火龙果镰刀菌果腐病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

朱迎迎  高兆银  李敏  陈亮  胡美姣 《热带作物学报》2016,37(1):164-171

采用形态学特征观察、rDNA-ITS序列、EF-1α序列比对和系统发育树分析的方法对引起火龙果镰刀菌果腐病病原菌进行鉴定,并初步研究其生物学特性。结果表明:引起火龙果镰刀菌果腐病是单隔镰刀菌(Fusarium dimerum Penzig in Saccardo),这是该菌引起火龙果果腐病在国内的首次报道。该菌菌丝生长的适宜温度25~35℃,最适温度30℃,适宜产孢温度25~35℃,最适产孢温度30~35℃,致死温度75℃(10 min);适宜pH5~9,最适pH7,最适产孢pH4;连续光照、D-果糖为碳源、牛肉膏和蛋白胨为氮源时最有利于该菌菌丝生长;完全黑暗、D-半乳糖为碳源、尿素为氮源时最有利于该菌产孢。综合分析认为,该菌耐高温,光照充足、弱酸和富含有机营养的环境有利于该菌的生长和繁殖。  相似文献   

东北玉米杂交种对茎腐病的抗性鉴定     

付立新  杨剑飞  胡少新  龚士琛  李国良  扈光辉  王明泉  王志国  李永刚 《现代农业科技》2023,(10):30-33

采用田间人工接种鉴定方法,对50份玉米杂交种进行抗性鉴定。结果表明：玉米杂交种接种病原菌后,均有不同程度的茎腐病发生;表现高抗、抗、中抗、感、高感的杂交种分别为9份、11份、6份、11份、13份,占比分别为18%、22%、12%、22%、26%;抗性水平较好的杂交种共有26份,占比52%。  相似文献   

Influence of P and K fertilization on Phytophthora root rot or excess soil water injury of alfalfa cultivars     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(2):229-243

Abstract

Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is an important disease of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in wet soils. Excess soil water (ESW) stress is required for the successful infection and development of PRR. The effects of P at 0, 40, and 80 μg.g^‐1 soil and K at 0, 120, and 240 μg.g^‐1 soil (in factorial combinations) on the severity of PRR or ESW stress was investigated on a PRR‐susceptible (Iroquois) and a resistant (Oneida) alfalfa cultivar in a greenhouse trial. P and K applications significantly increased the dry weight of tops prior to imposition of PRR or ESW stress. However, plants subjected to PRR or ESW stress did not respond significantly to P or K and there was no significant effect of P or K on the severity of PRR or ESW injury. The plants subjected to PRR or ESW stress had lower tissue P concentration than those under stress‐free conditions. Increasing P additions resulted in a significant increase in P concentration of Iroquois plants, while in Oneida the response was non‐significant. The response of K concentration in the plant to increasing K additions was dependant on P levels.  相似文献   

核桃腐烂病的发生与防治   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

白岗栓 《陕西林业科技》2000,(1):38-40

略述了核桃腐烂病的危害症状、发病规律和适宜发病的生态环境 ,指出该病的防治方法  相似文献   

ＦＲ—１、ＦＲ—２及ＰＦ树脂对木材阻燃、防腐、尺寸稳定等效果的研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

蒋明亮  刘秀英  吕慧梅 《林业科学》2001,37(1):121-125

功能性改良药剂ＦＲ－１、ＦＲ－２及ＰＦ树脂处理马尾松、毛白杨后对木材阻燃、防腐、尺寸稳定及ＭＯＥ／ＭＯＲ的研究结果表明，ＦＲ－１处理的马尾松吸药量为３４．５kg/m^3时，氧指数可达６１％。ＦＲ－１处理的马尾松、毛白杨达到阻燃标准时，其用药理根据板材的厚度进行了初步确定，剂量范围为３０－９０kg/m^3。ＦＲ－１及ＦＲ－２在达到阻燃用药量的同时，处理后的马尾松、毛白杨耐腐试验的重量损失率小于或按拉１０％。ＦＲ－１处理的马尾松、毛白杨、吸药量分别为７５．６及９３．５kg/m^3时，吸水至饱和时，木材抗湿胀率（antiswelling ef-ficacy,ASE)分别为３０％、４６％；ＰＦ树脂处理的马尾松、毛白杨 、吸药量分别为７９．０％、６３．８kg/m^3时，ＡＳＥ分别为４６．２％、４１．４％。各处理对抗弯弹性模具（ＭＯＥ）影响为，ＦＲ－１处理的马尾松，ＭＯＥ差异不明显，ＦＲ－１处理的毛白杨，ＭＯＥ增加幅度为６．１％，ＰＦ树脂处理的马尾松，毛白杨、ＭＯＥ增加幅度分别为１０．６％及１７．９％。ＦＲ－１处理的马尾松、毛白杨对抗弯强度（ＭＯＲ）影响不明显。  相似文献   

Compressive and tensile properties of a butt-jointed lamination model     

Anim Boanyo?DansohEmail author  Akio?Koizumi  Takuro?Hirai 《Journal of Wood Science》2003,49(5):405-410

A study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of glue application and placement of butt-joints on the compressive and tensile properties in a butt-jointed lamination. The aim was to provide background information for producing butt-jointed, glued, laminated timber. Three butt-jointed lamination models were prepared from spruce-pine-fir (S-P-F) dimension lumber with glued and nonglued butt joints, with different placements of the butt joints in the models. The axial stiffness and strength properties were assessed using both compressive and tensile tests. The results of the study indicated that for the compressive lamination model the application of glue at the butt joint gave more stiffness than the nonglued butt joint. Neither glue application nor placement of the joint had a statistically significant effect on the compressive strength. There were no significant differences between the glued and nonglued butt joint for either tensile strength or stiffness.  相似文献   

原条量材设计有向图及其解的研究     

车成森  朱永林 《东北林业大学学报》1991,19(5):119-123

原条量材设计是在原条造材前对原条各部位用途进行优化设计的过程。本文在国内外有关专家的研究基础上,提出用图论中的有向图理论,解决原条量材设计中的优化问题。用锯口线为点x_d,两个锯口线间的木段为弧y_n,描绘出由点集X和弧集Y组成的原条量材设计有向图T=(X,Y)。由于弧的权ω_(ij)是由木段的售价赋给,且保证ω_(ij)≥0,故用Dij kstra算法,求出最佳木材利用率下原条售价最高的路。  相似文献   

牛烂蹄坏尾病致病弯角镰刀菌代谢产物分离鉴定     

蒋晓春  张乃生  臧家仁  李毓义 《中国兽医学报》1994,(2)

取金寨县耕牛烂蹄坏尾病致病弯角镰刀菌的玉米培养物，用丙酮提取，硅胶净化，制备型硅胶大板分离，得到无色针状结晶体，经质谱和红外光谱分析，并经相关谱图数据库联机检索、甄别，按其分子量、化学式及结构式确定为麦角甾醇，从而证实了致牛烂蹄坏尾病的弯角镰刀菌可产生麦角甾醇。  相似文献   

Influence of exogenous ethylene during refrigerated storage on storability and quality of Actinidia chinensis (cv. Hort16A)     

Thamarath PranamornkithAndrew East  Julian Heyes 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2012,64(1):1-8

The kiwifruit industry was established on fruit of Actinidia deliciosa (‘Hayward’), which is known as a climacteric fruit with high sensitivity to ethylene. In recent times fruit from Actinidia chinensis have become a substantial component of the kiwifruit market. There is limited information about the sensitivity of A. chinensis to ethylene during refrigerated storage and hence current ethylene management practices for A. chinensis mimic those established for A. deliciosa. This research aimed to quantify the effect of ethylene during refrigerated storage on A. chinensis (‘Hort16A’) quality (firmness, colour and total soluble solids). Three grower lines were stored at 1.5 °C, 95% RH with ethylene in the range of 0.001-1 μL L⁻¹ applied to the environment after 3 weeks of storage for the remainder of storage (17 weeks). Fruit quality was assessed at regular intervals. Loss of firmness was found to be very sensitive to ethylene, with significant differences between fruit stored in 0.001 μL L⁻¹ (as a control) and 0.1 μL L⁻¹ occurring after 2 weeks of exposure. Fruit exposed to 1 μL L⁻¹ ethylene not only rapidly softened, but also increased in hue angle (greenness) and reduced in lightness (darkened) further reducing the quality of the yellow coloured kiwifruit cultivar. Total soluble solids were not heavily influenced by ethylene exposure, with grower differences being maintained throughout the experiment. This work demonstrates that A. chinensis (cv. Hort16A) fruit firmness and colour will be influenced by the ethylene conditions in a commercial storage environment by advancing ripening and senescence.  相似文献   

莴笋根茎部病害的病状特征及防治措施     

鲁广宇 《农业灾害研究》2019,(4):26-27,39

对莴笋灰霉病、腐败病、软腐病这3种常见莴笋根茎部病害的病原、侵染循环、流行规律、危害症状进行了探讨,最后提出相应的综合防治措施。  相似文献