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天牛科昆虫是危害严重的林业害虫,给林业生产造成重大损失。昆虫信息化合物的鉴定及应用,在害虫综合治理(IPM)中发挥着重要的作用。到目前为止,已从100多种天牛科物种中鉴定出信息化合物质,天牛亚科(Cerambycinae)、沟胫天牛亚科(Lamiinae)和椎天牛亚科(Spondylidinae)鉴定出雄性天牛的聚集信息素组分,花天牛亚科(Lepturinae)和锯天牛亚科(Prioninae)物种主要是鉴定出雌性天牛释放性的性信息素组分。这些信息素组分在不同亚科、不同属和种之间重叠率高,同一种组分可以在多种天牛物种中发挥作用,调节昆虫行为活动的信息化学物质在害虫治理中具有应用潜力和广阔的前景。对国内外已研究的天牛科信息素组分进行系统分析,可为今后鉴定新的天牛科信息素组分提供依据,加快我国天牛科信息素组分鉴定和应用进程。 相似文献
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Long term data to estimate population trends among species are generally lacking. However, Natural History Collections (NHCs) can provide such information, but may suffer from biases due to varying sampling effort. To analyze population trends and range-abundance dynamics of Swedish longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), we used collections of 108 species stretching over 100 years. We controlled for varying sampling effort by using the total number of database records as a reference for non-red-listed species. Because the general frequency of red-listed species increased over time, a separate estimate of sampling effort was used for that group. We observed large interspecific variation in population changes, from declines of 60% to several hundred percent increases. Most species showed stable or increasing ranges, whereas few seemed to decline in range. Among increasing species, rare species seemed to expand their range more than common species did, but this pattern was not observed in declining species. Historically, rare species did not seem to be at larger risk of local extinction, and population declines were mostly due to lower population density and not loss of sub-populations. We also evaluated the species’ declines under IUCN red-list criterion A, and four currently not red-listed species meet the suggested threshold for Near Threatened (NT). The results also suggested that species’ declines may be overlooked if estimated only from changes in species range. 相似文献
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天牛成虫胸部的发音和行为（鞘翅目：天牛科） 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文研究了15种天牛成虫的发音及其有关的行为。天牛两性对外界不同强度的刺激能作出反应,并借助胸部发音器的摩擦而发音。波形照片显示:天牛的声波信号因种不同差异极大,其频率范围约3000—10000Hz。楝星天牛可借助鞘翅的运动而发出强烈的声音以恐吓敌害,其胸部摩擦发音器则趋于退化。某些天牛雄虫在争夺雌虫、交配前和交配中,可发出不同的声波,这类声波的生物学意义尚待进一步研究。 相似文献
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吉林省天牛科（Cerambycidae）昆虫区系初析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以１２２种天牛昆虫为资料，对吉林省天牛科昆虫区系作了系统研究．在昆虫地理区划上属于古北地区，中国——喜马拉雅山亚地区．从起源上，东部地区以东方种类为主，西部地区以中亚细亚及东方成分为主，在水平分布上，其种类数量由东到西逐渐减少，危害程度逐渐增大，而垂直分布，随着海拔增高，种类减少．青杨脊虎天牛、青杨楔天牛、光肩星天牛、云杉大墨天牛等４种为主要林木害虫．光胸膜花天牛（ＮｅｃｙｄａｌｉｓｐｅｎｎａｔａＬｅｗｉｓ）属吉林省新记录． 相似文献
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天牛是鞘翅目中为害林木、园林绿化树木和果树的一类重要钻蛀性害虫。从天牛种类与为害、迁移与扩散、种群动态与环境的关系、种群空间格局与抽样技术以及自然种群生命表及应用等方面系统地评述了我国天牛类害虫的种群生态学研究进展，并提出研究中存在的问题及展望。 相似文献
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To investigate the reproductive traits and diel activity ofMonochamus saltuarius, 14 pairs of the adults were reared and observed at each of 20°C and 25°C. Both sexes were more active at 25°C than at 20°C
irrespective of the presence or absence of light. A diel change in behavior during 24 h was found on 33% of a total of 48
observations of three age classes of both sexes. No significant difference was found in the mean longevity between sexes or
between the two temperature conditions. The time required for reproductive maturation showed no significant difference within
the same sex when reared at 20°C and 25°C. The mean oviposition period was significantly longer at 25°C (28.8 days) than at
20°C (12.2 days). The mean lifetime fecundity was significantly greater at 25°C than at 20°C. There was no significant difference
in the oviposition ratio (number of eggs deposited/number of oviposition wounds excavated), oviposition rate or hatchability
for females between the two temperature conditions. 相似文献
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The response of adult females of Monochamus alternatus to volatiles of non-host plants was evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer. Eight non-host plant species were tested, namely
Broussonetia papyrifera, Cedrus deodara, Firmiana simplex, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Platycladus orientalis, Populus
xiaohei, Salix babylonica and Sophora japonica. The volatiles of all test species, except those of C. deodara, repelled the females in the olfactometer bioassays. Oviposition by adult females on the host plant, Pinus massoniana, was deterred by the volatiles of non-host plants and by some other chemicals. Volatiles of P. orientalis had the strongest oviposition-deterring activity and those of S. japonica the least. Volatiles of C. deodara had no influence on oviposition of the females. Selected chemicals, namely benzaldehyde, citronellal, essential oil of Mentha spicata, eucalyptol, nerolidol, nicotine and salicylaldehyde, strongly deterred the females from oviposition, and nicotine caused
maximum decrease in egg-laying and scar-excavation. 相似文献
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通过对全地区杨树害虫的多年调查的结果表明：害虫种类多，主要以毒蛾类、刺蛾类和天牛类等的为害重，本文针对杨树主要害虫的发生危害特点，提出了相应的防治措施。 相似文献