杉木第3代种子园多元素配方施肥效应研究     

陈元镇  陈爱玲  李宝福 《农学学报》2021,11(9):45-51

杉木种子园为培育高产稳产杉木良种提供重要保障,在林业生产中具有积极意义。通过试验研究,探究杉木3代种子园土壤养分丰缺情况、养分间的平衡规律,确定杉木种子园最佳肥料配比和施肥量,以期为闽北低山丘陵红壤分布区杉木种子园提供推荐施肥配方。采用“3414”配方施肥设计方案,对闽北第3代杉木种子园开展N、P、K、Ca、Mg、B、Mo等元素施肥试验。分别设计大量元素氮、磷、钾三因素施肥水平（并增设施用钼肥处理）、中微量元素钙、镁、硼三因素施肥水平,以球果数量（质量）、出籽率、种子产量、胸径等为评价指标,拟合肥料效应函数方程,研究各养分间的作用规律,并提出最佳施肥配比和施肥量。结果表明：种子园土壤N、P、K、Ca、Mg养分含量较低,B含量属于中等水平,而Mo含量较高;N、P、Mg以及N-K、Ca-B肥料联合对种子园产量的影响达到显著或极显著水平,而单施某一肥料效应较小,其中单施K、Ca、B几乎没有效果,而肥料联合施用效果较好。综合效应分析结果,得出种子园最大产量施肥量组合为：每株施尿素100 g+过磷酸钙897 g+氯化钾150 g+石灰150 g+硫酸镁105 g+硼砂75 g,并配施钼肥。N、P₂O₅、K₂O、CaO、Mg、B、Mo的用量依次为46.0、107.7、90.0、75.0、31.4、2.3、5.0 g,其配比为N:P₂O₅:K₂O:CaO:Mg:B:Mo=1.0:2.3:2.0:1.6:0.7:0.05:0.1。多元素配方施肥能很好地改善杉木种子园产量和质量,单株球果产量、球果单粒重、出籽率及种子园产量等指标均比不施肥的母树有大幅度提高。本研究施肥方案,理论上种子园产量可达45.99~95.65 g/株,大量元素施肥试验的产量达到理论产量的80%~86%,中微量元素施肥试验的产量为理论产量的70%左右。现实种子园平均产量大约是预测产量的40%,通过合理配方施肥有望大幅度提高杉木3代种子园产量。  相似文献   

落叶松人工林林分径级结构的研究     

仲秋维  于常玲 《林业科技》1996,21(1):17-19

本文描述了落叶松人工林抚育后径级结构特征。试验表明，抚育后的林分在一定密度条件下，其密度遵从Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布，并能保持相当长的时间不变；其密度较大，Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ参数值在２～３间变动，ｂ值在６～８间变动；稀疏时不能用Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布模拟。  相似文献   

剌槐种子萌发过程的微量热法研究     

胡云楚  周培疆 《种子》1994,(6):16-17,59

用微量热法测定了剌槐种子的萌发热谱，发现其产热规律与其吸水规律和呼吸规律相关，并获得了衡量种子活力４个参数。  相似文献   

马鹿假台鹿采精技术的研究     

武春田  国泰  赵裕方  赵列平  张贵学 《黑龙江动物繁殖》1994,(3)

对６头试验公鹿用假台鹿采精，采精前对特制的假阴道以药用凡士林为滑润剂，注水充气，温度为４０℃±１℃，以适宜的压力和滑润度，将其安装在人工制做的假台鹿内。拨赶公鹿于采精场诱其爬跨。结果，试验的６头公鹿中有４头能够采精，共２２头次，射精量平均每头次１．５４ｍｌ，精子密度为１８．６—３７亿／ｍｌ，精子活力在０．８以上。９３年每头次生产细管冻精１０６．２５支（４２５支／４头次），是同年电刺激采精法平均６４．４支／头次（９０２支／１４头次）的１．６５倍，此法既能采到质量高的精液，又比电采法省工、省时、省力、安全，是一种理想的马鹿采精方法。  相似文献   

眼镜蛇取毒饲养生产试验     

梁秋霞  杨易海 《浙江林业科技》1994,14(2):34-35

常山县龙尧乡进行眼镜蛇取毒饲养试验表明：取毒时间，每１０ｄ取毒１次，可正常饲养，同时也提高了蛇毒产量。每１ｋｇ眼镜蛇，可得蛇毒液７．０８２４ｇ／ａ，蛇毒干品２．０８３２ｇ／ａ。  相似文献   

不同条件下蒙古冰草种子产量及产量构成因子的分析     

海棠  韩国栋 《内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,25(1):109-113

在西苏旗对蒙古冰草的种子产量及产量构成因子进行了分析得出结果为冰草的实际种子产量与潜在种子产量差别很大，蒙古冰草种子产量的主要限制因子为抽穗率和结实率。  相似文献   

Analysis of the Impact of Alfalfa Forage Production under Summer Water-Limiting Circumstances on Productivity, Agricultural and Growers Returns and Plant Stand     

E. Takele  & R. Kallenbach 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2001,187(1):41-46

The trade-off between summer water conservation from alfalfa production and the effects on plant growth, agricultural crop value, and grower returns in the low desert area (Imperial, Palo Verde, Parker and Yuma Valleys of California and Arizona) was analysed using an experimental plot in the Palo Verde Valley. The purpose was to provide a basis for evaluating water conservation decisions and policies. Four summer dry-down periods (withdrawing water for a predetermined period) of 0 days (control), 35 days, 70 days, and 105 days were analysed. Our results show that whereas the various dry-down periods would provide water conservation ranging from 254 to 944 million m³, the region would experience agricultural income decline by US $16 to US $73 million. For growers, benefits of dry-down would be effective only if the water price exceeds US $0.045 m⁻³ in California and US $0.036 m⁻³ in Arizona. Also dry-down would have possible adverse effects in the following areas including declines in plant stand density, long-term productivity, service industry sales, employment and biological benefits of soil fertility and organic matter that is attributed by the alfalfa plant in which case agriculture's and growers monetary losses could increase.  相似文献   

毛竹笋用林梅前开山施肥试验初报     

童品璋  陈建平  李立军  傅田辉  吴建人 《浙江林业科技》2001,21(4):44-45

通过2年的梅前开山，施肥和大量挖掘鞭笋，增挖冬笋的试验，笋产量及产值分别比原来增长49．62％，57．95％，纯收入增加75．82％，每工值增加43．53％，投入产出比1：3．37。  相似文献   

阔叶次生林抚育改造初探     

蔡学林  张志云  罗天裕  邓冰涓 《江西农业大学学报》1992,(6)

安远县国营林场根据生态学原理,对阔叶次生林进行改造,把天然更新和人工改造更新有机的结合起来。通过改造可很快的形成多树种的混交林,林木材积生长提高115％～219％,土壤物理性比杉木纯林好,土壤贮水量比杉木纯林提高57％～92％,有良好的生态经济效益。实践证明,次生林改造是次生林经营的重要措施,是加速培育森林资源的好途径。  相似文献   

Organic substance metabolism during seed germination ofPinus bungeana     

Shang Jie  Zhao Kentian 《林业研究》1993,4(2):70-75

The metabolism of fats, proteins and carbohydrates and change of enzyme of seeds ofpinus bungeana during the germination were conducted by the methods of gas-liquid chromatography, flow injection, colorimetric analysis of spectrophotometer, to provide theoretical basis for seeds dormancy, germination and storage of seeds of forest tree. The results indicate that (1) carbohydrates were first utilized during germination of seed ofpinus bungeana; (2) stored substances in seeds began to decompose quickly after radicale broke through seed coats; (3) the activity of enzymes in the seeds does not always coincides with the increase or decrease in quantity of its responsible substance during germination of the seed. Changes in stored substance relate to metabalism of other metabolism of other materials and the use of hydrolysates.  相似文献