桉树不同成熟度叶片营养元素内循环特征     

吉玉  田湘  张雨蒙  吴庆标 《森林与环境学报》2021,(3):242-247

揭示桉树人工林不同成熟度的叶片器官所需营养元素变化以及土壤肥力对其影响,对于桉树营林和科学施肥具有重要的生产指导意义。选取广西隆安县小林镇和田东县思林镇的桉树2代萌芽林作为研究对象,测定两个人工林嫩叶、成熟叶、黄叶的C、N、P、K、B、Ca、Mg以及土壤C、N、P、K、Ca、Mg元素含量,并进行相关分析。结果表明,植物叶片的N、P、K、Mg营养元素转移规律是黄叶向成熟叶和嫩叶转移,但C、Ca、B营养元素则是随着叶片的生长发育逐渐积累,黄叶中含量最高,说明施肥时应关注Ca、B元素的持续和有效供给。两片人工林都表现出类似的规律,说明土壤肥力的差异不影响桉树人工林叶片营养元素的内循环规律。桉树嫩叶营养元素含量及其生态化学计量比学特征具有与成熟叶和黄叶不同的表征,在营养物质研究中应予以足够重视。  相似文献   

钙在橄榄树器官中的定量研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

钟明  甘廉生 《中国南方果树》2004,33(4):21-23

本研究用原子吸收光谱法分析了果园土壤及橄榄树体各器官中钙量和不同组分钙的含量。结果表明：0～30cm土层中钙含量最高为0．65mg／g。橄榄器官中叶的钙含量最高为4．523mg／g，其次为根、果、结果枝。地上部器官钙含量由主干一主枝一结果枝一叶片逐渐增加。在各器官中钙主要以醋酸溶钙和盐酸溶钙的形式存在。  相似文献   

A method to test wheat leaves for their reactions to inoculation with Septoria species     

E. Ubels 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1979,85(3):143-150

The construction and application is described of a polystyrol humidity box in which wheat leaves, while continuing to function as parts of living plants, can be tested for their reactions toSeptoria spp. in an atmosphere nearly saturated with water, as is required for successful infection. The method is simple, accurate ans inexpensive.Samenvatting Voor dit doel is een z.g. vochtdoos geconstrueerd (Fig. 1A). Het te toetsen blad wordt daar doorheen geleid en in de doos geïnoculeerd met een druppel conidiën-suspensie van de schimmel. Onder het blad staat wat water in de doos (Fig. 1B). Na afsluiting ontstaat in de doos de hoge luchtvochtigheid van bijna 100% die nodig is voor de infectie. Dit wordt op deze wijze eenvoudig en goedkoop gerealiseerd. De bladeren die zo worden getoetst blijven onbeschadigd functioneren aan de plant. Na enkele dagen kan de doos worden geopend en kan de symptoom-ontwikkeling worden afgewacht en gevolgd (Fig. 3A, 3B en 4). De methode leent zich voor nauwkeurig werk en vereist zeer weinig infectiemateriaal. De Technische en Fysische Dienst voor de Landbouw (TFDL), Wageningen, ontwierp en construeerde een statief voor het gebruik van de vochtdozen in serie (Fig. 2).  相似文献   

Olive processing wastes for weed control   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Ö Boz  M N Do&#;an  & F Albay 《Weed Research》2003,43(6):439-443

The herbicidal effect of olive processing wastes (OPW) on some weed species in wheat, maize and sunflower was investigated in the Aegean region of Turkey. In trials with maize and sunflower, OPW was applied as an air‐dried solid form at 3 and 4.5 kg m^?2. It provided an effectiveness level on Portulaca oleracea of 63–98%. In trials with wheat, OPW was applied as solid and liquid forms, each at two different doses, namely 4.5 and 6 kg m^?2 (solid), and 5 and 10 L m^?2 (liquid). Solid OPW provided a reduction in total weed coverage of 75% and 81% at doses of 4.5 and 6 kg m^?2, respectively. The weed coverage reduction by liquid OPW was 39% and 62% with 5 and 10 L m^?2, respectively. Apart from 12–26% reduction of the number of germinating seeds, OPW showed no toxic effects on maize and sunflower. Wheat was affected in the initial stages but no adverse effect was detected at harvest. It can be concluded that the herbicidal effect of OPW may be considered as an alternative to chemical weed control in some important summer crops (maize and sunflower) and for most of the weeds in winter wheat.  相似文献   

芒果叶片生化特性与炭疽病发生的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

蒲金基  王向社  梁活华  刘晓妹 《果树学报》2004,21(5):434-437

研究了芒果叶片生化特性与炭疽病发生之间的关系。田间自然发病调查和室内人工接种鉴定结果均表明,随着芒果叶片由最初的古铜色向淡绿色和深绿色叶片的逐渐成熟老化,抗病性逐渐增强。对芒果叶片表面蜡质层和叶内可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、总酚含量及细胞膜相对透性的测定结果表明,与淡绿色叶片和老叶相比较,古铜色叶片含有较少的表面蜡质、叶内可溶性糖和总酚含量及较多的游离氨基酸,推断古铜色叶片对病害的易感性可能与其叶面蜡质和叶内总酚含量较少、叶内可溶性糖和游离氨基酸的比值(C/N比)较低有关。  相似文献   

Polyphenols in Eucalyptus leaves improved the egg and meat qualities and protected against ethanol‐induced oxidative damage in laying hens          下载免费PDF全文

W. Li  J. Miao  N. Chen  X. Shao  Y. Cao 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(1):214-223

Polyphenols in Eucalyptus leaves (PE) were value resources due to various pharmacological activities, but data on the effect on laying hens are very scare. This study was conducted to determine the effect of PE on the laying performance, egg traits, meat quality, antioxidant status and liver tissues of laying hens. One hundred and twenty 256‐day‐old Yueqinhuang laying hens were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (different levels of PE at 0, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.2 g/kg diet) for 63 days with 15 replicates per group. Addition of 0.8 g/kg PE not only improved the egg trait by increasing the eggshell thickness and decreasing MDA production and cholesterol content in the egg yolk, but also significantly enhanced meat quality of hens, as suggested by the increase pH_45 min (p < .01) and a* value, and decrease drip loss rate (p < .01). Meanwhile, under acute ethanol‐induced oxidative damage condition, supplementation of 0.8 g/kg PE enhanced the serum antioxidant status by increasing enzymatic activities (GSH‐PX, T‐SOD, T‐AOC), inhibited oxidative damage and provided protective effect to liver tissue. In conclusion, addition of 0.8 g/kg PE not only improved the egg traits and meat quality without obvious adverse effects, but also increased the serum antioxidant status of the hens and protected their liver tissue from ethanol‐induced oxidative damage. This study indicated that PE could be utilized as an effective feed additive for laying hens to improve health performance and egg traits.  相似文献   

Effect of Different Concentrate-roughage Ratios on Rumen Degradability of Cassava Stems and Leaves Total Mixed Ration in Goat   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

HU Lin  WANG Ding-fa  LI Wei  ZHOU Lu-li  LI Mao  ZHOU Han-lin 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(11):2914-2921

The rumen degradations of TMR were studied in this experiment,in which cassava stems and leaves were used as roughage and formulated with concentrate in different proportions.The purpose of this study was to formulate the available TMR for finishing goat,and provide a theoretical basis for the applications of cassava stems and leaves in goat production.Six Hainan Black goats with permanent rumen fistulas were selected,the rumen degradabilities of DM,CP,NDF and ADF of TMR with 6 different concentrate to forage ratio（2:8,3:7,4:6,5:5,6:4 and 7:3）were tested using nylon bag method.The results showed that,the DM effective degradabilities at the ratio of 4:6,5:5,6:4,7:3 were significantly higher than that of 2:8 and 3:7（P<0.05).CP effective degradabilities at the ratio of 2:8,3:7,4:6 were significantly higher than that of 5:5,6:4 and 7:3（P<0.05).The NDF effective degradation at the ratio of 5:5 was significantly higher than that in the other groups（P<0.05).The ADF degradation at the ratio of 3:7 was significantly higher than that of 4:6,5:5, 6:4 and 7:3（P<0.05).The results indicated that,the nutrient degradation in rumen were higher when the concentrate to forage（cassava stems and leaves）ratio in TMR were 3:7,4:6 and 5:5,and the recommended ratio range were 4:6 to 5:5 in production practice.  相似文献   

银杏-杜仲叶发酵物对脂多糖应激肉仔鸡的肠道功能和免疫反应的影响     

张旭晖  曹银娣  孙智远  陈玉连  曹福亮 《动物营养学报》2023,(4):2196-2208

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加银杏-杜仲叶发酵物（FGEL）对脂多糖（LPS）应激肉仔鸡的生长性能、肠道结构、消化吸收功能和免疫反应的影响，并与未发酵银杏-杜仲叶（GEL）进行比较。采用2×3双因子试验设计，即2种免疫应激处理（腹腔注射LPS或注射等量生理盐水）和3种饲粮处理（基础饲粮及在基础饲粮中添加0.40%GEL或0.40%FGEL的试验饲粮）。选取1日龄健康爱拔益加（AA）肉仔鸡360只，随机分为6个处理，每个处理均设6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。试验期为21 d。在试验第13、15、17、19和21天，3个应激处理的试鸡腹腔注射500μg/kg BW的LPS，其他3个处理注射等量的生理盐水。在试验第21天最后1次注射后2～4 h进行屠宰取样。结果表明：1）与对照饲粮相比，饲粮添加FGEL的肉仔鸡料重比（F/G）有显著改善（P=0.024），饲粮添加FGEL显著缓解了LPS应激肉仔鸡平均日增重（ADG）(P=0.023)和血清D-木糖的含量（P=0.011）的降低。2）与对照饲粮相比，饲粮添加FGEL显著缓解了LPS应激肉仔鸡十二指肠（P=0.011）和空肠（P=0.030）的相对重量...  相似文献   

Pre-breeding for resistance to Verticillium wilt in olive: Fishing in the wild relative gene pool     

《Crop Protection》2015

This study aimed to identify new sources of resistance to Verticillium wilt in olive. We evaluated various types of genotypes: wild olive trees (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris), genotypes belonging to related subspecie (Olea europaea subsp. guanchica) and genotypes coming from crosses between Picual cultivar and wild olive trees. Fifty-six genotypes were inoculated by dipping roots and then screened under controlled conditions to test their resistance to a highly virulent Defoliating isolate of Verticillium dahliae. Picual (susceptible) and Frantoio (resistant) were control cultivars. Wide variability and significant differences were obtained in the evaluated disease parameters. The Relative Susceptibility Index (RSI), summarizing the disease parameters, was used for final classification of genotypes. Thirteen genotypes were categorized as resistant: eight wild olives from different locations, two genotypes belonging to subsp. guanchica populations from Canary Islands and three genotypes obtained from one of the crosses Picual x wild. The identification of high levels of resistance to V. dahliae among wild olive genotypes may be helpful for the management of this disease. The resistant genotypes could be used as rootstocks for susceptible olive cultivars or parents in future breeding programs.  相似文献   

何首乌茎尖嫩叶主要营养成分分析及评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王沁 《长江蔬菜》2014,(12):50-52

测定了何首乌茎尖嫩叶的VB2、VC、粗纤维等主要营养成分含量和K、Fe、Zn等矿质元素含量,以期为何首乌茎尖嫰叶的合理开发利用提供理论依据。结果表明,何首乌茎尖嫩叶营养丰富,各种营养成分较为全面,其主要营养成分和矿质元素含量也远远高于其他4种常见蔬菜,这为何首乌茎尖嫩叶的食用价值提供了科学依据,也为改善人们的膳食营养和餐饮文化、开发蔬菜资源及提高其利用价值提供了参考。  相似文献