河西走廊盐渍化草地土壤生态指标的选择与分类     

闫顺国 《草业科学》1991,8(3):22-25

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盐土农业及研究进展     

丁海荣  洪立洲  王茂文  朱小梅  刘冲  刑锦城  赵宝泉  杨智青 《安徽农业科学》2011,39(34):21024-21025

综述了盐土农业新理念的产生、定义、特点及其国内外研究进展。  相似文献   

Pretreatment of hypertonic saline attenuates the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury induced by neutrophils     

KE Qing-hong  ZHENG Shu-sen  LIANG Ting-bo  XIE Hai-yang  XIA Wei-liang 《园艺学报》2007,23(7):1326-1330

AIM: To explore the effect of the pretreatment of hypertonic saline (HTS) in hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury.METHODS: The rats were divided into sham group (sham group), ischemia reperfusion group (IR group) and pretreatment of hypertonic saline group (HTS group). Partial hepatic ischemia reperfusion model was used. The rats were sacrificed at the time of 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion in each group, respectively. Blood samples were obtained to examine ALT. The expression of the CD11b/CD18 (Mac-1) on the neutrophils was analyzed by flow cytometry. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to examine the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in livers and chromatometry was performed to detect the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in livers. The morphology of hepatocytes and the structure of sinusoid were observed by histological examinations. RESULTS: ① HTS pretreatment decreased the level of ALT at the time points of 3 h, 6 h and 12 h after reperfusion (P<0.05). ② Mac-1 expression in HTS group was lower at 6 h and 12 h after reperfusion compared with IR group (P<0.05). ③ MPO activity in HTS group was lower at 6 h, 12 h and 24 h compared with IR group (P<0.05). ④ RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis indicated that the pretreatment of HTS inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 in livers after reperfusion. ⑤ Moderate hepatocyte swelling and few neutrophil infiltration were observed in HTS group.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with HTS has the effect on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the expression of Mac-1 on circulating neutrophils and the expression of ICAM-1 in the liver.  相似文献   

干旱区盐渍化沙地梨的定植技术初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘虎俊  王继和 《北方果树》2000,(3):1-3

该研究，探讨了干旱区盐渍化沙地上，苗木类型，定植方式，生存环境地梨树定植成活率的影响。杜梨苗经耐盐性锻炼后再定植于土壤含量盐量≥０．５５％的沙地上，其成活率可达８８．３％－９３．０％，定植的平均有效成本降低１６．４０元／６６６．７ｍ＾２。杜梨苗直接定植比植梨砧木成品苗的成活率高１７．０％，沟植的树行内土壤全盐量比穴植的低０．６２％，二者苗木成活率差异明显。梨园行间种植甜菜的苹果梨年生长量为行间土地  相似文献   

Reclamation of saline‐sodic soil under a rice–wheat system by horizontal surface flushing     

A. K. Nayak  D. K. Sharma  V. K. Mishra  P. S. Minhas  C. L. Verma 《Soil Use and Management》2008,24(4):337-343

Saline sodic soil with a high content of soluble carbonates is one of the important agricultural soils on the Central Indo‐Gangetic plains and elsewhere. Conventional reclamation procedures using gypsum application followed by vertical leaching (GC) is uneconomic; high ECe and precipitation of applied gypsum, reacting with soluble carbonates, reduce the efficacy of gypsum in these soils. This paper reports results from a project designed to evaluate reclamation by irrigation of the ploughed soil and turning of soil with a power tiller followed by flushing of standing water after 24 h, a second flushing after 7 days and subsequent application of gypsum and vertical leaching (GF2). Average rice and wheat production after GF2 significantly increased (25 and 62%, respectively) over the conventional practice. Compared with conventional treatment, GF2 significantly reduced the ECe and SAR of the soil and improved physical properties such as ζ‐potential, dispersible clay content, water stable aggregates expressed as MWD, and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Split application of gypsum between flushing (GF1/2 and GF2/3) gave similar results to GF2 in terms of soil amelioration and crop production.  相似文献   

盐生植被的保护、利用及盐碱荒地的生态治理   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐恒刚布和  刘书润 《四川草原》2004,(3):8-10

阐述了盐生植被的脆弱性及其在荒漠系统中的作用,提出了我国目前恢复盐生植被生态工作中存在的问题及今后工作的建议。  相似文献   

膜下滴灌结合暗管排水技术改良新疆盐碱地效果综述          下载免费PDF全文

张万恒  何帅  忠智博  周建伟  郑国玉  马军勇 《农业工程》2023,13(4)

膜下滴灌技术的大面积推广和应用,为新疆乃至西北干旱地区作物高产提供了强大的技术支撑。应用在盐碱地改良中,膜下滴灌“有灌无排”模式仅调节耕层盐分分布,并不能将盐分排出土体,长年灌溉容易引起爆发式积盐的风险,而暗管排水是目前公认的改良盐碱地最直接、最有效的方法。目前,将膜下滴灌与暗管排水有机结合形成的新型灌溉技术,充分利用膜下滴灌良好的抑蒸增温、节水抑盐等优势,同时利用暗管将淋洗盐水及时排出土体,使盐碱化土层产生新的水盐平衡,已在新疆盐碱地区开发利用中得到长足发展。本文重点分析并总结了新疆灌区膜下滴灌结合暗管排水系统的设计参数及土壤水盐运移规律,并综述了土壤理化性质及作物产量对该灌排技术的响应研究,以期为新疆盐碱地农业可持续发展提供理论依据和技术指导。  相似文献   

改良剂组合对盐碱土的改良效果研究     

单德鑫  黄河  柳羽丰  李海统  李晓秀  卢丽英 《安徽农业科学》2014,(35):12491-12493

[目的]从所选取的5种物质（石膏、粉煤灰、油脂素、沸石粒、钾粒）中筛选对盐碱土改良效果最好的改良剂及其最佳组合方式.[方法]采取单一施用、两两施用,3种混施的方式将改良剂与土壤混合,通过盆栽试验对土壤进行一段时间的培养,检测各指标的变化.[结果]5种土壤改良剂及其组合对盐碱土的pH、部分肥力指标及水溶性离子含量均有一定程度的改良.对全磷和有效钾改良效果最好的是粉煤灰和油脂素组合施用;对pH、水溶性离子及其他肥力指标改良效果最好的是石膏、粉煤灰和油脂素3种改良物质混合施用.[结论]改良剂混合施用比单一施用效果好.  相似文献   

黄河三角洲盐碱耕地型中低产田概况及改良增产技术探讨   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

董亮  孙泽强  王学君  董晓霞  郑东峰  高新昊  刘兆辉  郭洪海 《江西农业学报》2014,(2):58-62

由于地理位置、地形、地下水埋深等原因,黄河三角洲土壤盐渍化严重,可利用的土地属于盐碱耕地型中低产田,但作为我国重要的后备耕地资源,其改良利用具有重要的战略意义。目前,对于黄河三角洲盐渍土改良措施主要有暗管排盐、修筑台田、土壤肥力提升、覆盖抑盐、土壤改良剂、咸水及雨水高效利用、耐盐作物筛选及种植等技术,进一步开展水肥盐优化调控、植物耐盐机理及根际土壤耐盐微生物的筛选工作,从而为黄河三角洲盐碱耕地型中低产田改造及利用提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Supplemental saline drip irrigation applied at different growth stages of two bell pepper cultivars grown with or without mulch in non-saline soil     

Dagobiet Morales-Garcia  Katrine A. StewartPhilippe Seguin  Chandra Madramootoo 《Agricultural Water Management》2011,98(5):893-898

The effect of supplemental saline (2.5 dS m⁻¹) drip irrigation and black polyethylene mulch on two cultivars of bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) was investigated under field conditions using a randomized complete block design with split-split plot restriction. The research included six irrigation treatments (main plots): (i) non-saline irrigation control applied throughout growth (None), (ii) saline irrigation from transplanting until formation of the first fruit set (S1S2), (iii) saline irrigation from transplanting until appearance of the first flower and from first harvest to final harvest (S1S4), (iv) saline irrigation from appearance of the first flower to first harvest (S2S3), (v) saline irrigation from fruit set to final harvest (S3S4), and (vi) saline irrigation throughout growth (All); two mulch treatments (subplots): (i) black mulch and (ii) bare soil; and two bell pepper cultivars (sub-subplots): (i) Early Sunsation and (ii) Red Knight. Production of fully ripened fruits was higher in mulched plants regardless of saline irrigation treatments. In humid areas with non-saline soil, supplemental saline drip irrigation could be used with black polyethylene mulch to save water while maintaining fruit production.  相似文献