排序方式： 共有15条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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2003年3月到7月,采用野外观察法对吉林左家自然保护区次生林中沼泽山雀(Parus palustris)的繁殖生态进行了研究,结果表明:沼泽山雀在该区域为留鸟,营巢期在4月上、中旬,产卵期在4月中、下旬,孵化期为13~14d;孵化率为89.47%;窝卵数为7~10枚,平均8枚(n=5)。雏鸟体质量增长符合Logistic规律,增长率为0.41,渐近线为13.25g。同时,给出了次生林中繁殖的沼泽山雀的主要生长参数曲线及巢位特征。 相似文献
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Sławomir Mitrus Grzegorz Hebda Tomasz Wesołowski 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2016,31(2):135-139
A previously unknown association of ants with birds breeding in tree holes is described. Ants Lasius brunneus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were found in c. 15% of nests of Parus major L. and Poecile palustris L. (Paridae) breeding in tree holes in the primeval deciduous forest located in the Bia?owie?a National Park (Poland). The ants preferably used holes located higher above the ground. As such holes are warmer than the unused holes or other nest sites, it is suggested that the ants cohabit holes utilized by the tits to gain thermal benefits. 相似文献
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种间竞争会导致鸟类对自身的生存策略进行多方面调整,将多种因素结合起来分析不同鸟类的同域共存机制具有十分重要的意义.2009-2011年的3-7月,在辽宁省东部山区以悬挂人工巢箱的方法招引杂色山雀(Parus varius)和大山雀(Parus major),通过比较这两种鸟类在繁殖时间、繁殖参数和巢址选择上的差异,分析其繁殖期的栖息地选择及繁殖对策,探讨这两种鸟类同域共存的机制.结果表明,生态位的部分分离是大山雀和杂色山雀能够长期共存的基础.两者都是在繁殖期到来立即开始繁殖,均出现两次繁殖高峰,采用消减窝卵数的对策来适应环境质量的下降.对繁殖参数的分析表明,两种鸟类的繁殖对策都为k-选择,但大山雀略偏向r端,大山雀倾向高窝卵数、低繁殖成功率的繁殖策略;杂色山雀倾向低窝卵数、高繁殖成功率的繁殖策略.两种鸟类都选择在林龄较长的森林中筑巢,但是大山雀较注重巢址的安全性能,巢距地面较高,周围乔木密集;杂色山雀较为注重植被类型的选择,巢址多选择在植被多样、灌木生长茂盛的针阔混交林中,推测可能与杂色山雀的食物构成有关. 相似文献
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2011年10月9日15时,于吉林市环志站6号网44°00’31.1″N,126°33’32.0″E,海拔221 m处捕获1只黄腹山雀(Parus venustulus)的离巢雏,其雏羽尚未换完,但已经显露出雄鸟的特征,其形态特征与《东北鸟类图鉴》中描述的基本一致。气候变暖、随机因素和鸟类调查研究的深入是吉林省鸟类新纪录增加的主要原因。 相似文献
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近些年来,核序列基因和微卫星标记被广泛地应用于物种遗传结构分析,然而,对于两者的有效性我们却知之甚少。本文以绿背山雀(Parus monticolus)为研究对象,探讨核序列基因和微卫星标记在解析物种遗传结构方面的有效性。绿背山雀中部和西南线粒体谱系分支在核序列基因上存在相应的遗传分化,而在微卫星数据上却不存在分化。两个谱系分支在核序列基因上的FST值是微卫星的4倍。我们认为等位基因大小异源同形(size homoplasy)可能是导致微卫星标记无法区分两个谱系分支的主要原因。我们的研究结果表明在探讨物种遗传结构,且当目标种群具有较大的有效种群数量时,核序列基因比微卫星标记具有更强的适用性。绿背山雀各线粒体谱系分支间的 FST值与等位基因数量不存在显著的相关性,该结果表明微卫星标记的有效性与等位基因的数量无关。RST值的变化范围比 FST值大,因此更不利于探讨种群间的遗传分化。与核序列基因相符,微卫星标记同样揭示了台湾支系的遗传独立性。台湾支系与大陆支系间的遗传分化可能属于严格的异域分化过程。 相似文献
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Jacques Blondel Philippe Perret Marie Maistre Paula Cristina Dias 《Landscape Ecology》1992,6(3):213-219
We investigate whether a mosaic of habitats of different quality functions as a source-sink system for the Blue Tit Parus caeruleus L. Breeding parameters, especially laying date, clutch size and breeding success have been studied in relation to the food supply in three habitats: two habitats, one rich and one poor, next to each other on the mainland (southern France) and one poor habitat on the island of Corsica. Food resources are more abundant and are available earlier in the season in the rich habitat than in both the mainland and the island poor habitats. The timing of breeding is nicely timed on the food peak of abundance in the rich mainland habitat and in the poor insular one but tits are mistimed in the poor mainland habitat because they start to breed too early in relation to food availability. Such patterns strongly suggest that the rich mainland habitat where birds produce many fledglings functions as a source from which birds emigrate in the poor habitat which functions as a sink. These birds which are genetically programmed to breed in the source habitat become mistimed in the sink. Tits on Corsica which are isolated from any mainland population have adjusted their breeding traits on the local patterns of food availability and abundance. This hypothesis is supported by the existence of a strong genetic component of laying date which has been experimentally proved. 相似文献