柑橘幼果发育期碳水化合物代谢及其与生长发育的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐昌杰  张上隆 《果树学报》2001,18(1):20-23

温州蜜柑幼果在盛花后逐渐生长 盛花后6 d开始大量脱落 日本甜夏橙幼果在盛花后12 d内重量未增加，一直处于急剧落果期。甜夏橙幼果中蔗糖含量高出温州蜜柑20多倍，种间还原糖含量变化趋势略有不同。两种柑橘的淀粉含量变化也不同，但它们的淀粉含量与淀粉酶活性、幼果相对脱落率均呈负相关。对幼果碳水化合物代谢与生长、脱落的关系作了讨论。  相似文献   

姜片虫虫体抗原氨基酸的测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

喻诚沼  马细妹  任园 《江西农业大学学报》1989,(1)

本文报道4种方法制备姜片虫虫体抗原,进行氨基酸组成的测定。其氨基酸总量(mg/100ml)结果显示:Ag-F1:608.50;Ag-F2:645.80;Ag-F3:357.14;Ag-F4:501.40;以 Ag-F3总量为最低,但值得重视的是 Ag-F3的丙氨酸(8.34),组氨酸(8.60),甘氨酸(11.00);苏氨酸(12.00),均显著降低。而 Ag-F4的组氨酸(4.80)为17种氨基酸含量最低者。其原因有待探讨。  相似文献   

套袋对红富士苹果色素及糖、酸含量的影响   总被引：58，自引：4，他引：58  

王少敏  高华君  张骁兵 《园艺学报》2002,29(3):263-265

 以苹果(Malus pumila) ‘长富2’品种为试材, 研究了套袋对果皮色素及果肉糖、酸含量的影响。结果表明, 套袋果果皮色素、可溶性糖、可滴定酸具有同对照果基本相同的消长规律, 但含量均始终低于对照; 摘袋后果实可溶性糖含量迅速升高, 且花青苷积累速度明显快于对照; 套袋主要降低了果实中山梨醇和蔗糖的含量, 果糖和葡萄糖降低幅度相对较小。  相似文献   

More evidence that anaerobic oxidation of methane is prevalent in soils: Is it time to upgrade our biogeochemical models?     

《Soil biology & biochemistry》2015

Estimating future fluxes of CH₄ between land and atmosphere requires well-conceived process-based biogeochemical models. Current models do not represent the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) in land surface soils, in spite of increasing evidence that this process is widespread. Our objective was to determine whether AOM, or potential AOM, commonly occurs in 20 hydromorphic soils spanning a wide range of chemical properties. Bulk soil samples were collected under shallow water near the shoreline of 15 recently drained fish ponds in southern Bohemia (Czech Republic), as well as from below the water table at 3 peatland locations in northeast Scotland and 2 acid sulfate soils on the southern coast of Finland. Each soil slurry was incubated under both oxic and anoxic conditions, with or without the addition of alternative electron acceptors (SO₄²⁻ and NO₃⁻) or H₂PO₄⁻. Here, “oxic” and “anoxic” conditions refer to anoxic soil respectively incubated in a headspace containing air or argon. Using the isotope dilution method, we determined the gross production and oxidation rates of CH₄ after 2 days incubation under oxic headspace conditions, and after 2, 21 and 60 days incubation under anoxic conditions. Large differences in net CH₄ fluxes were observed between soil types and between incubation conditions. AOM was detected in each of the 20 bulk soil samples, which spanned >6 pH units and 2 orders of magnitude in organic C content. Significant positive relationships were found between AOM and gross CH₄ production rates under anoxic conditions, resulting in AOM rates that were sometimes higher than CH₄ oxidation rates under oxic headspace conditions. There was no relationship between net and gross CH₄ production rates, such that 2 soil types could display similar low net rates, yet conceal very large differences in gross rates. The effects of alternative electron acceptors on AOM were idiosyncratic and resulted in no net trend. We did find, however, a negative effect of SO₄²⁻ and H₂PO₄⁻ on gross CH₄ production rates under anoxic and oxic conditions respectively. Under oxic headspace conditions, CH₄ oxidation was related to soil organic C content. Taken collectively, our results suggest that AOM, or potential AOM, is prevalent over a wide range of soil types, that AOM may contribute substantially to CH₄ oxidation in soils, and that AOM in soils should be integrated to current process-based CH₄ cycling models.  相似文献   

碳纳米管的酸化处理对碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料微观结构及性能的影响     

张岚  顾继友  姜宪凯 《东北林业大学学报》2011,39(2):75-78

对多壁碳纳米管进行酸化处理,并采用原位聚合法制备了碳纳米管/聚氨酯复合材料。利用X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、动态力学分析(DMA)研究了碳纳米管酸化与否对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,碳纳米管经酸化处理后产生了羧基,碳纳米管的原位加入使得复合材料的储存模量和玻璃化转变温度都有所提高,而且经过酸化的碳纳米管对聚氨酯材料的改性要比未酸化碳纳米管对聚氨酯材料的改性效果更为显著。  相似文献   

石榴果实的糖酸组成及风味特点   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

秦改花  黄文江  赵建荣  邓盾  周玉丽 《热带作物学报》2011,32(11):2148-2151

采用高效液相色谱法测定4种石榴成熟期果实中糖和酸的组成,并对其味感值和糖酸组分与果实风味指标间的相关性进行分析。结果表明,石榴果实中可溶性糖组分有蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖和山梨醇,其中葡萄糖和果糖含量最高,分别占总糖含量的43.84%~48.36%和49.18%~50.67%。4个品种中,"玉石籽"的总糖含量最高,"白皮"的最低。石榴果实中主要有机酸是奎宁酸、琥珀酸、草酸、L-苹果酸、莽草酸、柠檬酸和D-苹果酸,其中"玛瑙籽"的总酸含量最高,"青皮"的最低。石榴果实中果糖的味感值最大、其次是葡萄糖;味感值最大的酸是奎宁酸,其次为柠檬酸。相关性分析结果表明,石榴果实的糖酸比与甜味/酸味比值之间呈极显著正相关,各品种间糖酸比(甜味/酸味比值)的差异主要取决于有机酸的含量,与糖含量无关。综合其风味特点,"青皮"和"玉石籽"是甜味较浓的品种,"白皮"和"玛瑙籽"则是酸味较浓的品种。  相似文献   

The Olsen P/solution P relationship as affected by soil properties     

I. Sánchez‐Alcalá  M. C. del Campillo  V. Barrón  J. Torrent 《Soil Use and Management》2014,30(4):454-462

  相似文献   

不同供磷水平小麦苗期根系特征与其相对产量的关系   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

孙海国  张福锁  杨军芳 《华北农学报》2001,16(3):98-104

研究了缺磷条件下不同基因型小麦苗期根系形态学及生理学适应特征 ,结果表明 :在缺磷环境中 ,小麦根轴数量和侧根长度明显减小 ,同化物向根部的分配比例增加 ,根轴长度、侧根数量和根系长度等均是显著提高。供试基因型小麦的根轴数量及其长度的差异在每个供磷水平及不同供磷水平之间均是显著的 ,说明这两种性状的差异是由基因型和环境因素共同决定的 ;而侧根特征的差异只在不同供磷水平之间是显著的 ,表明侧根性状主要是受环境因素控制的。对 6种基因型小麦的研究表明 ,高磷水平的小麦种子根的生长角度明显低于低磷处理的小麦 ,根角之间存在着显著的基因型差异。在缺磷条件下 ,6种基因型小麦完整根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶活性、根轴数量、根轴长度、根生长角度和根系长度之间均存在着显著的基因型差异。相关分析表明 ,缺磷条件下的小麦苗期根系形态指标和根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶活性的交互作用与小麦的相对产量之间具有显著的线性关系 ,这种关系说明以上 5种性状均可作为早期有效地筛选磷高效小麦品种的指标  相似文献   

有机废水产酸发酵的生理生态学分析   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

任南琪  王宝贞 《中国沼气》1995,13(1):1-6

通过对产酸发酵细菌细胞内生物物理化学及发酵途径分析表明，控制生物产酸发酵类型的主要因素有ＮＡＤＨ／ＮＡＤ＋平衡和发酵产物酸性末端数量。根据微生物的生理生态学原理及试验结果分析，证实所发现的乙醇型发酵优于丁酸型发酵和丙酸型发酵。此外，还对氢分压与丙酸积累的相关性提出新的见解。  相似文献   

Effect of Lime and Flooding on Phosphorus Availability and Rice Growth on Two Acidic Lowland Soils     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(3-4):313-336

Abstract

Loss of soil‐water saturation may impair growth of rainfed lowland rice by restricting nutrient uptake, including the uptake of added phosphorus (P). For acidic soils, reappearance of soluble aluminum (Al) following loss of soil‐water saturation may also restrict P uptake. The aim of this study was to determine whether liming, flooding, and P additions could ameliorate the effects of loss of soil‐water saturation on P uptake and growth of rice. In the first pot experiment, two acid lowland soils from Cambodia [Kandic Plinthaqult (black clay soil) and Plinthustalf (sandy soil)] were treated with P (45 mg P kg^?1 soil) either before or after flooding for 4 weeks to investigate the effect of flooding on effectiveness of P fertilizer for rice growth. After 4 weeks, soils were air dried and crushed and then wet to field capacity and upland rice was grown in them for an additional 6 weeks. Addition of P fertilizer before rather than after flooding depressed the growth of the subsequently planted upland rice. During flooding, there was an increase in both acetate‐extractable Fe and the phosphate sorption capacity of soils, and a close relationship between them (r²=0.96–0.98). When P was added before flooding, Olsen and Bray 1‐extractable P, shoot dry matter, and shoot P concentrations were depressed, indicating that flooding decreased availability of fertilizer P. A second pot experiment was conducted with three levels of lime as CaCO₃ [to establish pH (CaCl₂) in the oxidized soils at 4, 5, and 6] and four levels of P (0, 13, 26, and 52 mg P kg^?1 soil) added to the same two acid lowland rice soils under flooded and nonflooded conditions. Under continuously flooded conditions, pH increased to over 5.6 regardless of lime treatment, and there was no response of rice dry matter to liming after 6 weeks' growth, but the addition of P increased rice dry matter substantially in both soils. In nonflooded soils, when P was not applied, shoot dry matter was depressed by up to one‐half of that in plants grown under continuously flooded conditions. Under the nonflooded conditions, rice dry matter and leaf P increased with the addition of P, but less so than in flooded soils. Leaf P concentrations and shoot dry matter responded strongly to the addition of lime. The increase in shoot dry matter of rice with lime and P application in nonflooded soil was associated with a significant decline in soluble Al in the soil and an increase in plant P uptake. The current experiments show that the loss of soil‐water saturation may be associated with the inhibition of P absorption by excess soluble Al. By contrast, flooding decreased exchangeable Al to levels below the threshold for toxicity in rice. In addition, the decreased P availability with loss of soil‐water saturation may have been associated with a greater phosphate sorption capacity of the soils during flooding and after reoxidation due to occlusion of P within ferric oxyhydroxides formed.  相似文献