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1.
以国内部分圈养的健康华南虎Panthera tigris amoyensis作为研究对象,通过收集华南虎血液生化报告和采集华南虎血液样本检测建立样本数据,血样检测采用自动血液生化分析仪干式试剂片生化技术测定,测定血液生化指标包括血糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇(CHOL)、总胆红素(TBIL)、肌酐(CREA)等。得到华南虎血液生化共38项指标的正常参考值范围(95%概率),其中几项主要指标正常值范围如下:GLU(2.82-11.55)mmol/L、TP(56.58-85.93)g/L、CHOL(3.32-8.66)μmol/L、TBIL(0-5.30)μmol/L、CREA(52-349)μmol/L等。统计结果显示,雌雄华南虎间血液生化指标的部分项目有差异(P <0.05),幼龄组和成年组间各项生化指标差异不显著(P >0.05),与其他虎亚种相关血液生化报道的生化指标部分有差别。华南虎血液生化指标正常参考值范围不同于其他虎亚种,建立华南虎血液生化指标正常值对华南虎的饲养管理、疾病诊治预防和保育繁殖研究工作有重要作用。 相似文献
2.
壶瓶山自然保护区华南虎野外调查及栖息地评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
湖南省壶瓶山是森林和野生动物类型的国家级自然保护区,是近几年发现华南虎Panthera tigris amoyensis证据较多的区域.中美华南虎联合调查队于2001年10～12月采用访问调查法、样带调查法、痕迹调查法和红外线自动照相技术等目前国际国内通用的方法和技术,对该保护区进行了调查.此次调查虽未得到华南虎存在的确切证据,但较系统地调查了该区域的生境状况,初步评价了华南虎的生存环境.该区域历史上是华南虎分布较多的区域.经分析,目前仍具备华南虎生存的基本条件,是以后实施华南虎重引入工程较为理想的试验基地.表2参13 相似文献
3.
John SEIDENSTICKER 《Integrative zoology》2010,5(4):285-299
Wild tigers are being annihilated. Tiger range countries and their partners met at the 1st Asian Ministerial Conference on Tiger Conservation in January 2010 to mandate the creation of the Global Tiger Recovery Program to double the number of tigers by 2022. Only 3200–3600 wild adult tigers remain, approximately half of the population estimated a decade ago. Tigers now live in only 13 countries, all of which are experiencing severe environmental challenges and degradation from the effects of human population growth, brisk economic expansion, rapid urbanization, massive infrastructure development and climate change. The overarching challenge of tiger conservation, and the conservation of biodiversity generally, is that there is insufficient demand for the survival of wild tigers living in natural landscapes. This allows the criminal activities of poaching wild tigers and their prey and trafficking in tiger derivatives to flourish and tiger landscapes to be diminished. The Global Tiger Recovery Program will support scaling up of practices already proven effective in one or more tiger range countries that need wider policy support, usually resources, and new transnational actions that enhance the effectiveness of individual country actions. The program is built on robust National Tiger Recovery Priorities that are grouped into themes: (i) strengthening policies that protect tigers; (ii) protecting tiger conservation landscapes; (iii) scientific management and monitoring; (iv) engaging communities; (v) cooperative management of international tiger landscapes; (vi) eliminating transnational illegal wildlife trade; (vii) persuading people to stop consuming tiger; (viii) enhancing professional capacity of policy-makers and practitioners; and (ix) developing sustainable, long-term financing mechanisms for tiger and biodiversity conservation. 相似文献
4.
对黑龙江东北虎林园的17只东北虎进行了23次电刺激采精,并对取得的精液进行了品质分析。结果表明,不同虎个体对电刺激采精的电压敏感度各异,在平均电压为(4.8±1.3)V时射精。所采集精液量平均为(4.0±1.2)mL,pH值为7.1±0.3,精子密度为(23.4±33.8)×106个/mL,精子活率为(62.9±20.0)%,畸形率为(45.1±15.0)%。从总体上看,12月份和1月份采精效果最好,有精率占全年的57.2%,10月份和11月份的采精效果最差,无精率占全年的44.4%,说明东北虎精液品质受季节影响。 相似文献
5.
Between 1999 and 2004 we undertook an ecological study of African lions (Panthera leo) in Hwange National Park, western Zimbabwe to measure the impact of sport-hunting beyond the park on the lion population within the park, using radio-telemetry and direct observation. 34 of 62 tagged lions died during the study (of which 24 were shot by sport hunters: 13 adult males, 5 adult females, 6 sub-adult males). Sport hunters in the safari areas surrounding the park killed 72% of tagged adult males from the study area. Over 30% of all males shot were sub-adult (<4 years). Hunting off-take of male lions doubled during 2001-2003 compared to levels in the three preceding years, which caused a decline in numbers of adult males in the population (from an adult sex ratio of 1:3 to 1:6 in favour of adult females). Home ranges made vacant by removal of adult males were filled by immigration of males from the park core. Infanticide was observed when new males entered prides. The proportion of male cubs increased between 1999 and 2004, which may have occurred to compensate for high adult male mortality. 相似文献
6.
对阳泉市动物园一只受伤的圈养成年雄性东北虎血液生理生化指标进行了测定,共测定68个项目值,其中凝血酶原时间、国际标准化比率、纤维蛋白原、活化部分凝血活酶时间、凝血酶时间、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、载脂蛋白AI、载脂蛋白B、载脂A/载脂B、超敏C反应蛋白、抗链0、β2微球蛋白、胱抑素C、类风湿因子等数据为该试验首次报道;球蛋白、单核细胞等项目数值变化较大,与外伤感染关系密切。此次测定为诊断和治疗提供了依据,充实了东北虎血液学数据,同时为东北虎的研究和保护提供了资料和参考。 相似文献
7.
对东北虎种群的科学监测是采取有效保护、管理及恢复措施的基础,而准确的个体识别又是保证有效监测的前提。尤其是在中国,在野生东北虎种群数量很少,种群密度极低的情况下,能根据它留下的各种信息进行个体识别就显得尤为重要。目前,用于野生东北虎个体识别的技术主要有：足迹识别、DNA识别、条纹识别以及气味识别等。本文对这几种技术的特点、研究进展、应用注意事项等做了介绍,并且结合中国的实际情况,分析每种技术在中国的适用性,认为如果要建立中国的东北虎种群数量数据库,足迹识别和DNA识别比较适合在中国现有东北虎分布区推广使用。通过足迹识别,信息容易获取,也是最经济和比较成熟的方法;由于种群密度低,含DNA的遗传样本虽不能每次都采集到,但可以长期积累;现阶段条纹和气味识别只能起到辅助的作用。 相似文献
8.
M. J. L. Kik J. M. V. M. Mouwen J. F. J. G. Koninkx J. E. van Dijk M. H. van der Hage 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(2):108-115
Summary The literature concerning the effects of plant lectins on the small intestinal epithelium is reviewed. It appears that after oral intake, intact plant lectins can reach the small intestinal lumen. Their binding to the mucosal surface evokes an increased synthesis of glycoproteins and a degeneration of the intestinal epithelium. The epithelial alterations may result in hyperregenerative villus atrophy and endogenous nitrogen loss. These changes ultimately can lead to less efficient feed conversion, diminished growth, scouring, wasting and death. The possible significance of plant lectins in digestive disturbances in farm animals is suggested. 相似文献
9.
Leopards (Panthera pardus) are endangered in South East Asia yet little is known about which resources need to be secured for their long-term conservation or what numbers of this species this region can support. This study uses radio telemetry to investigate seasonal variation in habitat selection and home range size of Leopards in Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand. Over a five year period, 3690 locations were recorded from nine individuals. The mean ± standard error of fixed kernel home range size for six adult females was 26 ± 8.2 km2, for two adult males was 45.7 ± 14.8 and for two sub-adult females was 29 km2 ± 5.5. Adult female wet and dry season home range sizes did not differ significantly. One adult male showed an increase in home range size from dry to wet seasons. Estimated density was 7 adult females/100 km2, which suggests 195 adult female leopards living in Huai Kha Khaeng alone, thus highlighting the larger Western Forest Complex’s potential contribution to leopard conservation. Compositional analysis of second and third order habitat selection suggested mixed deciduous and dry evergreen forest types, flat slope and areas close to stream channels are important landscape features for leopards. These results can help formulate a much needed conservation strategy for leopards in the region. 相似文献
10.
Adam C.D. Barlow Md. Ishtiaq U. Ahmed Md. Mizanur Rahman 《Biological conservation》2008,141(8):2032-2040
Baseline data on distribution and abundance of tigers in the Sundarbans is required to identify problem areas and evaluate management strategies. This paper outlines a khal (creek) bank survey of track set frequency throughout the Bangladesh Sundarbans to aid formulation of a management-driven monitoring program. Three teams of two observers surveyed a total of 1 201 km of waterways throughout the Sundarbans, recording 1 338 tiger track sets. These sets became unrecognizable as tiger sign after a mean 10 days (range 6-14). Proportion of detectable sign recorded was 0.91. Mean (±standard error) sample unit track frequency was 1.12 ± 0.86 track sets/km of khal. The mean coefficient of variance in sample unit track rate, estimated by multiple counts of six sample units, was 0.21 (range 0.06-0.34). Track frequency generally increased from northeast to southwest. Four sample units (6%) had signs of reproduction, with a mean litter size of 1.75 ± 0.5. Monte Carlo simulation suggests a monitoring program of one complete survey every two years will have power of 0.8 (α = 0.2), to detect track frequency declines of ?19% and increases of ?17%. We recommend this monitoring scheme be implemented on the Indian side of the Sundarbans to provide a standard assessment of the tiger population and to form the basis for setting management objectives and evaluating transboundary conservation initiatives. 相似文献