Trawling for cephalopods off the Portuguese coast—Fleet dynamics and landings composition   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tereza Fonseca  Aida Campos  Manuel Afonso-Dias  Paulo Fonseca  Joo Pereira 《Fisheries Research》2008,92(2-3):180-188

Fleet dynamics was addressed for three cephalopod taxa of commercial interest, the squid Loligo vulgaris, the octopuses Octopus vulgaris and Eledone cirrhosa, and the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis, for 48 trawlers of the fish trawling fleet. Landing profiles (LP) were identified based on the species composition of the landings using hierarchical cluster analysis. Four out of a total of 12 different LP were related to cephalopods and other species associated with them.The effects on the landing proportions of a number of variables, year, season and vessel, are analysed for each of the species studied using generalized linear models (GLM). The factor “vessel”, including an ensemble of technical characteristics as well as the abilities of individual skippers, explained most of the model deviance, strongly reinforcing the existence of a fleet component dedicated to catch cephalopods. However, time also explains much of the variation found in the data.Seasonal alternation between landings of octopodidae and cuttlefish was observed within a small group of old trawlers operating mainly off the south coast, following the abundance cycles of these species. For a larger group of more modern trawlers, operating off the western coast, inter-annual shift between octopus and squid was found, together with a well marked seasonal pattern between the catches of cephalopods and horse mackerel.Spatial patterns of activity were identified using vessel monitoring system (VMS) data available for trawlers in Portugal, demonstrating the existence of cephalopod targeting strategies in Portuguese fish trawling activities.  相似文献   

Axial variations in anatomical properties and basic density of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis 3 E. urophylla) clones     

S K Sharma  S R Shukla  S Shashikala  V Sri Poornima 《林业研究》2015,(3)

We studied two clones of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis 9 E. urophylla), GR283 and GR330, grown in Tumkur district of Karnataka (India), and felled 5–6 years old three trees of each clo...  相似文献   

An investigation of avoidance by Antarctic krill of RRS James Clark Ross using the Autosub-2 autonomous underwater vehicle     

Andrew S. Brierley  Paul G. Fernandes  Mark A. Brandon  Frederick Armstrong  Nicholas W. Millard  Steven D. McPhail  Peter Stevenson  Miles Pebody  James Perrett  Mark Squires  Douglas G. Bone  Gwyn Griffiths 《Fisheries Research》2003,60(2-3):569-576

The autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) Autosub-2 was deployed on eight missions ahead of RRS James Clark Ross in the northern Weddell Sea and in the Bransfield Strait, Southern Ocean, to assess avoidance of the research vessel by Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. The AUV was equipped with the same type of scientific echosounder as the research vessel (Simrad EK500 operating at 38 and 120 kHz) and measured the density of krill along transect acoustically (g m⁻² wet mass) prior to the ship’s arrival. We hypothesised that if krill avoided the ship, perhaps in response to radiated noise, then the ship should detect less krill than the AUV which is known to have much lower noise levels than the ship. We were unable to detect any significant difference between the density of krill detected by the ship or the AUV, either at the transect level or at finer scales within transects. We conclude, therefore, that avoidance by krill of RRS James Clark Ross will not significantly bias acoustic estimates of krill abundance by this vessel.  相似文献   

Studies on the Molecular Structure of Vessels in Secondary Xylem of Stem from Three Carambola Varieties     

CHEN Yan  YUAN Chang-chun  CHEN Xiao-ting School of Life Science  Technology  Zhanjiang Normal University  Zhanjiang 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to provide the theoretical basis for variety identification of carambola and pomiculture.[Method] The molecular structure of vessels in stem secondary xylem from three carambola varieties of Malaysia 8,Misi and Malaysia B17 were studied by cell image analysis system and microphotography.[Result] The molecular structure of vessels in stem secondary xylem from carambola was as follows:the first type had tails in two ends,the second type had tail in one end,and the third type had no tails in two ends.The average length of vessel elements was from 328.88 to 366.09 μm,while its average width was from 44.61 to 52.43 μm.Most of the end wall was simple perforation plates,while the alternate-opposite pitting was the major forms of pitting.[Conclusion] Most characteristics of vessel elements from carambola were evolutionary characters of vessel elements in the process of phylogeny,but there were more primitive characters,for example,both two ends of vessel had tails or just one end had tail,and end wall was inclined.The molecular structure of vessel from carambola was in accordance with its ecological adaptability,and the growth characteristics of different varieties were also in accordance with the difference of molecular structure of vessel.  相似文献   

不同生长调节剂对唐古特白刺出苗及苗期生长的影响     

宋维秀  樊萍  陶永明 《安徽农业科学》2010,38(14):7242-7243

[目的]选出适宜唐古特白刺出苗及苗期生长的生长调节剂。[方法]对唐古特白刺进行容器播种育苗试验。[结果]用生根粉（6号）处理出苗率最好。吲哚丁酸处理后的唐古特白刺平均株高达到7.14cm。生根粉、萘乙酸、吲哚丁酸、赤霉素处理对唐古特白刺的地径生长均有一定的效果。生根粉（6号）、吲哚丁酸处理的主根长生长较好。吲哚丁酸处理后的生物产量最高。[结论]生根粉（6号）、吲哚丁酸、赤霉素是促进唐古特白刺幼苗生长良好的生长调节剂。  相似文献   

Florida manatees, Trichechus manatus latirostris, respond to approaching vessels     

Stephanie M Nowacek  Randall S Wells  Edward C.G Owen  Richard O Flamm 《Biological conservation》2004,119(4):517-523

Florida manatees inhabit shallow coastal and estuarine waters of the southeast US, a range that brings them into frequent contact with vessels. More than 30% of documented annual mortalities are attributed to vessel collisions, and most living animals bear the scars of multiple, non-lethal encounters. To document the behavior of manatees in the presence of vessels, we recorded their movements with an overhead video system. We scored six aspects of behavior during 170 vessel approaches, and compared their behavior with 187 control segments when no boats were present. Manatees in shallow waters and at the edge of the channel responded to approaches by orienting towards the nearest deep water, a boat channel, and increasing their swimming speed. Close boat approaches and shallow water depths exacerbated these responses. Our results indicate that manatees detect and respond to approaching vessels with an apparent flight response, a response which includes movement towards deeper water. If given sufficient time, i.e., approached or passed slowly, the manatees may then be able to reach deeper water and safe depths.  相似文献   

青海云杉容器育苗技术     

马占学  莫延德 《青海农林科技》2006,(1):55-56

介绍了青海云杉容器育苗从容器选择、基质配制、种子处理及播种苗抚育管理的技术要点,并与苗床育苗作了对比,表明容器育苗在提高苗木品质,缩短育苗周期方面表现良好。  相似文献   

桃3种砧木次生木质部导管分子性状比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

肖啸  郭学民  刘建珍  张立彬 《果树学报》2012,(2):171-176,317

为桃树抗寒砧木的选择提供参考依据,采用组织离析、显微照相与生物计量统计法,检测并比较了山桃(Prunus davidiana)(SP)、毛桃(P.persica)(MP)和珲春桃(P.persica cv.Hun-chun-tao)(HP)3种桃砧木根与茎导管分子形态和大小。结果表明,3种桃砧木导管分子性状相比较,根与茎导管分子侧壁次生增厚和木质化的方式、纹孔式、穿孔板类型以及其根一端具尾的导管分子比例基本相似,其茎导管分子均具有螺旋加厚现象,但是,两端具尾、一端具尾、两端无尾、两端倾斜、一端倾斜和两端水平的导管分子比例以及导管分子的长度与直径、根与茎导管分子长度与直径的比率均存在差异。  相似文献   

鳄梨导管分子及穿孔板观察研究     

陈树思 《安徽农业科学》2006,34(15):3613-3615,3624

运用细胞图像分析系统及显微照相的方法,观察研究鳄梨次生木质部导管分子。结果发现,鳄梨次生木质部导管分子中存在着许多不同的样式,并且导管分子穿孔板存在着6种类型:①两端均为一个单穿孔板;②一端为一个单穿孔板,另一端为梯状穿孔板;③两端均为梯状穿孔板;④一端为梯状穿孔板,另一端为奇特样式穿孔板;⑤两梯状穿孔板分别位于同一导管分子相对的侧壁互相对应;⑥一单穿孔板和一梯状穿孔板分别位于同一导管分子相对的侧壁互相对应;还存在一些过渡类型。管间纹孔式为互列纹孔式,导管射线间纹孔式为横列、纵列刻痕状纹孔式。部分导管分子侧壁具有纹饰。分别对其进行了描述,并从导管分子个体发育与系统发育的角度进行了讨论。  相似文献   

刺五加导管特征及其与刺五加苷B·E含量相关性的分析     

邢朝斌  吴鹏  王明艳  劳凤云  王建石  田春迎 《安徽农业科学》2009,37(16):7510-7511

[目的]分析不同产地刺五加导管特征及其与刺五加苷B、E含量的相关性。[方法]以不同产地刺五加的1年生根、茎为试材,石蜡切片法制片,测定导管周长、面积,HPLC法测定刺五加苷B、E含量。[结果]刺五加根中导管平均面积、周长分别为986.89μm2、141.08μm,茎中导管平均面积、周长分别为362.48μm2、88.46μm,不同产地刺五加根、茎中导管的周长、面积差异显著。刺五加茎中刺五加苷E含量与茎中导管面积呈显著相关。[结论]导管面积、周长可以作为鉴定刺五加产地来源的指标,茎中导管面积可作为茎中刺五加苷E含量的早期鉴定指标。  相似文献