施用羊粪对多花黑麦草生产性能和氮素生产效率的影响     

刘远  李文杨  张晓佩  高承芳  陈鑫珠  董晓宁 《江西农业学报》2015,(7)

为了探讨羊粪施用量对多花黑麦草生产性能和氮素生产效率的影响,以3个多花黑麦草品种为材料,采用5种羊粪施用梯度进行田间试验。结果表明:在0~60 t/hm2范围内,随着羊粪施用量的增加,多花黑麦草的分蘖数、株高、产量、粗蛋白含量均能显著提高,但氮素的生产效率逐步降低,且3个品种间的差异不显著(P0.05);证实3个品种均适合利用羊粪种植,在多次刈割条件下,最佳羊粪施用量为45~60 t/hm2(折合纯氮778.5~1038 kg/hm2)。  相似文献   

刈割高度对多花黑麦草新品种产量和品质的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张晓佩  高承芳  刘远  李文杨  陈鑫珠  董晓宁 《热带作物学报》2014,35(9):1695-1698

为探讨不同刈割高度对多花黑麦草新品种饲草产量和品质的影响,以2个多花黑麦草新品种为对象,采用5个刈割高度分别测定2个品种的鲜、干草产量、粗蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和干物质体外可消化率(IVDMD)。结果表明:在65 cm时刈割,所获得的鲜、干草产量最高;随着刈割高度的增加,2个黑麦草品种的粗蛋白和可溶性碳水化合物含量呈抛物线趋势变化,在刈割高度为55 cm时达到最高值;中性和酸性洗涤纤维含量则随着刈割高度的增大逐渐增加;干物质体外消化率亦呈现抛物线的趋势,在刈割高度为65 cm时达到最高。2个品种的表现规律一致。  相似文献   

试论黑麦草生产在我国农业三元种植结构调整中的地位和作用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

杨志刚  沈益新等 《四川草原》2001,(4):1-6

三元种植结构取代二元种植结构是我国现代化农业发展的必然趋势。多花黑麦草作为一种优质、高产的禾本科首选作物 ,在 5个方面的作用将对我国农业全局产生重大而深远的影响  相似文献   

Yield and quality components of silage maize in killed and live cover crop sods     

S. V. Garibay  P. Stamp  H. U. Ammon  B. Feil 《European Journal of Agronomy》1997,6(3-4):179-190

In sloping areas with high precipitation, planting maize into live winter cover crop sods may help to alleviate the environmental problems associated with clean-tillage production systems of maize. The present study evaluates the performance of silage maize (Zea mays L.) under several cultivation methods: CC (conventional cropping system, i.e., maize was sown into the bare, autumn-ploughed soil); LGS/CK (maize was planted into a living Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) sod which was subsequently herbicidally killed); and LGS/MR (similar to LGS/CK, but the ryegrass was mechanically regulated). The research was conducted in the midlands of Switzerland on a fertile sandy loam under humid conditions during three cropping seasons. With 110 kg N ha⁻¹ (fertilizer nitrogen plus mineral nitrogen of the soil at maize planting), the CC system was much more productive than were the LGS/CK and LGS/MR systems in terms of dry matter and nitrogen yields of maize. Increasing the nitrogen supply to 250 kg N ha⁻¹ considerably reduced the yield advantage of CC over the LGS/CK and LGS/MR systems, indicating that nitrogen was the most limiting factor for maize yield in the mulch seeding systems. With 250 kg N ha⁻¹, the LGS/CK and LGS/MR systems produced greater total yields of digestible organic matter (maize plus ryegrass) than did the CC system, whereas the total nitrogen yield was similar for all cropping systems. The whole-shoot concentrations of nitrogen were highest under CC, irrespective of the level of nitrogen supply. With 110 kg N ha⁻¹, concentrations of phosphorus and magnesium were clearly higher for the mulch seeding systems. There were only minor differences among the cropping methods in the concentrations of potassium and calcium in the whole shoot. When 250 kg N ha⁻¹ were applied, there were no significant variations among the cropping systems in the concentrations of minerals. Changes in the botanical composition of the cover crop sod and in the time and method of cover crop control may help to reduce the competition for nitrogen between maize and the living mulch.  相似文献   

黑麦草叶蛋白提取工艺研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杨超英  刘艳  薛正莲  杨浩 《中国农学通报》2007,23(5):14-14

采用酸化和加热相结合的方法，研究了从黑麦草中提取叶蛋白的最佳工艺条件，并分析了黑麦草叶蛋白中的氨基酸组成。结果表明黑麦草叶蛋白提取的最佳工艺条件为pH4.0，料水比1：2，凝聚温度为70℃，加热时间5min。该条件下提取的叶蛋白含量可高达70.48%。氨基酸分析显示黑麦草叶蛋白中人体必需氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸和药效氨基酸分别占总氨基酸的40.3247%、22.2439%和77.5609%。黑麦草叶蛋白具有很好的营养、保健和药用价值。  相似文献   

绿肥还田对双季稻根际土壤产甲烷古菌群落结构的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

赵晓萌  刘婧娜  易丽霞  朱波  代红翠  胡跃高  曾昭海 《作物学报》2015,41(5):698-707

利用PCR-DGGE技术及克隆文库构建方法研究,尿素、紫云英鲜草翻压还田、黑麦草鲜草翻压还田和不施氮肥4种处理对双季稻不同生育时期(早稻季:分蘖期,拔节期,成熟期;晚稻季:分蘖期,扬花期,成熟期)稻田根际土壤中产甲烷群落结构的影响。结果表明,双季稻不同取样时期和各处理中产甲烷古菌群落结构稳定且相似,早稻季和晚稻季的优势群落均为甲烷微菌目(Methanomicrobiales)、Rice Cluster I(RC-I)、甲烷鬃菌科(Methanosaetaceae)、甲烷杆菌属(Methanobacterium),但早稻季产甲烷古菌群落的Shannon-Weiner指数(H)和丰富度指数(R)整体低于晚稻季。紫云英和黑麦草鲜草翻压还田处理较尿素处理更为明显地提高了双季稻(一年)稻田根际土壤中产甲烷古菌群落的Shannon-Weiner指数和丰富度指数,但均暂未对产甲烷群落结构产生决定性影响。  相似文献   

矮壮素对黑麦草矮化效应的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guo Jun Meng Qing-hong Li Guo-liang Ren Guo-hua 《农业科技与信息》2007,(8)

本试验通过分别采用不同浓度的CCC(矮壮素)对黑麦草进行叶面喷施处理,以研究其对黑麦草生长特性及品质的影响。结果表明,施用矮壮素减缓了黑麦草地上部分的生长,抑制叶片增长,减少草坪修剪频率,促进分蘖形成,并使叶片增厚加宽,叶绿素含量提高,提高了草坪的观赏效果[1]。其中以稀释200倍的处理效果最好,且药效持续时间长。  相似文献   

施氮量对一年生黑麦草生长特性的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

刘高军  韩建国  魏臻武  王小山  武自念  杨云  甘欣  姚喜红 《草原与草坪》2011,31(1):33-36,41

研究了不同施氮水平(0、100、200和300 kg/hm2,分别表示为N0、N100、N200和N300)对扬州地区一年生黑麦草产量、分蘖数、株高等生长特性及经济效益的影响.结果表明:施氮量为100,200和300kg/hm2时,黑麦草鲜草总产量分别比不施氮增产75%,146%和134%.当施氮量达到200 kg/h...  相似文献   

Yield and N uptake as affected by soil tillage and catch crop     

E.Møller Hansen  J. Djurhuus 《Soil & Tillage Research》1997,42(4):241-252

Two field trials with spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were conducted at two locations in Denmark in order to evaluate the effects of tillage and growth of a catch crop on yield parameters under temperate coastal climate conditions. Ploughing in autumn or spring in combination with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as a catch crop was evaluated on a coarse sand (Orthic Haplohumod) from 1987 to 1992 at three rates of N fertiliser application (60, 90 and 120 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹). Rotovating and direct drilling were also included as additional tillage practices. The experiment was conducted on a 19-year-old field trial with continuous production of spring barley. Ploughing in autumn or spring in combination with stubble cultivation and a catch crop, in addition to minimum tillage, was evaluated in a newly established field trial on a sandy loam (Typic Agrudalf) from 1988 to 1992. Yield parameters and N concentrations in grain and straw were determined. On the coarse sand, N uptake in the grain in ploughed plots without a catch crop was significantly greater when spring ploughed as opposed to autumn ploughed, but grain and straw yields did not differ significantly. Grain yield, straw yield and total N uptake did not differ significantly between direct drilled and autumn ploughed plots, but the trend was for grain yield to be lower with direct drilling. After 19 years of catch crop use, yield parameters in ploughed plots were greater than in plots without catch crops. This was most pronounced in the autumn ploughed plots. Rotovating the catch crop in the spring decreased grain yield compared with underploughing the catch crop in autumn or spring. No significant interactions were found between tillage and N rates. On the sandy loam, grain as well as straw yield and total N uptake were not significantly affected by catch crop or time of ploughing. Grain yield was significantly lower with reduced tillage (stubble cultivation in autumn) than in all other treatments.  相似文献   

Short and long-term effects of elevated CO₂ on Lolium perenne rhizodeposition and its consequences on soil organic matter turnover and plant N yield     

V. Allard  C. Robin  M. Lieffering 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2006,38(6):1178-1187

It is still unclear whether elevated CO₂ increases plant root exudation and consequently affects the soil microbial biomass. The effects of elevated CO₂ on the fate of the C and nitrogen (N) contained in old soil organic matter pools is also unclear. In this study the short and long-term effects of elevated CO₂ on C and N pools and fluxes were assessed by growing isolated plants of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in glasshouses at elevated and ambient atmospheric CO₂ and using soil from the New Zealand FACE site that had >4 years exposure to CO₂ enrichment. Using ¹⁴CO₂ pulse labelling, the effects of elevated CO₂ on C allocation within the plant-soil system were studied. Under elevated CO₂ more root derived C was found in the soil and in the microbial biomass 48 h after labelling. The increased availability of substrate significantly stimulated soil microbial growth and acted as priming effect, enhancing native soil organic matter decomposition regardless of the mineral N supply. Despite indications of faster N cycling in soil under elevated CO₂, N availability to plants stayed unchanged. Soil previously exposed to elevated CO₂ exhibited a higher N cycling rate but again there was no effect on plant N uptake. With respect to the difficulties of extrapolating glasshouse experiment results to the field, we concluded that the accumulation of coarse organic matter observed in the field under elevated CO₂ was probably not created by an imbalance between C and N but was likely to be due to more complex phenomena involving soil mesofauna and/or other nutrients limitations.  相似文献