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蛋白质组学研究技术及其在果树学中的应用 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7
蛋白质组研究是当今生命科学发展的一个新的增长点,它能阐明基因组所表达的真正执行生命活动的全 部蛋白质的表达规律和生物功能。简要介绍了蛋白质组学产生的科学背景、研究方法和研究内容。蛋白质组学研究 方法主要有双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(2D-PAGE)、质谱(Mass-spectrometric)技术、蛋白质芯片(Protein chips)技术、酵母 双杂交系统(Yeast two-hybrid system)、双向高效柱层析和生物信息学等。其应用的范围包括植物群体遗传学、在个体 水平上植物对生物和非生物环境的适应机制、植物的发育和组织器官的分化过程,以及不同亚细胞结构在生理生态 过程中的作用等诸多方面。同时展望了植物蛋白质组学研究前景以及蛋白质组学技术在果树学中的应用前景。 相似文献
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玉米籽粒发育早期,代谢活动旺盛,细胞分裂与增大活跃,为后续贮藏物质的合成形成充足库容。为阐明籽粒早期发育的蛋白合成、积累与调控过程,本研究以夏玉米品种登海661为试验材料,在开花期人工饱和授粉后第3、第5、第10天取果穗中部籽粒,利用同位素标记相对定量(iTRAQ)技术分析其蛋白差异表达特性。玉米籽粒早期发育阶段总计鉴定及定量2639种蛋白,这些蛋白涉及多种生物过程与分子功能,其中代谢过程和分子过程是最主要的2个生物过程;催化活性和绑定功能是最主要的2个分子功能,这些生物过程与分子功能对籽粒早期发育具有重要作用。定量分析结果表明137种蛋白在籽粒发育早期显著差异表达,其功能涉及蛋白代谢、胁迫响应、细胞生长与分裂、碳水化合物与能量代谢、转运、次生物质代谢、淀粉合成、转录、油脂代谢、信号转导、氨基酸代谢等。其中,表达差异较大的是与蛋白代谢、胁迫响应、细胞生长与分裂以及碳水化合物与能量代谢相关的蛋白。表达模式聚类结果显示这些不同功能类别的蛋白协同表达,共同调控玉米籽粒的早期发育。 相似文献
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双向电泳技术在蛋白质组学研究领域中处于核心地位。从样品制备、第一向等电聚焦电泳及第二向SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、蛋白检测等关键环节方面对双向电泳技术的研究进展作了详细综述，并简要分析评价了以经典双向电泳为基础发展起来的差异凝胶电泳；同时重点介绍了双向电泳技术在农业生物蛋白质组学研究领域中的应用范围，为进一步开发利用提供参考；最后对双向电泳技术的发展前景作了展望。 相似文献
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对玉米温光敏感雄性不育-可育 “两用系”9417的不育型和可育型叶片中的叶绿体蛋白质组进行研究，试图找出不育型与可育型的差异蛋白,确定导致不育的蛋白。利用SDS PAGE凝胶电泳，对玉米雄性不育 可育“两用系”不育型与可育型8叶期功能叶叶绿体蛋白质组中的差异蛋白进行分析。结果表明，不育型与可育型存在3条蛋白差异条带，其中No.1条带为不育型中新出现的蛋白质条带，而其余两条条带只在表达丰度上有差别。利用MALDI TOF MS方法，运用MASCOT软件于NCBI数据库中进行数据查询，结果显示No.1条带中含有3种蛋白质，而这3种差异蛋白的出现可能与玉米不育性有关。 相似文献
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Carolyn J. Broccardo Gisela Soboll Hussey Lutz Goehring Paul Lunn Jessica E. Prenni 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a biofluid that is reflective of overall health. Although proteomic profiling of human CSF has been performed in the context of a variety of disease states, this report represents the first comprehensive proteomic analysis of equine CSF. A total of 320 proteins were confidently identified across six healthy horses, and these proteins were further characterized by gene ontology terms mapped in UniProt, and normalized spectral abundance factors were calculated as a measure of relative abundance. Theses results provide an optimized protocol for analysis of equine CSF and lay the groundwork for future studies involving the study of equine CSF in the context of pathogenic disease states. 相似文献
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Enrique Maldonado-Cervantes José A. Huerta-Ocampo Gabriela M. Montero-Morán Alberto Barrera-Pacheco Eduardo Espitia-Rangel Ana P. Barba de la Rosa 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014
Amaranth is taking great attention as an important cereal crop that could fulfill food requirements for the growing population, especially in developing countries. However, the protein composition of these seeds is not well known yet. We have used the proteomics tools to characterize amaranth seed proteome. About 400 proteins spots were resolved on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and protein spots were analyzed by LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry). Identified proteins were related to stress and defense responses, metabolic, respiratory, and oxide-reduction processes. One abundant spot was identified as a Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) protein and the gene was cloned and characterized. The AcLEA cDNA contains a 418 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 139 amino acids. Bioinformatics analysis showed that AcLEA belongs to LEAs Group 5. Proteomics is a powerful technique that could be used even in non-sequenced organisms such as amaranth. The obtained information reveals that amaranth seed, beyond the classical seed storage proteins, contains proteins related to protection against stress. The identification of these proteins opens the door to the application of new strategies to improve the quality of amaranth production. 相似文献
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AIM: To investigate the protective effect of pinacidil postconditioning on rat myocardium suffering ischemia/reperfusion injury by mitochondrial proteomics. METHODS: Langendorff apparatus was used to establish the model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: pinacidil postconditioning group (Pina group) and ischemia/reperfusion injury group (I/R group). After 20 min of perfusion with K-H solution, the perfusion was suspended for 40-min (global ischemia) follow by 60 min of reperfusion in I/R group. In Pina group at the end of 40 min global ischemia, the isolated hearts were perfused with K-H solution containing pinacidil (50 μmol/L) for 2 min followed 58-min perfusion with regular K-H solution. Total proteins extracted from the mitochondria were applied to the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The differentially expressed protein spots over 2 times were evaluated by a software. Then they were subjected to in-gel digestion, and analyzed by spectrometry. RESULTS: The expression levels of NDUFA10, NDUFS2 and NDUFV2 were elevated but those of IDHA and ECH1 were decreased in Pina group compared with I/R group. Interestingly, 2 spots in the 2-DE map were identified as ATPase subunit δ. The expression levels of one spot was elevated, while the other was decreased. CONCLUSION: Pinacidil postconditioning may decrease the degree of increased expression levels of NDUFA10, NDUFS2 and NDUFV2, promote the expression of IDHA and ECH1, and induce the phosphorylation of ATPase subunit δ, which may be related to the protective mechanism of pinacidil postconditioning. 相似文献
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植物蛋白质的亚细胞定位研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
细胞是生命形式的基本组成单元,各种蛋白质按照其功能有序地分布在细胞的每个分区中。植物细胞的主要分区包括细胞膜和其他内膜系统、细胞核、细胞质以及位于其中的线粒体、叶绿体、高尔基体和内质网等各种细胞器。植物蛋白质的亚细胞定位是功能基因组学的重要内容。主要的植物蛋白质亚细胞定位技术包括:融合报告基因定位法、免疫组织化学定位法、蛋白质组学定位技术以及共分离标记酶辅助定位法,而生物信息学预测也成为亚细胞定位研究的一种重要手段。高通量蛋白质亚细胞定位技术的发展和应用,为构建定位数据库积累了数据。在模式植物拟南芥中,有亚细胞定位信息的蛋白质已经超过4 000个。 相似文献
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Maarten L.A.T.M. Hertog David R. RudellRomina Pedreschi Robert J. SchafferAnnemie H. Geeraerd Bart M. Nicolaï Ian Ferguson 《Postharvest Biology and Technology》2011,62(3):223-237
According to the dictionary, a system is something like “a group or combination of interrelated, interdependent, or interacting elements forming a collective entity”. In postharvest, fresh harvested food crops can be considered isolated small scale systems. Postharvest research aims to understand the quality of these ‘systems’ as influenced by postharvest conditions. The phenotypic quality of horticultural produce is based on genetic traits that are expressed through a cascade of reactions subject to complex regulatory mechanisms and diverse environmental conditions. Ultimately, to fully understand postharvest phenomena, a systemic approach that links genetic and environmental responses and identifies the underlying biological networks is required. Thanks to the development of high throughput omics techniques such system-wide approaches have become a viable option to support traditional postharvest research. This review provides an overview of systems biology and how it can lead postharvest research into a new era. 相似文献