Comparative soil distribution and dissipation of phoxim and thiamethoxam and their efficacy in controlling Bradysia odoriphaga Yang and Zhang in Chinese chive ecosystems     

《Crop Protection》2016

Bradysia odoriphaga Yang and Zhang (the chive gnat) is the major insect pest affecting Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum Rottl. ex Spreng.) in Northern China. Only three insecticide products are registered for its control. In the present study, we compared the persistence and distribution of thiamethoxam and phoxim in soil and determined their long-acting control effects against B. odoriphaga and two other secondary pests, Thrips alliorum Priesner and the Asiatic onion leaf miner Acrolepia alliella Semenov and Kuznetsov (Lepidoptera: Acrolepiidae), after a single soil application using the directional spray-washing method during the early Chinese chive root-rearing period. Under the same applied dosage, the rhizosphere soil at a depth of 4.0–10.0 cm had concentrations of thiamethoxam and phoxim ranging from 2.21 to 7.44 mg/kg and 0.09–0.44 mg/kg, respectively, at the 7th day after application. The half-lives of thiamethoxam and phoxim in the soil were 27.5 and 6.7 days, respectively. Thiamethoxam persisted for 210 days, whereas phoxim only persisted for 45 days in the soil and plants. In addition, thiamethoxam applied at 6.0 kg a.i./ha maintained a low population density of B. odoriphaga, T. alliorum and A. alliella for nine months longer than phoxim. In conclusion, thiamethoxam may help farmers more effectively manage B. odoriphaga and other secondary pests on Chinese chive and reduce the costs of insecticide use while sustaining protection.  相似文献   

0.13%百瓒防蛀气雾剂毒理学研究     

孔海苏 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2006,36(2):19-20

对0.13%百瓒防蛀气雾剂及其主要有效成分辛硫磷进行了毒理学研究。结果表明:急性吸入毒性(LC50):雌、雄小鼠均大于2150mg/m3;急性经口毒性(LD50):小鼠为9 210mg/kg;皮肤刺激实验:无刺激作用;皮肤变态反应:致敏率为“0”;眼刺激试验:无刺激性;辛硫磷原药(85%)对大鼠28d亚急性吸入毒性:对雄、雌性大鼠无作用浓度(NOAEL)均为10mg/m3。  相似文献   

啶虫脒-辛硫磷混配制剂的液相色谱分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李桂荣 《农药科学与管理》2006,27(12):4-6

本文介绍了以甲醇 水为流动相,采用254nm检测波长,对啶虫脒和辛硫磷的有效成分进行高效液相色谱定量分析的方法。该方法的标准偏差分别为0.007、0.050;变异系数分别为0.78%、0.25%;线性相关系数分别为0.999 8、0.999 9;平均回收率分别为99.87%、99.77%。  相似文献   

3%辛硫磷微胶囊种衣剂对玉米的安全性研究     

陈小波  冷阳  沈定宇  张崇斌  章东生  仲苏林 《金陵科技学院学报》2004,20(2):30-32

用包衣量为1：15～1：75的3％辛硫磷微胶囊种衣剂进行玉米室内发芽试验，结果证明其对当地主栽玉米品种的发芽、成苗安全；通过对不同叶龄玉米植株叶面喷雾的室内、外试验，表明该药剂剂型对玉米的叶面接触安全性高于同剂量的乳油。  相似文献   

辛硫磷和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂释放机制及其主要影响因素研究     

张光玲朱建祥  苏卫华等 《安徽农业科学》2014,(8):2350-2351,2355

[目的]明确辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂的主要释放机制和影响因素。[方法]利用液相色谱分析方法,测定2种微囊悬浮剂在2种湿度、温度和通风状态下的土壤释放(消解)动态。[结果]在35℃干燥土壤中,辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂吹风处理的T0.5是2.2 d;而密闭处理的T0.5是859.2 d。在35℃吹风条件下,辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂在干燥土壤和水饱和土壤中的T0.5分别是2.2和5 800 d;8 d和206.1 d;而当温度为35和25℃(其他条件相同)时,前者的T0.5分别是2.2和18.6 d;后者的T0.5分别是8.0和28.8 d。[结论]辛硫磷微囊悬浮剂和毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂释放机制都是以气化释放为主;湿度和温度是影响两者释放的最主要因素。  相似文献   

三种有机磷杀虫剂混配对赤拟谷盗的增效作用     

李晓红  侯毅  冀雁蔚  王志超  郝赤 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,27(3):285-287

在室内采用药膜法测定了辛硫磷、对硫磷和杀螟硫磷两两混配对赤拟谷盗成虫的毒力,据其LC50值及CTC值比较不同配比的增效作用。结果表明触杀效果较好的组合是杀螟硫磷与辛硫磷以4∶1混配,共毒系数为285.30;杀螟硫磷与对硫磷以8∶1混配,共毒系数是281.88,增效作用明显。  相似文献   

Biochemical effects of acute phoxim administration on antioxidant system and acetylcholinesterase in Oxya chinensis (Thunberg) (Orthoptera: Acrididae)     

Haihua WuRui Zhang  Jianzhen ZhangYaping Guo  Enbo Ma 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2011,100(1):23-26

The study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of phoxim on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and esterase (EST) activities, and antioxidant system after topical application to Oxya chinensis. The results showed that phoxim inhibited AChE activity, and did not cause significant changes in the EST activity and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH). After phoxim administration, superoxide (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities showed a biphasic response with an initial increase followed by a decline in their activities. Glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were inhibited in comparison with the control. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity showed irregular changes. Its activity increased significantly at the concentrations of 0.06 and 0.12 μg/μL and decreased at the concentrations of 0.09 and 0.24 μg/μL compared with the control. Changes in SOD, CAT, GST, GPx, and GR activities indicated that phoxim caused oxidative damage in O. chinensis. However, no significant changes in MDA content suggested that these enzymes played important roles in scavenging the oxidative free radicals induced by phoxim in O. chinensis. The formation of oxygen free radicals might be a factor in the toxicity of phoxim.  相似文献   

农药增效剂倍创在韭蛆药剂减量化防治中的应用     

王洪涛  宋朝凤  王英姿 《安徽农业科学》2015,(32)

[目的]探索韭蛆的药剂减量化防治技术.[方法]采用常规喷雾法进行田间试验,评价农药增效剂倍创(两份保和减维康)与辛硫磷混用对韭蛆的防治效果.[结果]减少30％ ～40％的辛硫磷用量,加入实际用药量14％的两份保、减维康对韭蛆的防治效果分别为84.01％ ～92.46％、81.07％～86.12％,与40％辛硫磷乳油常规剂量的防治效果(89.42％)相当.[结论]农药增效剂倍创与辛硫磷混用防治韭蛆时,推荐辛硫磷减量程度为30％～40％.  相似文献   

辛硫磷35CS释放特性与施药方法对花生蛴螬防治效果的影响     

苏卫华  戚仁德  朱建祥  徐德进  张光玲  汪涛  滕中侠  谢明惠 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(8):4542-4543,4636

[目的]明确辛硫磷35CS不同释放特性及施药方法对花生蛴螬防治效果的影响。[方法]分别于2009、2010年在代表安徽省南、北2个农业生态类型的蒙城、固镇和肥西县进行田间试验,研究了该药剂3种释放速度(快、中、慢释放速率)及2种施药方法(播种时喷穴或出苗后灌根)对花生蛴螬防治效果的影响。[结果]辛硫磷35CS 3种释放速率防治花生蛴螬效果表现为慢速释放>中速释放>快速释放;2种施药方法对防治花生蛴螬效果无影响。[结论]为辛硫磷35CS的推广应用及花生蛴螬的有效防治提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

24%辛硫磷溴虫腈EC对鳞翅目害虫防效及残毒试验     

朱浩龙  陈伟国  孙海燕  马汉良 《蚕桑通报》2010,41(1):13-16

24%辛硫磷溴虫腈EC(21%辛硫磷+3%溴虫腈)750倍和1500倍对低龄桑螟、桑尺蠖有较好的防治效果。750倍叶面喷雾5d对家蚕安全,可以在蚕期中使用。  相似文献