苹果粗皮病与锰含量的关系   总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14  

叶优良  张福锁  于忠范  姜学玲 《果树学报》2002,19(4):219-222

对胶东半岛部分发生苹果粗皮病(IBN)的果园的土壤和植株进行了分析测定,结果表明:发生苹果粗皮病的果园土壤有效锰含量较高,而且粗皮病严重果园高于粗皮病较轻果园。发生粗皮病的苹果树花器官中锰含量较高,粗皮病最严重的姜格庄果园苹果树花器官中锰平均含量比观水镇高出139.28mg/kg,比季家埠重病园和轻病园分别高122.34和182.19mg/kg。从4月到10月,苹果粗皮病逐渐加重,叶片中锰含量逐步增高。10月份姜格庄果园最高锰含量达1717.85mg/kg,平均锰含量达1119.69mg/kg,而粗皮病较轻的季家埠果园则仅306.03mg/kg,前者比后者高265.88%。对不同部位锰含量测定表明,锰含量在叶片中最高,其次是韧皮部,木质部最低。表明胶东半岛苹果粗皮病的发生是因为锰过量。可能是土壤锰含量高,pH值低,降雨多,施肥不合理等,造成土壤锰有效性增加.导致树体吸收过量而出现粗皮病害。  相似文献   

环切对糯米糍荔枝果实大小和裂果的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李建国  黄辉白  黄旭明 《果树学报》2004,21(4):379-381

结果母枝和主枝环切处理导致糯米糍荔枝的果实大小显著减小,裂果率显著增加,环切圈以上叶片中可溶性糖和淀粉的含量显著增加,结果母枝中的可溶性糖含量增加,果实中的总糖与蔗糖含量则显著地降低。据此认为,近几年来,糯米糍的果个比20世纪80年代明显减小,裂果增加,很可能与生产中多年连续施行主枝环切(或环剥)技术有关,而碳水化合物运入果实量的减少可能是环切导致果实变小的原因之一。  相似文献   

Effects of different ecological and silvicultural factors on beetle catches in the Turkish fir (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Abies bornmülleriana</Emphasis> Mattf.) ecosystems     

Oktay Yıldız  Derya Eşen  Süleyman Akbulut 《Journal of pest science》2007,80(3):145-150

To study the bark beetle attacks on Turkish fir stands and to determine the principle site and stand factors influencing beetle attacks, trap log method was used in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. The study was carried out in ten different locations prior to flying time in February 2003. On each experimental plot, three healthy fir trees with 30–50 cm diameter and 200 m apart were cut down with a chainsaw. From each sampling tree, needles were sub-sampled for determination of specific leaf-area and macro-nutrient concentrations. In addition, on each experimental plot, crown closure, basal-area, and stand density were measured. To determine the bulk density and nutrient concentrations of the soil, samples were taken around trees on each plot. The relationship between measured stand variables, the number of beetle species and beetle populations were evaluated using correlation and stepwise multiple regression procedure. Eight different species belonging to four different families from Coleoptera were identified in examining the trap logs. Six of these eight species (Pissodes piceae Illig., Pissodes notatus Fabr., Cryphalus piceae Ratz., Pityophthorus pityographus Ratz., Xyloterus lineatus Oliv., Pityokteines curvidens Germ.) were identified as harmful beetles (HB). The other two (Thanasimus formicarius L. and Rhizophagus dispar Payk.) were identified as predator species. The analysis showed that the total number of HB increased as the site’s slope and needle specific leaf area increased. However, as needle N concentrations increased, HB population decreased. Increased Ca concentration in fir needle reduced total insect attack.  相似文献   

Host selection of small cedar longicorn beetle, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Callidiellum rufipenne</Emphasis> (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae), on Japanese cedar, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis>, in terms of bark water content of host trees     

Masafumi Ueda  Ei’ichi Shibata 《Journal of Forest Research》2007,12(4):320-324

We caught the adults of a secondary wood-boring insect, Callidiellum rufipenne (Motschulsky), on Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica D. Don., trees and logs with manipulated bark water contents to clarify the mechanism of host selection by C. rufipenne. More C. rufipenne were trapped when the bark water content range was ca. 120–200%. Fewer C. rufipenne were trapped at higher and lower bark water contents. These findings indicate that C. rufipenne adults do not simply select weakened or dying trees. Bark water content is one of important factors for C. rufipenne choosing their host for oviposition.  相似文献   

树皮人造板及相关建筑材料的制备和应用     

袁东  王晓军  兰拓  曹旗  张双保 《林产工业》2004,31(3):7-9

介绍了利用木质树皮制备人造板及相关建筑材料的生产工艺技术及其产品的特性,提出了木质树皮板的应用前景。  相似文献   

Knotwood and bark extracts: strong antioxidants from waste materials     

Suvi P. Pietarinen  Stefan M. Willför  Markku O. Ahotupa  Jarl E. Hemming  Bjarne R. Holmbom 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(5):436-444

The antioxidant properties of hydrophilic extracts of knotwood of several industrially important tree species were evaluated by lipid-peroxidation inhibition and peroxyl-trapping capacity tests. The results were compared with the antioxidant properties of hydrophilic extracts of bark, and pure lignans and flavonoids isolated from knotwood extracts. The knot extracts from several tree species were stronger antioxidants than the bark extracts, which can, however, also be classified as strong antioxidants. In addition, the antioxidant properties of most of the knotwood extracts are stronger than the pure compounds. It is concluded that knotwood is a rich source of natural antioxidants.  相似文献   

黑荆树树皮单宁组分研究——Ⅲ.原花色素的分离鉴定及其~(13)C NMR特征(英文)     

沈兆邦  虞启庄  陈祥  沈宏毅  肖尊琰 《林产化学与工业》1991,(2)

从我国江西四年生黑荆树(Acacia mearnsii)树皮单宁中分离鉴定了三个二聚原花色素:刺槐亭醇-(4α→8)-儿茶素、菲瑟亭醇-(4β→8)-儿茶素和刺槐亭醇-(4β→8)-儿茶素。其中刺槐亭醇-(4β→8)-儿茶素为首次从黑荆树树皮中以天然形式分离得到,为一新天然化合物。文中首次对黑剂树树皮二聚原花色素的~(13)CNMR进行了报道,并就其特征和确定二聚原花色素的相对和绝对构型进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Axial variations in anatomical properties and basic density of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis 3 E. urophylla) clones     

S K Sharma  S R Shukla  S Shashikala  V Sri Poornima 《林业研究》2015,(3)

We studied two clones of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis 9 E. urophylla), GR283 and GR330, grown in Tumkur district of Karnataka (India), and felled 5–6 years old three trees of each clo...  相似文献   

救必应水提物与抗菌药联用对产ESBLs细菌的抑制效果     

宋剑武  陈秋莹  夏娟  陆云  郑艳青  司红彬 《广西农业科学》2014,45(8):1470-1473

【目的】探讨救必应水提取物与抗菌药联合诱导细菌传代的体外抑菌活性,为救必应的综合开发利用提供参考依据。【方法】采用96孔反应板二倍微量稀释法体外检测救必应水提取物与抗菌药的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）,并以1/2 MIC的救必应水提取物与抗菌药联合诱导产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（Extended spectrum beta-lactamases,ESBLs）细菌传代,然后用微量棋盘稀释法测定救必应水提取物与抗菌药联合作用后的部分抑菌浓度指数（FICI）。【结果】救必应水提取物的MIC为1.0 g/mL,以0.5g/mL的救必应水提取物与阿莫西林、左氧氟沙星、克林沙星、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、加替沙星、头孢噻呋钠6种抗菌药联合诱导产ESBLs细菌传代后MIC显著降低,联用后的FICI分别为0.375、0.750、0.750、0.515、0.750和0.750。【结论】救必应水提取物可明显增强抗菌药对产ESBLs细菌的抗菌活性,且呈协同或相加作用。  相似文献   

树皮内含物对香梨优斑螟寄主选择的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马姝岑  侯世星  吴芳  朱银飞  温俊宝 《西北农业学报》2014,23(3):186-192

为了明确香梨优斑螟的寄主选择和寄主树皮内含物对寄主选择的影响,调查研究野外香梨优斑螟在不同寄主植物上的危害情况和室内幼虫的取食选择,并对寄主植物树皮中几种内含物含量与香梨优斑螟的寄主选择关系进行分析。结果表明:在野外,不同寄主植物的受害率、平均虫口数及最大虫口数,均为香梨树苹果树枣树,但枣树的蛹与幼虫的比值高于苹果;室内幼虫取食选择试验,幼虫对4种寄主植物的选择存在显著差异,香梨树枣树砀山梨树苹果树,推测枣树为香梨优斑螟潜在的高风险寄主。香梨优斑螟幼虫的寄主选择与单一的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、总糖、氨基酸和单宁含量均无显著相关,与4种树的碳氮比(r=-0.960,P0.05)和总酚含量(r=-0.900,P0.05)呈显著负相关,均衡的营养和较低的取食抑制物含量是香梨优斑螟选择寄主植物的标准。  相似文献