Contributions to the leafminer fauna (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Turkey, with four new records     

Emine Çıkman  Hasan Sungur Civelek 《Phytoparasitica》2005,33(4):391-396

In a study carried out during 2002 and 2004 in Diyarbakıir and Mardin provinces, southeast Turkey, specimens were collected twice a month from cultivated and non-cultivated plants. Sixteen leafminer (Diptera: Agromyzidae) species were identified. Among them,Agromyza abiens Zetterstedt, 1848;Napomyza elegans (Meigen, 1830);Phytoliriomyza dorsata (Siebke, 1864); andPhytomyza aquilonia Frey, 1964 are new records for the Turkish leafminer http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 24, 2005.  相似文献   

Equine infectious anemia in mules, donkeys, and horses: Epidemiologic studies in the different geographic regions of Turkey   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Veysel Soydal Ataseven DVM  PhD  Handan Hilal Arslan DVM  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2005,25(10):439-441

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Creating and Consolidating Locally Managed Irrigation in Turkey: the National Perspective     

Mark Svendsen  D. Hammond Murray-Rust 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》2001,15(4):355-371

The Turkish program of irrigationmanagement transfer has gained worldwidecelebrity for its speed and effectiveness. This paper describes the program brieflyand assesses its effectiveness from anational perspective. The assessmentincludes changes in staffing levels,operational costs, service fee levels, andcost recovery from farmers. A companionpaper examines impacts at the local leveland looks specifically at changes in systemperformance.  相似文献   

Occurrence and prevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cultured in cages in the Black Sea     

Hamdi Ogut  Cemil Altuntas 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(10):1550-1556

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cultured in cage systems in the South Eastern Black Sea were surveyed for the type, occurrence and prevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). Two nearby farms (designated as Farm A and Farm B) were visited monthly in 2007 and 2008. At each farm, 385 fish were selected randomly from five cages. Another farm with infected trout from a hatchery also was monitored for IPNV from the transfer to harvest. IPNV was found to be prevalent in both farms surveyed. In Farm A, IPNV was present throughout the growing period, from January to May, and all five randomly sampled cages tested positive for IPNV in March and April of 2007. In Farm B, IPNV was present only in February and March in 2007, and in 2008, IPNV was observed in January (two cages) and February (one cages) at low levels. Interestingly, IPNV was absent 2 weeks after transfer to the sea at 17.5°C. The same strain of IPNV, genotype III that was isolated from the same stock of fish at the hatchery, reoccurred when water temperatures dropped to 12°C in December in the Black Sea. Transferring fish to the sea at high water temperatures could lessen the negative impacts of IPNV on growth of rainbow trout in brackish water.  相似文献   

Effects of water stress at different development stages on yield and water productivity of winter and summer safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)     

A. Istanbulluoglu  E. Gocmen  C. Pasa 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(10):1429-1434

A field study was carried out to determine the effects of water stress imposed at different development stages on grain yield, seasonal evapotranspiration, crop-water relationships, yield response to water and water use efficiency of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) for winter and summer sowing. The field trials were conducted on a loam Entisol soil in Thrace Region in Turkey, using Dincer, the most popular safflower variety in the research area. A randomised complete block design with three replications was used. Three known growth stages of the plant were considered and a total of 8 (including rainfed) irrigation treatments were applied. The effect of irrigation or water stress at any stage of development on grain yield per hectare and 1000 kernel weight, was evaluated. Results of this study showed that safflower was significantly affected by water shortage in the soil profile due to omitted irrigation during the sensitive vegetative stage. The highest yield was observed in the fully irrigated control and was higher for winter sowing than for summer sowing. Evapotranspiration calculated for non-stressed production was 728 and 673 mm for winter and summer sowing, respectively. Safflower grain yield of the fully irrigated treatments was 4.05 and 3.74 t ha⁻¹ for winter and summer season, respectively. The seasonal yield response factor was 0.97 and 0.81 for winter and summer sowing, respectively. The highest total water use efficiency was obtained in the treatment irrigated only at vegetative stage while the lowest value was observed when the crop was irrigated only at yield stage. As conclusions: (i) winter sowing is suggested; (ii) if deficit irrigation is to apply at only one or two stages, Y stage or Y and F stages should be omitted, respectively.  相似文献   

The harvest of the freshwater crayfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Astacus leptodactylus</Emphasis> Eschscholtz in Turkey: harvest history,impact of crayfish plague,and present distribution of harvested populations   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Muzaffer Mustafa Harlioğlu 《Aquaculture International》2008,16(4):351-360

This review focuses on the present distribution of populations of the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus that are harvested in Turkey. It also examines the history of this harvest and the impact that crayfish plague has had on them. Crayfish plague, caused by the fungus-like organism, Aphanomyces astaci Schikora, 1906, is a severe parasite of freshwater crayfish and has caused a lot of damage to A. leptodactylus populations in Turkey since 1984. Turkey was the largest provider of A. leptodactylus to Western Europe from 1970 (or possibly earlier) until 1986. For example, the peak production was reached in the early 1980s, with over 5,000 tonnes being exported in 1984. On the other hand, as a result of the crayfish plague the harvest of A. leptodactylus was reduced severely in most populations in Turkey after 1985. The harvest was only 320 tonnes in 1991. After the occurrence of crayfish plague in Turkey, in order to increase crayfish production uncontrolled A. leptodactylus stockings have been carried out in many waterbodies throughout Turkey. These introductions have caused an increase in the number of A. leptodactylus populations, but exploitation of A. leptodactylus is still under the pressure of the plague, although there has been a steady increase in crayfish production in recent years. The harvest increased to 2,317 tonnes in 2004. Fortunately, among those populations affected by crayfish plague, large amounts of A. leptodactylus can still be harvested from three lakes, ?znik (Bursa), E?irdir (Isparta) and Çivril (Denizli). Thus, it seems that A. leptodactylus has a degree of resistance to crayfish plague. It is therefore interesting to investigate the resistance of A. leptodactylus caught from these populations to crayfish plague.  相似文献   

土耳其能源教育计划概况及述评     

宋仰泰 《计算机与农业》2012,(1):107-108

土耳其对能源教育有着特殊的兴趣。对土耳其目前的能源教育计划、结构及现状与前景进行了剖析，在此基础上，提出土耳其欲想发展自己的能源教育，就必须及时建立有效的、包括正式与非正式环境教育在内的能源教育计划。  相似文献   

A survey of the Eriococcidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Ankara Province,Turkey     

S.?ülgentürkEmail author  M.?B.?Kaydan  S.?Toros  M.?O.?Gürkan 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(5):442-445

The Coccoidea of cultivated and non-cultivated areas of Ankara Province, in central Anatolia, Turkey, were surveyed between 1999 and 2001. Eleven species of Eriococcidae were collected, of which nine are new records for Turkey:Acanthococcus greeni Newstead,A. micracanthus Danzig,A. munroi Boratynski,A. roboris (Goux),A. zernae Tereznikova,Rhizococcus cingulatus (Kiritchenko),R. cynodontis (Kiritchenko),R. herbaceus Danzig andR. pseudinsignis (Green). http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Sept. 30, 2003.  相似文献   

Natural parasitism of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Chrysoperla carnea</Emphasis> by hymenopterous parasitoids in cotton-growing areas of Çukurova,Turkey     

K.?KarutEmail author  C.?Kazak  A.?Arslan  E.??ekero?lu 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(1):90-93

A 4-year study of parasitoids attackingChrysoperla carnea (Stephens) in the cotton fields of Çukurova, Turkey, revealed the activities of three principal taxa:Telenomus sp. nr.suvae attacks the eggs ofC. carnea: Catolaccus sp. andBaryscapus sp. are larval and pupal parasitoids, respectively. In general, percent egg parasitism increased starting from the second half of June and into July, then decreased until the beginning of August before rising again at the end of growing season. During the early season, weekly parasitism was found to be as high as 94%. Overall, seasonal egg parasitism varied between 13.6% and 62.0% among all study sites. According to the results of a one-year field study at Hac?ali, total larval and pupal parasitism was found to be 12.5% and 55.6%, respectively. Therefore, different factors influencing the effectiveness of the generalist predatorC. carnea against cotton pests, and the differential effects of cotton treatments on both host and parasitoids, need to be evaluated.  相似文献   

Note: Molecular identification of three entomopathogenic nematodes from turkey by PCR-RFLP of the ITS regions     

I. Alper Susurluk  Umut Toprak 《Phytoparasitica》2006,34(1):17-20

Molecular identification methods are widely used for the classification of organisms worldwide. Entomopathogenic nematodes are the most often isolated insect parasitic nematodes in the tropical and subtropical regions. In our investigation, PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction — Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) of the ITS region (Internal Transcribed Spacer) on the ribosomal (r) DNA of three entomopathogenic nematodes isolated from Ankara, Turkey, was analyzed for identification. The ITS region of rDNA was amplified by PCR and then digested with the following nine restriction enzymes: Alu I, Dde I, Hae III, Hha I, Hind III, Hinf I, Hpa II, Rsa I and Sau 3AI. The amplified and restricted sequences of the ITS regions were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and the RFLP patterns of these three species were shown in this study. According to our results, these species were identified asSteinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae andHeterorhabditis bacteriophora. http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 4, 2005.  相似文献