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In this review, we discuss structural diversity, taxonomic distribution, biological activities, biogenesis, and synthesis of a rare group of terpenoids, the so-called malabaricane and isomalabaricane triterpenoids, as well as some compounds derived from them. Representatives of these groups were found in some higher and lower terrestrial plants, as well as in some fungi, and in a relatively small group of marine sponges. The skeletal systems of malabaricanes and isomalabaricanes are similar to each other, but differ principally in the stereochemistry of their tricyclic core fragments, consisting of two six-membered and one five-membered rings. Evolution of these triterpenoids provides variety of rearranged, oxidized, and glycoconjugated products. These natural compounds have attracted a lot of attention for their biosynthetic origin and biological activity, especially for their extremely high cytotoxicity against tumor cells as well as promising neuroprotective properties in nanomolar concentrations. 相似文献
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镰叶西番莲藤茎脂溶性化学成分的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究镰叶西番莲藤茎的化学成分,从其脂溶性成分中分离了6个化合物,通过IR、MS、NMR等波谱手段鉴定它们的结构为4-氧代-3,4-降-木栓烷-2-酸(Ⅰ)、2-羟基-3,4-断-木栓烷-3-酸乙酯(Ⅱ)、4-烯-3-谷甾酮(Ⅲ)、3-(2,4-二羟基苯基)-2-丙烯酸(Ⅳ)、碳十八酸甘油酯(Ⅴ)和正二十八醇(Ⅵ).其中化合物Ⅰ是首次经提取分离的天然产物,应用二维NMR技术归属了它的碳谱.结果表明,化合物Ⅰ与化学合成的4-oxo-3,4-seco-A(1)-norfriedelan-3-oic acid结构一致.化合物Ⅱ为新的人工化合物. 相似文献
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为研究金钱槭果实中的化学成分,利用各种波谱技术从金钱槭果实乙醇提取物中共分离得到4个三萜类成分（1-4）和一个甾体化合物（5）,利用波谱技术及化学方法将它们分别鉴定为高根二醇 (1)、28-羟基-12-齐墩果烯-3-酮 (2)、高根二醇3-O-棕榈酸酯 (3)、羽扇豆烯酮 (4)和豆甾-4-烯-3-酮 (5),所有化合物均首次从该植物中发现。 相似文献
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对灵芝孢子粉总三萜的提取过程进行优化,以得率为指标,通过单因素试验、Plackett-Burman试验筛选出影响灵芝孢子粉总三萜得率的显著因素,利用响应面设计优化灵芝孢子粉总三萜的提取条件。对于提取出的灵芝孢子粉总三萜,评价其清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基和ABTS+自由基的方法,并采用CCK-8比色法就其抗人肝癌细胞HepG-2增殖的活性进行研究。结果表明,最佳提取条件为乙醇体积分数80%,固液比1:23,超声功率540 W,提取温度40 ℃,提取时间60 min。此优化条件下提取的灵芝孢子粉总三萜具有较好的抗氧化能力,清除ABTS+的能力强于清除DPPH,对人肝癌细胞HepG-2亦具有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
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This review focuses on the rare group of carbon-bridged steroids (CBS) and triterpenoids found in various natural sources such as green, yellow-green, and red algae, marine sponges, soft corals, ascidians, starfish, and other marine invertebrates. In addition, this group of rare lipids is found in amoebas, fungi, fungal endophytes, and plants. For convenience, the presented CBS and triterpenoids are divided into four groups, which include: (a) CBS and triterpenoids containing a cyclopropane group; (b) CBS and triterpenoids with cyclopropane ring in the side chain; (c) CBS and triterpenoids containing a cyclobutane group; (d) CBS and triterpenoids containing cyclopentane, cyclohexane or cycloheptane moieties. For the comparative characterization of the antitumor profile, we have added several semi- and synthetic CBS and triterpenoids, with various additional rings, to identify possible promising sources for pharmacologists and the pharmaceutical industry. About 300 CBS and triterpenoids are presented in this review, which demonstrate a wide range of biological activities, but the most pronounced antitumor profile. The review summarizes biological activities both determined experimentally and estimated using the well-known PASS software. According to the data obtained, two-thirds of CBS and triterpenoids show moderate activity levels with a confidence level of 70 to 90%; however, one third of these lipids demonstrate strong antitumor activity with a confidence level exceeding 90%. Several CBS and triterpenoids, from different lipid groups, demonstrate selective action on different types of tumor cells such as renal cancer, sarcoma, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, lymphocytic leukemia, myeloid leukemia, liver cancer, and genitourinary cancer with varying degrees of confidence. In addition, the review presents graphical images of the antitumor profile of both individual CBS and triterpenoids groups and individual compounds. 相似文献
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Four new nor-dammarane triterpenoids, 12β-O-acetyl-15α,28-dihydoxy-17β-methoxy-3-oxo-20,21,22-23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (1), 12β-O-acetyl-15α,17β,28-trihydoxy-3-oxo-20,21,22-23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (2), 12β-O-acetyl-15α,28-dihydoxy-3-oxo-17-en-20,21,22-23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (3), and 12β,15α,17β,28-tetrahydoxy-3-oxo-20,21,22-23,24,25,26,27-octanordammanran (4), were isolated from the 70% EtOH extract of Dysoxylum hainanense. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectral methods. All the triterpenoids were in vitro evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four tumor cell lines (A549, SK-OV-3, SKMEL-2 and HCT15). 相似文献