Comparing microbial transformation of maize residue‐N and fertilizer‐N in soil using amino sugar‐specific 15N analysis     

Guoqing Hu  Yu Zhao  Xiao Liu  Feng Zhou  Wei Zhang  Shuai Shao  Hongbo He  Xudong Zhang 《European Journal of Soil Science》2020,71(2):252-264

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湿地松优良半同胞家系蛋白质及糖类对水分胁迫的生理响应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

童方平  方伟  马履一  宋庆安  龙应忠  吴际友  易霭琴  程勇 《中国农学通报》2006,22(12):459-459

为研究湿地松优良半同胞家系蛋白质及糖类对水分逆境的生理响应，采用盆栽试验和吸光度测定结合的方法，以湿地松普通种子为对照（CK），测定了七个湿地松半同胞家系在正常水分状态（土壤相对含水量为70%）、弱度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为55%~60%）、中度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为35%~40%）和强度水分胁迫（土壤相对含水量为20%~25%）条件下的可溶性蛋白质、还原性糖、可溶性糖的含量，研究结果表明：无论是不同水分梯度还是不同家系水平，蛋白质、还原性糖、可溶性糖含量的差异均达极显著性水平。随着水分胁迫程度的加剧，各家系蛋白质含量呈先升后降的趋势，在水分胁迫初期，各家系蛋白质含量增加，水分胁迫中、后期各家系蛋白含量呈直线下降；随着水分胁迫的加剧，各家系还原性糖、可溶性糖含量呈直线上升。家系1027、101、464在水分胁迫条件下具有较高的可溶性糖含量，其抗旱性较其它家系要强，是这三个家系速生、高产的生理原因之一。  相似文献   

降低车用柴油机排放的新技术     

张松青 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2005,(6):64-65,68

分析了柴油机排放及其危害,阐明了通过采用新结构和新技术可以有效控制柴油机的排放,为降低车用柴油机排放提供了可靠的理论依据。  相似文献   

大豆种子质量降低的主要原因及其预防措施     

肖英旭  王玉霞 《大豆科技》2009,(6):48-49

对大豆种子质量降低的原因进行了分析，认为品种混杂和丧失生活力是大豆种子质量降低的主要原因。提出了防止品种混杂、收获适时、严格种子检验、加强种子贮藏管理是预防大豆种子质量降低的主要措施。  相似文献   

Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology,and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chunhui Huang  Bo Yu  Yuanwen Teng  Jun Su  Qun Shu  Zaiquan Cheng  Liqiong Zeng 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Red Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) are particular to China. In order to determine the effects of fruit bagging treatments (including bag types, bag removal patterns and dates) on fruit qualities and to understand the mechanism of coloring of red Chinese sand pears, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ were firstly covered by light-impermeable paper bags with different levels of light permeable liners during their early development stage, then, the whole bag were/not removed or only the outer layer of bags were removed 3, 2 or 1 weeks before harvest. Thus, the fruit were/not totally re-exposed or were under different levels of sunlight transmission (80.31% or 34.71%). Non-bagged fruit were used as the control. Bagging treatments significantly affected the concentration of anthocyanin and the visual qualities of pear fruit. Compared to control, fruit re-exposed totally for 2 or 3 weeks accumulated the largest amount of anthocyanin and fruit receiving 80.31% and 34.71% of sunlight for 1–3 weeks could synthesize a little anthocyanin, indicating that high light intensity is imperative for coloring in red Chinese sand pears. Bagging treatments did not affect contents of total soluble sugars, but decreased organic acids contents in fruit. In the second experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ and ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ were covered with only one type of light-impermeable bag during the early development stage and totally re-exposed after the bag removal 15 days before harvest. Fruit were then collected at different intervals to trace the time-course of coloring, and related physiology and inner qualities. With increasing time after the bag removal, the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and total phenols changed little, but the concentration of anthocyanin accumulated extremely fast within 10 days after the bag removal in both cultivars and thereafter kept constant. ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ had higher anthocyanin contents and lower hue angle than ‘Meirensu’, indicating a higher potential of anthocyanin synthesis. After the bag removal, the sucrose contents and PAL activities increased gradually and correlation analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in two cultivars. This study suggests that anthocyanin biosynthesis in red Chinese sand pears is a highly light dependent process and modified by genotypes. Based on the current results, in order to obtain red Chinese sand pear fruit with attractive appearance and good inner qualities, fruit must be covered with light-impermeable bags at the early stage of fruit development and the bag should be removed totally at least 10 days before harvest.  相似文献   

Mineralization of “non‐metabolizable” glucose analogues in soil: potential chemosensory mimics of glucose     

《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(2):165-168

Glucose is widely used to study the dynamics of easily available organics in soil. Pure culture studies have revealed that many microorganisms can sense and respond to glucose through chemosensory mechanisms that are not directly reliant on energy catabolism. However, the rapid mineralization of glucose by microorganisms makes it difficult to disentangle its energy effects from such non‐catabolic interactions. “Non‐metabolizable” glucose analogues have proven useful in mechanistic studies of glucose in pure culture, but have never been applied to complex microbial communities in soil. We sought to determine how their mineralization in soil differs from that of glucose, and whether they have potential as a new approach for investigating chemosensory mechanisms in soil microbiology. We incubated soil from an agricultural Haplic Luvisol under controlled conditions for 24 d and monitored CO₂ efflux after addition of (1) glucose, and three “non‐metabolizable” glucose analogues: (2) 2‐deoxyglucose (DG), (3) α‐methylglucoside (αMG), and (4) 3‐O‐methyl‐glucose (OMG), at three concentration levels, along with a control. All three analogues did in fact produce a large increase in soil CO₂ efflux, but the dynamics of their mineralization differed from the rapid degradation seen for glucose. At medium and high concentrations, CO₂ efflux peaked between 2.5 and 4 d after amendment with DG and αMG, and was delayed by about one week for OMG. The markedly different patterns of mineralization between glucose and OMG offer a new tool for investigating the behavior of glucose in soil. By using OMG as a glucose model, chemosensory mechanisms could be studied with limited interference from energy catabolism.  相似文献   

E－An－76在桦木KP浆及麦草Soda－AQ浆CEH三段漂中的应用     

张潇  张大同  李忠正  高培基 《林产化学与工业》1995,(4)

研究了半纤维素酶Ｅ－Ａｎ－７６作为漂白助剂对桦木硫酸盐浆及麦草烧碱蒽醌浆ＣＥＨ三段漂的影响。结果表明：桦木ＫＰ浆用Ｅ－Ａｎ－７６预处理后再经ＣＥＨ三段漂，其白度明显高于相同用氯量下未用酶预处理的漂白浆。另一方面在保持白度不变的情况下酶处理浆的漂白可节省近５０％的用氯量。麦草Ｓｏｄａ－ＡＱ浆经Ｅ－Ａｎ－７６预处理后再经ＣＥＨ三段漂与酶未处理浆的ＣＥＨ三段漂比较亦可明显提高白度，但得率下降严重。通过对桦木ＫＰ浆酶解液中还原糖以及单糖组成分析，发现浆中再沉积或回吸的木聚糖在Ｅ－Ａｎ－７６助剂漂白中起着重要作用。  相似文献   

Effects of coppicing on the root and stump carbohydrate dynamics in birches     

K.?Luostarinen  A.?KauppiEmail author 《New Forests》2005,29(3):289-303

Whole birch stems were cut off in order to determine how coppicing affects root and stump starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose concentrations and their correlation with shoot regeneration capacity. The Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth studied included intact trees, trees that had been coppiced 8 years earlier, trees coppiced at the beginning of the experimental season, and birches that had been coppiced twice, 8 years earlier and at the beginning of the experimental season. Carbohydrate accumulation differed between 8 years earlier coppiced and intact trees. Recent coppicing clearly decreased the starch and sugar concentrations of the roots, which were often highest in the thin roots. The concentrations of these compounds in the stumps were always low, although the carbohydrate concentrations of stumps, in particular, correlated with shoot regeneration capacity. Starch was the most labile of the carbohydrates measured and most clearly reacted to coppicing. Differences in starch- and sugar-reserve dynamics indicate a difference between these birch species in the use and replenishing of root and stump reserves. This information may also be of help when the effects of other stresses, for example, severe animal damage or burning, on the regrowth of young birch stands are estimated.  相似文献   

温室辣椒化肥农药减施健康栽培技术     

冯胜利 《陕西农业科学》2021,(9):102-104

温室辣椒生产用肥量大,施药频繁,导致化肥农药投入过量,为减少化肥农药用量,通过示范推广集约化育苗、增施有机肥、基肥旋耕深施、土壤处理、病虫害绿色防控等关键健康栽培技术,提高温室辣椒品质。  相似文献   

不同产地西洋参主要活性成分检测与品质评价     

高立强  赵方杰  张吉光  赵平  苏景文  陈荣信  王启明  商文静  胡小平 《西北农业学报》2021,(9):1402-1409

为了了解不同产地西洋参的质量,应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法和分光光度法对不同产地西洋参有效成分进行测定和分析。结果表明,总皂苷、还原糖、总糖、氨基酸以及微量元素含量在不同产地西洋参中存在不同程度的差异。总皂苷含量从低到高的顺序依次为吉林抚松、山东文登、陕西留坝和加拿大多伦多样品,分别为3.12%、3.26%、3.44%和5.19%;留坝样品还原糖含量最高,为6.18%;多伦多样品总糖含量最高,为35.30%。各地西洋参样品微量元素存在差异,多伦多的铝、镁和钼含量最高,留坝的钙、钼、钾和硒含量较高,文登的钴、钾、锰、钠、铁、硒、锌、铝和镍含量较高。所有检测样品的重金属和有害元素含量均在国家对中药材的限定标准之内。  相似文献