杉木人工林的养分归还动态   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

樊后保  胡石峰 《福建林学院学报》1996,(3)

４２年生杉木人工林的年凋落量为３０８３．９ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，在一年中的５月和１１月出现两次高峰．凋落物中主要营养元素的年归还量为７２．１３８ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，其归还量大小顺序为Ｃａ＞Ｎ＞Ｍｇ＞Ｋ＞Ｐ．降水在杉木人工林中引起的养分淋溶也是养分归还的一个重要方面，五种营养元素的年总淋溶量为７１．２８９ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，在２月和５月亦出现两次高峰，淋溶量大小顺序为Ｋ＞Ｃａ＞Ｍｇ，而Ｎ和Ｐ出现负值，表明两者被林冠层直接吸收．  相似文献   

池杉林网凋落物特征的研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

周毅  甘先华  黎元伟 《华南农业大学学报》2003,24(2):19-21

通过对池杉(Taxodium ascendens)林网凋落量及凋落物干质量损失率的测定,对池杉林网凋落物特征进行了研究．结果表明：(1)池杉林网年凋落量5年生比4年生时,有比较明显的增大;10年生时,凋落量达4708．5kg/hm^2．(2)池杉林网月凋落量具有明显的季节变化规律,凋落过程呈现出双峰的W型变化,一年中出现2个高峰,第1个高峰期出现于冬季的12月和次年1月,其凋落量占年凋落总量的43．9％-45．8％;另一个高峰期出现在夏季的6-9月,其凋落量占年凋落总量的32．0％-45．8％．(3)池杉林网凋落物年干质量损失率为57．48％,年分解速率为1．0706,理论分解期(残留1％)为4．477年,10年生池杉林网凋落物现存量为7049．1kg／hm^2．  相似文献   

南亚热带7种林分凋落叶养分含量的年动态变化     

卢立华  蔡道雄  贾宏炎  何日明 《林业科学》2009,45(4)

2006-05-2007-04对广西凭祥市7种主要林分凋落叶的N,P,K,Ca及Mg含量进行分析.结果表明:林分凋落叶的N,P,K,ca及Mg含量全年月份动态变化趋势较为一致;在林木生长旺盛的高温雨季4-9月,林分凋落叶的N及P养分含量较高,而K的含量较低;在林木生长缓慢或休眠的干旱低温季10月至翌年3月,凋落叶N及P养分的含量较低,而K的含量较高,说明林分凋落叶的N与P含量与林木生长量成正相关,而K与生长量成负相关;Ca随月份的变化较小,但不同林分之间的差异较大;Mg随月份的变化较大;西南桦凋落叶N含量最高(14.44 g·kg-1),火力楠最低(5.11 g·kg-1);次生林凋落叶P含量最高(1.20 g·kg-1),马尾松最低(仅0.53 g·kg-1);K也以次生林最高(5.16 g·kg-1),马尾松最低(1.71 g·kg-1);Ca以杉木最高(达11.10 g·kg-1),马尾松最低(仅3.76g·kg-1);Mg以次生林最高(3.03 g·kg-1),马尾松最低(1.18 g·kg-1);7种林分凋落叶的N,P,K,Ca与Mg的最高与最低含量比值都超过2.  相似文献   

Two-decadal trends in aboveground litterfall and net primary production in self-thinning Pinus banksiana stands in Wood Buffalo National Park,NWT, Canada     

Nahoko Kurachi  Tomiyasu Miyaura  Jumpei Toriyama  Yojiro Matsuura  Akira Osawa 《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2019,34(2):102-114

We estimated the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) in five self-thinning jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stands in Wood Buffalo National Park, NWT, Canada. The stands (11 to ca.175 years old) were selected to examine the relationship between stand density and tree size and its effect on carbon dynamics. Aboveground litterfall was collected from each stand from 1997 to 2012. Stand biomass was estimated by measuring tree size every 5 years and estimating the individual mass using allometric relationships. ANPP was then estimated by summing the litterfall mass, dead stem mass increment and stand biomass increment. We determined the proportional contribution of each organ to the total litter and the seasonal pattern of needle litterfall. There was a lower turnover rate of aboveground biomass in older stands than younger stands. The ANPP increased in the youngest stand (<30 years old) showed a decreasing trend in stands >50 years old. The maximum ANPP was estimated to be ca. 500?g m^?2 year^?1 in dry matter, which was found in 30–50 year-old stands.  相似文献   

米槠人工林土壤微生物群落组成对凋落物输入的响应   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢胜旭  许恩兰  吴东梅  陆宇明  郭剑芬  杨玉盛 《森林与环境学报》2020,(1):16-23

全球气候变化显著影响森林凋落物数量,进而会对土壤微生物群落造成影响。本研究以亚热带米槠人工林为研究对象,探究不同凋落物量输入处理(凋落物去除、凋落物加倍、对照)下,森林土壤微生物群落组成的变化。结果表明:与去除凋落物相比,凋落物加倍后0~10 cm土壤铵态氮(NH4^+-N)、硝态氮(NO3^--N)、全氮(TN)、有效磷(AP)含量分别显著增加了30.30%、49.66%、12.77%和13.90%。与对照相比,凋落物加倍与去除处理土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)和氮(MBN)含量分别显著增加和下降(P<0.05),但凋落物加倍与去除处理间无显著差异。凋落物加倍处理下土壤丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)、革兰氏阳性菌[G(+)]、革兰氏阴性菌[G(-)]、放线菌(ACT)、真菌(F)丰度和总磷脂脂肪酸(TPLFA)含量分别比去除凋落物处理的土壤高68.35%、63.35%、82.65%、69.02%、40.56%和65.85%,而土壤革兰氏阳性菌与阴性菌比值、真菌与细菌比值则分别降低11.64%和26.67%。冗余度分析表明,铵态氮是影响该人工林土壤微生物群落组成的最主要环境因子。可见凋落物输入量变化改变了土壤养分有效性,进而显著影响了土壤微生物群落组成,这对进一步深入探究全球气候变化对亚热带森林土壤养分循环的影响具有重要意义。  相似文献   

百山祖常绿阔叶林凋落物凋落节律及组成   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡灵芝  陈德良  朱慧玲  张永华  丁炳扬 《浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)》2011,(5)

以百山祖常绿阔叶林为研究对象,用种子雨收集器收集森林凋落物,对收集到的凋落物进行分类、鉴定、称量,研究百山祖常绿阔叶林的凋落量及其组成和叶凋落物的季节动态.结果表明:1)百山祖常绿阔叶林2009年的凋落量为4 247.47 kg?hm-2?a-1,其中叶凋落量最多,占71.54%(常绿树叶51.34%,落叶树叶20.20%),树皮和枝条占3.17%,繁殖器官占19.29%,杂物占6.00%;2)9个优势种均具有明显的叶凋落节律,根据其特征可分为3类:仅在秋冬出现凋落高峰的落叶树;仅在夏季出现高峰的常绿树;在夏季和秋冬均出现高峰的常绿树;3)与同纬度的常绿阔叶林样地相比,百山祖常绿阔叶林的凋落量较少,这是对一定地带性环境的综合反映;4)叶凋落高峰受花期、果期的影响,同时也受台风天气的影响.  相似文献   

福建柏人工林凋落物的养分动态特征   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

林成芳  李震  牛志鹏  张有利  韩永刚  陈光水 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,34(1):63-66

探讨了福建三明莘口教学林场 33年生的福建柏人工林凋落物的养分特征及其动态.结果表明:凋落物各组分中N、P、K含量差异显著,其月动态也不同;福建柏人工林N、P、K通过凋落物归还土壤,年归还量分别为 51. 275、2. 794、29. 416kg·hm-2;落叶是养分归还的主要组分;福建柏N和P年归还量明显比杉木林及其他针叶林大,这对维持林地的长期生产力具有重要意义;凋落物的N、P总归还量的月动态相似,均在 5和 12月份出现高峰, 12月份最高, 10月份最低;各组分养分归还量的月动态与总归还量略有不同.  相似文献   

西南干旱对哀牢山常绿阔叶林凋落物及叶面积指数的影响     

杞金华  章永江  张一平  刘玉洪  鲁志云  武传胜  温韩东 《勤云标准版测试》2013,33(9):2877-2885

为探讨2010年初西南干旱对这一地区原生植被林冠和凋落物量的影响,以及这一地区凋落物量和气候条件之间的关系,对比研究了哀牢山亚热带常绿阔叶林2010年和一般年份的凋落物特征以及各层的叶面积指数,并分析了凋落物量和气候因子之间的关系.2010年凋落物总量和往年相比无显著差异,但是叶凋落总量、旱季凋落物总量、旱季叶凋落量为历年来最高,其中旱季叶凋落物量比一般年份平均高35.2％ (0.81 t/hm2).而2010年附生苔蘚年凋落量为历年来最低.2010年最旱月的乔木层和灌木层叶面积指数和2005同期相比无显著差异,但是草本层叶面积指数却极显著低于2005年同期.因此,2010年初西南干旱尽管使哀牢山常绿阔叶林旱季落叶增加,但还没有到显著影响冠层叶面积指数的程度.而草本层和附生苔藓的生长则受到了干旱事件的显著影响.此外,哀牢山常绿阔叶林年总凋落量和年降水量显著正相关,而和年均温却不相关,表明该亚热带森林凋落物量主要由降水而非温度决定.  相似文献   

Carbon return and dynamics of litterfall in natural forest and monoculture plantation of Castanopsis kawakamii in subtropical China     

Guo Jianfen  Xie Jinsheng  Lu Haoliang  Liu Dongxia  Yang Yusheng  Chen Guangshui 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(1):33-36

The amount of carbon returned through litterfall and its seasonal pattern were studied in a natural forest of Castanopsis kawakamii (NF) and adjacent monoculture plantations of C. kawakamii (CK) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) (CF) in Sanming, Fujian Province, China. Mean annual carbon return through total litterfall over 3 years (from 1999 to 2001) was 5.097 t·hm⁻² in the NF, 4.337 t·hm⁻² in the CK and 2.502 t·hm⁻² in the CF respectively. Of the total carbon return in the three forests, leaf contribution accounted for 58.96%, 68.53% and 56.12% and twig 24.41%, 22.34% and 26.18%, respectively. The seasonal patterns of carbon return from total litterfall and leaf-litter were quite similar among the three forests. A peak of carbon input from litterfall in the NF and the CK occurred in spring except for the highest annual C return through branch litter of the NF in summer, while the CF showed the maximum C return in summer. The results of this study demonstrate that the natural forest has a greater C return through litterfall than monoculture plantations, which is beneficial to the increase of soil organic matter storage and the maintenance of soil fertility. [Supported by the Teaching and Research Award Program of MOE P.R.C. (TRAPOYT) and the Key Basic Research Project of Fujian Province (2000F004)]  相似文献   

Carbon, water and nutrient flux in Maya homegardens in the Yucatán peninsula of México     

T. J. Benjamin  P. I. Montañez  J. J. M. Jaménez  A. R. Gillespie 《Agroforestry Systems》2001,53(2):103-111

The Yucatán Peninsula of México has shallow soils and receives low amounts of precipitation, and has therefore low agricultural potential. Lacking large-scale irrigation from rivers and adequate rainfall, the indigenous Maya groups maintain agricultural productivity by adapting a variety of practices. Multistrata homegardens, one of their agricultural systems, have provided goods for trade, sale and personal consumption for many centuries. Nevertheless, an understanding of the controlling biological factors and interactions within these systems can lead to yield improvements. Photosynthetic rates, water use and litter production for a variety of species have been studied in these gardens to determine how Maya management impacts resource flow, productivity and diversity. When irrigated, diurnal photosynthetic rates nearly doubled for Manilkara zapota and water use increased two fold for M. zapota and Cordia dodecandra. Total litter production in traditional homegardens varied from 1,000 to 4,000 kg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and ten arboreal species were found to contribute more than 33% of total litterfall biomass. Nutrient concentrations in the leaves of the predominant species were analyzed; Meliococcusbijugatus and Spondias purpurea were found to contribute the largest quantities of N, P and C. Our research indicates that species and structural diversity are critical to sustainability of homegardens, allowing efficient use and transfer of carbon, nutrients and water. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献