花生种子特异启动子AHSSP1的克隆及功能分析     

孙全喜  徐洪明  李春娟  闫彩霞  赵小波  王娟  苑翠玲  单世华 《核农学报》2020,34(3):460-467

为丰富花生种子特异启动子资源,本研究利用PCR技术在花生基因组中克隆了种子贮藏蛋白基因PSC32的启动子AHSSP1,利用半定量RT-PCR检测了PSC32基因表达模式,借助NewPLACE在线分析了AHSSP1序列中存在的顺式作用元件,并构建了AHSSP1驱动GUS报告基因的表达载体,经农杆菌转化获得转基因拟南芥,经GUS组织化学染色鉴定了该启动子的功能。结果表明,PSC32基因957 bp长的启动子AHSSP1序列具备种子特异表达启动子特有的3个RY REPEAT元件。半定量RT-PCR分析发现,PSC32基因在花生成熟种子中表达,而在饱果成熟期根、茎、叶片、花、入土前的果针、成熟种子的果壳中均不表达。GUS组织化学染色发现,转基因拟南芥成熟种子以及萌发种子的子叶、下胚轴和胚根均能够被染上蓝色;长出真叶后,子叶和下胚轴仍能被染色,而根和真叶不能被染上蓝色;成年期转基因拟南芥的叶片也不能被染上蓝色。而野生型拟南芥整个生长时期均不能被染上蓝色。以上现象说明AHSSP1是一个种子特异启动子。本研究丰富了花生种子特异启动子的资源,对花生籽仁品质改良或以花生籽仁作为“生物反应器”的研究具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

平托花生草粉替代不同比例精料喂兔效果研究     

黄秀声  郑仲登  应朝阳  唐龙飞  黄勤楼 《家畜生态》2011,(3):35-39

为研究平托花生草粉替代不同比例精料饲喂新西兰大白兔生长效果,用平托花生草粉分别替代10%、15%、20%精料与对照（CK）共4个处理组。经45 d喂养试验,结果表明在日增重、屠体品质方面与全精料饲喂的对照组差异不显著,其中平托花生草粉替代10%精料的处理Ⅰ肉兔生长速度最快,日增重达22.56 g/d,料肉比为2.51∶1;在兔肉氨基酸含量方面,利用平托花生草粉分别替代10%、20%和30%的精料处理的兔肉氨基酸总量分别为68.91%、70.97%、68.51%,与全部精料饲喂的对照相比,替代20%精料的处理在氨基酸总量和人体必需氨基酸含量方面都得到了不同程度的提高;在经济效益方面,替代10%的精料,提高经济效益7.49%。说明可以利用平托花生草粉替代部分精料,达到同样的饲养效果,并节约饲粮,其中以平托花生草粉替代10%的处理饲养效果最好。  相似文献   

Impact of Variable Potassium on Metabolism,Oil, and Seed Quality of Groundnut     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(19):2504-2511

To study the impact of variable potassium (K) on biomass, economic yield, and role of K in groundnut (Arachis hypogeae L.) metabolism, plants were grown in refined sand at different levels of K, ranging from 0.5 to 16 mM. The concentration of K increased with increase in supply in all parts of groundnut. Both low (<4 mM) and excess (>4 mM) K increased the activity of peroxidase, ATPase, and acid phosphatase and decreased the concentration of chlorophyll in leaves significantly. Low (<4 mM) and excess (>4 mM) concentrations of K inhibited pod and kernel (seed) formation in groundnut. Potassium stress (both low and excess) deteriorated the quality of groundnut seed by decreasing the concentrations of starch, protein, and oil and increasing that of sugars in seeds. The activities of certain enzymes also altered in K stress in leaves and seeds of groundnut.  相似文献   

Effects of Paclobutrazol on Dry Matter Distribution and Yield in Peanut     

《Plant Production Science》2013,16(1):90-94

Abstract

Paclobutrazol (PB), an inhibitor of endogenous gibberellin synthesis, was applied to peanut plants altered dry-matter distribution and increased seed yield. PB solution at a concentration of 100, 200 or 400 ppm was sprayed on foliage at the beginning of the pod formation stage (BPFS), the early pod filling stage (EPFS) and the middle pod filling stage (MPFS) .The height of the plants treated with PB at BPFS and EPFS was shorter than that of the control plants by more than 10 and 5 cm, respectively. The pod number of the plants treated with 100 or 200 ppm PB at any developmental stage was higher than that of the plants treated with 0 or 400 ppm PB. The seed yield was increased by PB applied at any stage, and the yield after the treatment with 100 or 200 ppm PB at BPFS or EPFS was approximately 370 gm~².  相似文献   

花生多胺氧化酶的组织化学定位及显微拍摄     

吴东醒  何生根 《仲恺农业技术学院学报》1999,12(1):1-4

报告了花生幼苗（苗龄为６ｄ）中多胺氧化酶的组织化学定位，并就该酶定位研究中的摄影问题提出了几点看法  相似文献   

Role of Testa, Cotyledons and Embryonic Axis in Seed Dormancy of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)     

A. Bandyopadhyay  P. C. Nautiyal  T. Radhakrishnan  H. K. Gor 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1999,182(1):37-41

Experiments were carried out during winter–summer (January–June) season to understand the role of seed testa, cotyledons and embryonic axis in imparting dormancy of some groundnut cultivars belonging to different habit groups. Crop was harvested at four maturity stages; 90, 100, 110 and 121 days after emergence (DAE). After drying the pods in shade for 2 days, the germination of seeds with (GST) and without (GSW) testa in rolled germination towels and seeds, and embryonic axes (GEM) in culture media from individual plants of a cultivar was studied. Seed testa played an important role in imparting dormancy followed by the cotyledons, and embryonic axis. However, the nature of dormancy of embryonic axis appeared to be different from that of the testa and cotyledons. Results suggested that the dormancy in groundnut is regulated mainly by testa (a maternal tissue) in the Spanish type, but by cotyledons, and embryonic axis (both zygotic tissue) as well as testa in Virginia types. Thus the genetic control of seed dormancy in groundnut appears to be quantitative in nature.  相似文献   

利用RIL群体和自然群体检测与花生含油量相关的SSR标记     

黄莉  赵新燕  张文华  樊志明  任小平  廖伯寿  姜慧芳  陈玉宁 《作物学报》2011,37(11):1967-1974

以远杂9102×中花5号杂交后代衍生的重组近交系F₈代家系为材料，在含油量测试的基础上，选用10份低油材料(平均含油量52.91%)、12份高油材料(平均含油量58.85%)以及亲本进行SSR引物筛选，通过631对SSR引物扩增，筛选出来源于7对引物的13个有显著差异的片段可以有效区分低油材料和高油材料。以这7对差异引物在F₈ RIL群体中扩增，对20份低油家系材料(含油量<55%)和45份高油家系材料(含油量>56%)进行统计分析，获得1个与花生含油量相关的分子标记2A5-250/240，其中，标记2A5-250为低油材料(含油量<55%)所拥有，相符率为95.0%，标记2A5-240为高油材料(含油量>56%)所拥有，相符率为88.9%。用SSR标记2A5-250/240检测11份高油(平均含油量为55.93%)栽培种花生和11份低油(平均含油量为48.41%)栽培种花生，结果表明，标记2A5-240与高油栽培种花生的符合率为63.6%，2A5-250与低油栽培种花生的符合率为90.9%。在19份高油(平均含油量为58.60%)野生花生中，10份野生花生能检测到标记2A5-240。综合分析RIL群体和自然群体的研究结果表明，标记2A5-250/240可用于花生含油量分子标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

花生二倍体野生种Arachis duranensis和A. ipaensis新种间杂种的创制及鉴定     

杜培  王倩  刘华  付留洋  秦利  徐静  张忠信  李晨玉  董文召  黄冰艳  张新友 《中国油料作物学报》2022,44(3):515

野生种Arachis duranensis（AA）和A. ipaensis（BB）是花生栽培种最可能的二倍体祖先种,而其合成的四倍体是研究花生起源与进化的重要材料。本研究利用A. duranensis系（PI 497262）和A. ipaensis（PI 468322）,通过杂交、组织培养、寡核苷酸探针染色荧光原位杂交（OS FISH）和基因组原位杂交（GISH）技术创制和鉴定了一个新的种间杂种W1824,进一步对其花粉育性、减数分裂行为和表型性状进行分析,发现W1824花粉高度不育,染色体平均构型为0.5 III + 3.5 II + 11.5 I,主茎高、侧枝长和叶面积均表现出超亲优势。表明PI 497262和PI 468322具有较高的杂交亲和性,暗示由上述两个系合成的四倍体花生可能具有显著高于亲本的生物产量和不稳定的染色体遗传方式。  相似文献   

落花生茎叶中挥发性成分及芳樟醇含量的GC-MS法测定     

鉏晓艳  熊光权  廖涛  乔宇  李新  耿胜荣 《湖北农业科学》2014,53(19):4701-4704

为了建立气相色谱法测定落花生(Arachis hypogaea L.)茎叶中挥发性成分及芳樟醇含量的方法,通过气相色谱-质谱联用,以石油醚为介质,分析了落花生茎叶中挥发性成分,并测定了落花生茎叶挥发油中芳樟醇的含量。结果鉴定出33种落花生茎叶挥发性成分,其中主要组分为3,7-二甲基-1,6-辛二烯-3-醇(芳樟醇,16.82%)、N-棕榈酸(17.07%)和1-辛烯-3-醇(芳樟醇的分解产物,8.82%),均能与内标物很好地分离。芳樟醇在6.25~200.00μg/m L内线性关系良好(R2=0.999 7)。石油醚中的芳樟醇浓度为10.415 mg/m L,落花生茎叶中芳樟醇浓度为578.611 mg/kg。试验结果表明,该方法适用于落花生茎叶挥发性成分及芳樟醇的测定。  相似文献   

Morphological, cytological and disease resistance studies of the intersectional hybrid between Arachis hypogaea L. and A. glabrata Benth.     

Nalini Mallikarjuna  D.C. Sastri 《Euphytica》2002,126(2):161-167

Arachis glabrata Benth, variety glabrata collector GK 10596 (PI276233; ICG 8176) belonging to section Rhizomatosae has resistance to rust, late leaf spot and viral diseases. A. hypogaea L. cv MK 374 (section Arachis) is susceptible to rust, late leaf spot and to the viral diseases peanut stripe, peanut mottle and peanut bud necrosis. Hybrids between A. hypogaea cv MK 374 and A. glabrata were produced after inter specific pollinations and embryo culture. The hybrids produced had morphological characters of both parents plus floral abnormalities not seen in either parent. It was possible to identify the hybrids by esterase isozyme analysis when still in culture. Cytological research showed variable chromosome association and also homeology between the genomes of A. hypogaea and A. glabrata. The hybrids inherited resistance to rust, late leaf spot, peanut bud necrosis and peanut stripe diseases from the pollen parent A. glabrata. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献