光照对箭筈豌豆及其子代生长和繁殖特性的影响     

杨凌杰  苟梦堃  布合利奇·马木提汗  胡小文  武艳培 《中国草地学报》2021,(2)

光照不仅会影响植物自身的生长,也可能会对其子代的生长具有潜在作用。以箭筈豌豆品种兰箭1号和兰箭3号为材料,分析遮荫和自然光照下箭筈豌豆及其子代的生长特性。结果表明:光照对箭筈豌豆生长和繁殖特性的影响因基因型而异。与光照条件相比,遮荫显著降低兰箭1号生物量及茎叶比,但对繁殖分配的比例影响不显著。与此相反,遮荫对兰箭3号的生长与繁殖无显著影响;母本光照环境对箭筈豌豆子代生长特性具有一定程度的影响,且这种影响因子代植株生长的光照环境而异。当子代在遮荫环境下,母本环境显著影响兰箭1号分枝数、地上生物量、总生物量、地上/地下生物量以及兰箭3号的分枝数。但当子代在光照环境下生长时,除兰箭3号分枝数外,其他生长特性均不受母本环境影响。  相似文献   

箭舌豌豆不同器官对种子产量的贡献     

冯文强  甘炳成 《草业科学》1995,12(5):15-17

研究了箭舌豌豆不同器官对种子产量的贡献，结果表明：箭舌豌豆种子利用花后光合产物较多，不同器管对箭舌豌豆种子产量的贡献是复叶〉茎〉托叶，叶片对种子产量的贡献与其所在位置有关，花后叶因离荚果较近，其光合产物易于向荚果运输。  相似文献   

3种农药的微核效应研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

唐正义  胡蓉  岳兴建 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,28(1):70-73

运用蚕豆根尖微核技术研究3种农药(甲胺磷、甲基硫菌灵和盐酸吗啉胍)在不同浓度下的诱变效应。结果表明,3种农药诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核率与对照组相比均有不同程度的上升(P<0.05或P<0.01),农药浓度与微核率呈剂量-效应关系,盐酸吗啉胍的诱变效应大于其他2种农药。  相似文献   

The Effect of Detopping the Field Bean Plants (Vicia faba L. minor) and Lack of the Pod Setting on the Symbiosis with Root Nodule Bacteria     

W. Filek    F. Dubert  M. Kaminski 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1996,176(1):39-45

The plants of field bean var. Nadwiślaνski were detopped after about 1 month since the beginning of flowering and after that all flower buds were removed from some plants. The effect of a change in the trophic balance on the setting and subsequent growth of root nodules was studied.
The removal of pods had the greater effect on the increase in the weight of the remaining organs than the detopping of plants. Detopping retarded the ageing of the plants and delayed the phase of the greatest reduction of the number of pods. The detopping of plants revealed their considerable compensative possibilities in terms of production of the pod weight and the potential of leaves for biomass production. The data obtained indicate that plant detopping may disturb the root–bacteria exchange of signals, necessary to initiate the nodule development, while the further growth of nodules depends, above all, on the amount of available photosynthates.
A very high correlation between the dry weight of the whole plant to the dry weight of leaves ratio and the weight of nodules was observed. It proves the importance of the trophic balance of the plant for the root nodule weight production.  相似文献   

不同裂荚特性箭筈豌豆裂荚力数字化评价     

董瑞  董德珂  邵坤仲  周强  柴旭田  董阳  聂斌  王彦荣  刘志鹏 《草业科学》2016,33(12):2511-2517

以美国种质资源库(NPGS)提供的541份箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)种质为基础,经过连续3年裂荚率评价,共筛选出高、中、低裂荚种质33份。以这33份箭筈豌豆种质作为本研究的试验材料,利用艾德堡HP-50数显推拉力计结合裂荚率对箭筈豌豆荚果水平放置时的裂荚机械力和垂直放置时的裂荚机械力进行分析,为选育箭筈豌豆抗裂荚种质提供精确、快速的评价方法。结果显示,1)箭筈豌豆高裂荚种质荚果裂荚机械力极显著低于低裂荚种质荚果裂荚机械力(P0.01)。2)箭筈豌豆荚果水平放置时的裂荚机械力极显著低于垂直放置时的裂荚机械力(P0.01)。3)箭筈豌豆荚果在水平放置下裂荚机械力大于9.286N的为低裂荚种质,裂荚机械力小于2.163N的为高裂荚种质。研究表明,利用推拉力计测试水平放置的箭筈豌豆荚果裂荚机械力可准确反映箭筈豌豆不同种质的裂荚特性,并为箭筈豌豆裂荚特性的标准化测定提供了重要的参考依据。  相似文献   

蚕豆黄化卷叶病的药剂防治     

郭景荣  陈永萱  方中达 《植物保护学报》1991,18(1):65-68

喷药治蚜防病试验中,溴氰菊酯和久效磷对豆蚜(Aphis craccivora)的防效分别达到96.7%和67.1%。两次和三次施用溴氰菊酯的防病效果分别达到84.1%和86.1%,蚕豆产量分别比未施药对照增产17.7%和21.9%。施药也影响蚕豆黄化卷叶病的时间分布型,三次施药小区的病株始终为泊松分布,病害没有再次扩散;未施药小区早春病株就出现负二项分布,越冬前病害已经扩散。豆蚜蚜害率与蚕豆黄化卷叶病发病率密切相关。  相似文献   

Relation between cropping frequency of peas and other legumes and foot and root rot in peas     

P. Oyarzun  M. Gerlagh  A. E. Hoogland 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1993,99(1):35-44

The relation between the frequency of legume crops in a rotation and the root rot severity in pea was examined in a field survey. Additionally, greenhouse experiments were performed with soil samples from legume rotation trials or from farmers' fields. The frequency of pea crops in current rotations proved to be much less than the recommended value of one in six years. The correlation between pea root rot and the number of years that pea or other legumes were not grown on the field under consideration (called crop interval) was weak. Root rot severity correlated better with the frequency of peas or legumes in general over a period of 18 years, but the frequency still explained only a minor fraction of the variation in disease index. Some experimental data pointed to the occurrence of a highly specific pathogen microflora with continuous cropping of only one legume species, but this phenomenon probably does not occur in farmers' fields. In field samples, root disease index for pea correlated well with that for field bean. The survival of resting structures of pathogens such asAphanomyces euteiches probably explains why the frequency of legume cropping has a higher impact than crop interval on root disease incidence. Pea-free periods and legume frequencies have a poor predictive value for crop management purposes.  相似文献   

播期对光叶紫花苕种子生产的影响     

苟文龙  何光武  张新跃  黄海  陈国祥 《草业与畜牧》2006,(11):21-23,39

通过对不同播种时期（8月15日、8月30日、9月15日、9月30日、10月15日和10月30日）的光叶紫花苕种子生产进行了比较研究，结果表明：不同播期对生育期影响明显，播种越早的其生育期越长。随着播期推迟，其种子产量先增加后减少，在9月15日播种种子产量最高，达1013．55kg／hm^2，10月30日播种种子产量最低，为292．2kg/hm^2。  相似文献   

Allelopathic effects of extracts of Vicia villosa on the germination of four forage seeds     

NIU Huan-huan  WANG Sen-sen  JIA Hong-ding  CHEN Gui-hua 《草业学报》2008,29(9):161

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Autofertility and Bee Visitation in Winter and Spring Genotypes of Faba Beans (Vicia faba L.)     

F. L. Stoodard 《Plant Breeding》1986,97(2):171-182

Differences in the expression of autofertility and in the evidence of attractiveness to bees were investigated in both autumn-sown and spring-sown faba beans. All six winter stocks and one spring stock expressed very little autofertility, with averages of only 10% of flowers and 7% of ovules fertilized when undisturbed. Three other spring stocks, including a closed-flower population, were moderately autofertile, with 22% of flowers and 17% of ovules fertilized when undisturbed. The remaining two spring stocks, both English cultivars, expressed good autofertility, with 50% of undisturbed flowers and 44% of ovules fertilized. Current levels of autofertility in the winter and closed-flower stocks were inadequate to allow the development of a desirable distribution of pods without substantial bee visitation. If levels of autofertility could be raised simply by selection within populations, then they should have been much higher in these stocks. Therefore, autofertile parents will probably have to be included in programmes for breeding cultivars with improved levels of auto fertility. The closed-flower population received significantly less bee visitation than the other stocks in the spring trial. No variation in attractiveness to bees was found among the open-flowered spring stocks, nor among the winter stocks.  相似文献