一种新的药用真菌--瓦尼木层孔菌(杨黄)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

戴玉成 《中国食用菌》2003,22(5):7-8

瓦尼木层孔菌(杨黄)是一种新的药用真菌发现在吉林省长白山地区，它属于担子菌门的锈革孔菌科。由于它生长在杨树上，且子实层表面为黄色，故当地人称之为杨黄。本文对该菌进行了详细介绍。  相似文献   

Fungi associated with esca disease in grapevine     

P. Larignon  B. Dubos 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1997,103(2):147-157

Cross sections of woody stems of 309 diseased grapevines collected in France showed two kinds of necrosis typical of esca: a) A central light-colored necrosis of soft consistency, consisting of three zones, preceded by a centrally discolored wood, and b) a sectorial light-colored necrosis composed of two zones preceded by a sectorial brown necrosis. Isolations showed that different microflora was associated with each necrosis. Phaeoacremonium aleophilum and Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum occurred in the discolored wood and the zones bordering the central decayed wood. Eutypa lata was the main fungus isolated from sectorial brown necrosis and the zones adjoining the decay wood. Phellinus punctatus was isolated from the sectorial and central decayed wood. Stereum hirsutum was present in decayed wood of 15 grapevines with esca symptoms not inhabited by P. punctatus. Wood decay tests and pathogenicity tests showed that S. hirsutum and P. punctatus were responsible for the decayed wood. Phaeoacremonium chlamydosporum and S. hirsutum produced a centrally discolored wood similar to that found in esca-affected vines. Phaeoacremonium aleophilum caused a sectorial brown necrosis of soft texture. From these studies, it was found that esca is a complex disease involving several microorganisms whose role in the process leading to wood degradation is discussed.  相似文献   

秋水仙素诱变对桑黄菌丝生长及活性成分的影响     

杨佳乐  范桂枝  张李香 《北方园艺》2021,(7):110-116

以1.0%纤维素酶和0.5%蜗牛酶不同处理时间的桑黄菌丝为试材,采用0.1%秋水仙素诱变桑黄菌丝研究其诱变下桑黄菌丝再生菌株的生长速率以及多糖、黄酮和三萜等活性成分含量变化,以期获得生长快且活性成分含量高的菌种,以期为桑黄菌株选育、种质资源创新和应用奠定基础。结果表明:秋水仙素诱变后桑黄菌丝再生菌株的生长速率以及多糖、黄酮和三萜等活性成分含量基本呈增加趋势。其中,与对照相比,诱变酶解桑黄菌丝20 min获得的再生菌株20-1生长速率最快,增加了366.67%;三萜和多糖含量最高的再生菌株为10-5,分别增加了1069.73%和281.85%;多酚含量最高的再生菌株为5-1,增加了530.56%;黄酮含量最高的再生菌株为30-1,增加了3771.43%。  相似文献   

桑黄子实体多糖提取条件的研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

郭树凡  张慧丽  李昱  辛茹  刘宏生 《食用菌学报》2006,13(4):49-55

通过单因子试验和正交试验，研究了桑黄（Phellinus igniarius）子实体多糖的提取条件。结果表明，热水浸提法提取桑黄子实体多糖的最佳条件为料水比1：30（W：V）。提取温度90℃，提取时间3h，乙醇终浓度80％。同时采用超声波法提取桑黄子实体多糖，其多糖得率为4．65％。  相似文献   

药用真菌桑黄的抗氧化研究进展     

王钦博  杨焱  艾连中  穆海菠  杭锋  苏永红  宋馨 《食用菌学报》2011,18(4):99-104

从自由基清除能力,还原能力,亚铁离子的螯合能力,DNA损伤的抑制,MDA、SOD含量等方面对桑黄(Phellinus sp.)抗氧化研究进行概述;并展望其发展趋势.  相似文献   

响应面法优化黑盖木层孔菌菌丝体液体发酵培养基研究     

高蝉娟  孙玲  张晶  杨翔华  王战勇  GAO Chan-juan  SUN Ling  ZHANG Jing  YANG Xiang-hua  WANG Zhan-yong 《北方园艺》2011,(9):137-140

应用Plackett-Burman设计法对影响液体发酵黑盖木层孔菌菌丝体产量的培养基组分进行筛选,确定影响菌丝体产量的关键因素为玉米粉、麸皮和VB1。在此基础上,采用最陡爬坡试验结合Box-Behnken响应面法优化黑盖木层孔菌液体发酵培养基。结果表明:当培养基组分中玉米粉为65 g/L、麸皮为49.31 g/L、VB1为214.61μg/L时,菌丝体产量预测值为10.75 g/L,最佳条件下菌丝体产量可达11.16 g/L,预测值与验证值吻合得较好。  相似文献   

The effect of disturbance by Phellinus weirii on decomposition and nutrient mineralization in a Tsuga mertensiana forest     

K. Cromack Jr  J. A. Entry  T. Savage 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1991,11(4):245-249

Summary Microbial biomass in the upper 7 cm of soil and needle decomposition on the forest floor were measured seasonally for 10 months in a mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) old-growth forest and in a regrowth forest after Phellinus weirii, a root-rot pathogen infection, had caused disturbance. The microbial biomass was higher in the old-growth forest soil than in the regrowth forest soil. However, T. mertensiana needle decomposition rates were higher in the regrowth than in the old-growth forest. Total N, Ca, Fe, Cu, and Zn concentrations in needles increased during the 1st year of decomposition in both the old and the regrowth forests, but P, K, Mg, Mn, and B concentrations decreased. N, P, K, Mg, Cu, and Zn concentrations were lower in regrowth than in old-growth decomposing needles. During mineralization, needles in the regrowth forests released more N, P, and K as a result of higher needle decomposition rates. Our results suggest that higher needle decomposition rates increased the mineralization of N, P, and K, which may lead to increased soil fertility and faster tree growth rates in the regrowth forest.  相似文献   

Generation of volatile ammonia from urea fungicidal to Phellinus noxius in infested wood in soil under controlled conditions     

Chang  & Chang 《Plant pathology》1999,48(3):337-344

  相似文献   

桑黄子实体与菌丝体营养成分的比较分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

回晶  李辉  朱春玉  李其久  胡凤庆 《特产研究》2009,31(2):59-61

对桑黄子实体与菌丝体的营养成分进行了分析比较。结果表明,一般营养成分中。除灰分两者相差不大。而菌丝体中粗蛋白、粗脂肪、多糖、还原糖、总糖的含量均明显高于子实体;在所测定的17种氨基酸中,菌丝体总氨基酸的含量明显高于子实体。两者必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的质量分数比例基本一致;菌丝体总脂肪酸含量比子实体稍高,主要是饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的含量稍高。  相似文献   

裂蹄木层孔菌发酵产物抑菌活性的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

邹莉谭昀  杨民宝 《中国农学通报》2013,29(21):78-82

为了研究裂蹄木层孔菌发酵产物对植物病原菌的抑菌活性。采用菌丝生长速率法测定裂蹄木层孔菌不同发酵时间的产物对7种供试病原菌的抑制作用,将裂蹄木层孔菌的发酵产物进行不同的处理,分级纯化抑菌活性多糖,比较其抑菌活性。结果表明：裂蹄木层孔菌发酵产物对7种病原菌均有抑制作用;发酵时间为20天的裂蹄木层孔菌发酵产物对杨树烂皮病的抑制率最高;裂蹄木层孔菌发酵产物的主要抑菌活性物质存在于发酵上清液醇提物中;醇沉级别为30%（浓度为50 mg/mL）醇提物中的多糖对病原菌的抑制率为供试醇沉级别中最高。说明裂蹄木层孔菌含有抑制病原菌的有效成分,具备成为新型生物农药的潜力。  相似文献