parkash  Saharsh Sharma  Manish Dabral  Vibha Mishra  Ila Bhardwaj  Komal Sharma  Vinod Kumar Sharma  Raj Kumar 《Plant Breeding》2017,136(3):400-409

In vegetable brassicas, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) system is the most preferred mechanism for hybrid seed production and Ogura cybrid cytoplasm is the only source used widely. Effects of the alien cybrid cytoplasm on important quality traits need to be understood for their effective use in breeding programme. In analysing 38 Ogura cybrid cytoplasm‐based cauliflower CMS lines, it was revealed that introgression of Ogura cytoplasm resulted in significant alteration in important quality traits. Cupric reducing antioxidant activity and ferric reducing ability of plasma values were increased up to 5–10 times in different genotypes. Among 38 analysed CMS lines, concentration of plant pigments such as anthocyanin, total chlorophylls and ascorbic acid was reduced in 21, 17 and 32 genotypes, respectively. However, the concentration of total carotenoids and β‐carotene was elevated in most of the CMS lines and total carotenoid was increased up to 20 times in the CMS line, Ogu13‐85‐2A. The results indicate the role of nuclear–cytoplasmic interaction and mitochondrial genome in determining concentration of different quality traits.  相似文献   

Effect of conservation agriculture on soil organic and inorganic carbon sequestration and lability: A study from a rice–wheat cropping system on a calcareous soil of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains     

Abir Dey  Brahma Swaroop Dwivedi  Ranjan Bhattacharyya  Siba Prasad Datta  Mahesh Chand Meena  Raj K. Jat  Raj Kumar Gupta  Mangi Lal Jat  Vinod Kumar Singh  Debarup Das  Ravi G. Singh 《Soil Use and Management》2020,36(3):429-438

Increasing soil carbon (C) in arable soils is an important strategy to achieve sustainable yields and mitigate climate change. We investigated changes in soil organic and inorganic carbon (SOC and SIC) under conservation agriculture (CA) in a calcareous soil of the eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. The treatments were as follows: conventional-till rice and wheat (CT-CT), CT rice and zero-till wheat (CT-ZT), ZT direct seeded rice (DSR) and CT wheat (ZT-CT), ZTDSR and ZT wheat without crop residue retention (ZT-ZT), ZT-ZT with residue (ZT-ZT+R), and DSR and wheat both on permanent beds with residue (PB-PB+R). The ZT-ZT+R had the highest total SOC in both 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil layers (20% and 40% higher (p < .05) than CT-CT, respectively), whereas total SIC decreased by 11% and 15% in the respective layers under ZT-ZT+R compared with CT-CT. Non-labile SOC was the largest pool, followed by very labile, labile and less labile SOC. The benefits of ZT and residue retention were greatest for very labile SOC, which showed a significant (p < .05) increase (~50%) under ZT-ZT+R compared with CT-CT. The ZT-ZT+R sequestered ~2 Mg ha⁻¹ total SOC in the 0–15 cm soil layer in 6 years, where CT registered significant losses. Thus, the adoption of CA should be recommended in calcareous soils, for C sequestration, and also as a reclamation technique.  相似文献   

Disposition kinetics and dosage regimen of levofloxacin on concomitant administration with paracetamol in crossbred calves     

Vinod K. Dumka 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2007,8(4):357-360

The disposition kinetics of levofloxacin was investigated in six male crossbred calves following single intravenous administration, at a dose of 4 mg/kg body weight, into the jugular vein subsequent to a single intramuscular injection of paracetamol (50 mg/kg). At 1 min after the injection of levofloxacin, the concentration of levofloxacin in plasma was 17.2 ± 0.36 µg/ml, which rapidly declined to 6.39 ± 0.16 µg/ml at 10 min. The drug level above the MIC₉₀ in plasma, was detected for up to 10 h. Levofloxacin was rapidly distributed from blood to the tissue compartment as evidenced by the high values of the distribution coefficient, α (17.3 ± 1.65 /h) and the ratio of K₁₂/K₂₁ (1.83 ± 0.12). The values of AUC and Vd_area were 12.7 ± 0.12 µg.h/ml and 0.63 ± 0.01 l/kg. The high ratio of the AUC/MIC (126.9 ± 1.18) obtained in this study indicated the excellent antibacterial activity of levofloxacin in calves. The elimination half-life, MRT and total body clearance were 1.38 ± 0.01 h, 1.88 ± 0.01 h and 0.32 ± 0.003 l/kg/h, respectively. Based on the pharmacokinetic parameters, an appropriate intravenous dosage regimen for levofloxacin would be 5 mg/kg repeated at 24 h intervals when prescribed with paracetamol in calves.  相似文献   

Detection of OvHV-2 from an outbreak of sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever from crossbred cattle of Southern India     

N. Vinod Kumar  B. Sreedevi  A. Karthik  S. Vijaya Lakshmi  A. Geetha Reddy  D. Sreenivasulu 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(4):323-328

An outbreak of sheep associated malignant catarrhal fever in crossbred cattle in a village of Andhra Pradesh, southern India, affected thirteen adult cows and two calves from a population of forty animals. All the affected animals were died between December and January 2013–14. The clinical and gross postmortem findings were typical of MCF in Indian crossbred cattle. Migrating sheep flocks were suspected source of infection for the cattle. The diagnosis was confirmed by heminested PCR in all the affected cattle and the suspected sheep flock. The PCR provided evidence of ovine herpes virus type 2.  相似文献   

Marker‐assisted backcross breeding to combine multiple rust resistance in wheat          下载免费PDF全文

Niharika Mallick  Vinod  J. B. Sharma  R.S. Tomar  M. Sivasamy  K.V. Prabhu 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(2):172-177

A widely grown but rust susceptible Indian wheat variety HD2932 was improved for multiple rust resistance by marker‐assisted transfer of genes Lr19, Sr26 and Yr10. Foreground and background selection processes were practised to transfer targeted genes with the recovery of the genome of HD2932. The near‐isogenic lines (NILs) of HD2932 carrying Lr19, Sr26 and Yr10 were individually produced from two backcrosses with recurrent parent HD2932. Marker‐assisted background selection of NILs with 94.38–98.46% of the HD2932 genome facilitated rapid recovery of NILs carrying Lr19, Sr26 and Yr10. In the BC₂F₂ generation, NILs were intercrossed and two gene combinations of Lr19+Yr10, Sr26 + Yr10 and Lr19+Sr26 were produced. A total of 16 progeny of two gene combinations of homozygous NILs of HD2932 have been produced, which are under seed increase for facilitating the replacement of the susceptible HD2932 with three of the sixteen improved backcross lines with resistance to multiple rusts.  相似文献   

Biochemical and histopathological studies to assess chronic toxicity of triazophos in blood, liver and brain tissue of rats     

Smita JainRafat S. Ahmed  Vinod Kumar AroraBasu Dev Banerjee 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,100(2):182-186

Triazophos, O,O-diethyl-1-H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl phosphorothioate, (TZ) is an organophosphorus pesticide which is extensively used in agriculture for controlling insect pests. Except a FAO/WHO report no study has investigated its short-term toxicity with respect to its potential to cause biochemical and histopathological alterations. The present study was designed to identify the effect of TZ at different doses (1.64, 3.2 and 8.2 mg/kg) on the oxidative stress parameters in blood as well as organs involved in xenobiotic metabolism (liver and brain) following chronic exposure for 90 days. Moreover, the study also delineates the effect of TZ on the histo-architecture of these organs. The results indicated a dose dependent induction (p < 0.001) of oxidative stress, as evident by increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level and compromised antioxidant defense including glutathione S transferase (GST) activity, glutathione (GSH) content and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) in blood, and increased MDA level with concomitantly decreased GSH content in tissues, following chronic exposure to TZ. The ratio of MDA: FRAP in blood was found to be increased following chronic exposure to TZ and may serve as a suitable indicator of severity of oxidative damage. Onset of such biochemical alterations is one of the early adaptive responses to TZ exposure which leads to histopathological alterations in terms of diffuse fatty changes expanding from mid-zonal area to whole lobule in liver. However, increased oxidative stress did not bring any morphological alteration in brain. The present study concludes that induction of oxidative stress, leading to subsequent histopathological alterations in liver, is an important mechanism underlying the TZ induced chronic toxicity.  相似文献   

Adsorption Behaviour of Basic Dyes on the Humic Acid Immobilized Pillared Clay   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

V. P. Vinod  T. S. Anirudhan 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2003,150(1-4):193-217

In this work, the adsorption of three basic dyes, namely methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV) and rhodamine B (RB) on the humic acid (HA) immobilized pillared clay (PILC) (HA-PILC) was studied. The adsorption capacity of dyes at 30 °C using HA–PILC was foundto be 2.6, 2.0 and 2.3 times greater than that using PILC for the removal of MB, CV and RB, respectively for an initial concentrationof 250 μmol dm^-3. The adsorption process was pH dependent. The maximum dye adsorption on HA-PILC was observed at a pH of 5.0–7.0 (removal of 95.2–99.2% for MB, 92.7–97.3% for CV and 83.4–91.0% for RB) with no significant increase in removalsbeyond a pH of 7.0. The adsorption process could be best describedby the Urano and Tachikawa model showing that particle diffusion controlled adsorption. Equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. Dye adsorption was best described by the Freundlich model. The monolayer adsorption capacities of HA-PILC calculated using the Langmuir isotherm were 608.4, 484.7 and 413.1 μmol g^-1 for MB, CV and RB, respectively. The linear Sheindorf-Rebhun-Sheintuch equation (Multicomponent Freundlich-type), was applied to the isotherm data obtained for each binary-solute combination of MB, CV and RB. The study showed that HA-PILC was an excellent media for the removal of basic dyes from aqueous solutions, based on adsorption kinetics and capacity.  相似文献   

Multi-Block Data Modeling for Characterization of Soil Contamination: A Case Study     

Kunwar P. Singh  Amrita Malik  Sarita Sinha  Vinod K. Singh 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2007,185(1-4):79-93

Multi-block (heavy metals, pesticides, physico-chemical parameters) data set pertaining to the soils of alluvium region in Indo-Gangetic plains was analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple factor analysis (MFA) methods to delineate the contaminated sites and to identify the possible contamination sources in the study region. In normal PCA, the first three factors were dominated mainly by heavy metals, pesticides and physico-chemical variables, respectively, thus identifying samples/sites contaminated with these. The MFA results, due to its unique weighting scheme of variables of different blocks extracted, to more realistic information about the spatial distribution of samples and relationships among the variables. MFA minimized the influence of variables of one single block on the first few components, allowing variables of all blocks equally to share the common MFA space. This resulted in delineating the sites/regions contaminated with variables (Al, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Na, SO₄, aldrin, lindane, HCB, HCH, DDT, and endosulfan) of all the blocks, rather than by particular block variables as in case of normal PCA, where, the variables of single block dominate the first factors, suppressing other block variables. MFA which can be considered as a method for standardization of the multi-block variables was successfully applied to the three block data set of soils.  相似文献   

Measurement of genetic dissimilarity in fieldpea (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pisum sativum</Emphasis> L.) genotypes using RAPD markers     

Vinod Kumar Yadav  Sandeep Kumar  Ravindra K. Panwar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2007,54(6):1285-1289

The present investigation was carried out on fifteen germplasm lines of Pisum sativum L. were used for characterization using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. While 12 random primers were taken, out of them 11 primers gave amplification. These primers gave a total of 133 bands out of which 106 were polymorphic. Genetic similarities of the RAPD profiles were estimated by using Jaccard’s coefficient with NTSYSpc 2.0 software. The similarity index values ranged from 0.263 to 0.793 indicating the presence of enormous genetic diversity at molecular level. A dendrogram generated by cluster analysis divided fifteen fieldpea genotypes into two Groups A and B. Major Group A have five genotypes and major Group B have nine genotypes.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetics following intravenous administration and pharmacodynamics of cefquinome in buffalo calves     

Venkatathalam Dinakaran  Vinod Kumar Dumka  Bibhuti Ranjan  Ramalingam Balaje  Pritam Kaur Sidhu 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(7):1509-1512

Disposition following single intravenous injection (2 mg/kg) and pharmacodynamics of cefquinome were investigated in buffalo calves 6–8 months of age. Drug levels in plasma were estimated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The plasma concentration–time profile following intravenous administration was best described by a two-compartment open model. Rapid distribution of cefquinome was evident from the short distribution half-life (t _½α ?=?0.36?±?0.01 h), and small apparent volume of distribution (Vd_area?=?0.31?±?0.008 L/kg) indicated limited drug distribution in buffalo calves. The values of area under plasma concentration–time curve, elimination half-life (t _½β ), total body clearance (Cl_B), and mean residence time were 32.9?±?0.56 μg·h/mL, 3.56?±?0.05 h, 60.9?±?1.09 mL/h/kg, and 4.24?±?0.09 h, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of cefquinome were 0.035–0.07 and 0.05–0.09 μg/mL, respectively. A single intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg may be effective to maintain the MIC up to 12 h in buffalo calves against the pathogens for which cefquinome is indicated.  相似文献