Organic Acids Placed into the Cloaca to Reduce Campylobacter Contamination of Broiler Skin During Defeathering     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2006,15(2):287-291

Campylobacter numbers on broiler carcasses can increase dramatically during defeathering because of leakage of contaminated gut contents in the feather-picking machine. Food-grade organic acids have been shown to be effective in killing bacteria. Placement of organic acids into the cloaca prior to defeathering was tested to determine if such a treatment could lower the number of Campylobacter that escape and contaminate broiler breast skin during automated feather removal. Campylobacter numbers on the breast skin of treated carcasses increased during defeathering but resulted in numbers that were only about 2% of those observed on control carcasses. Placement of food-grade organic acids in the cloaca of broiler carcasses may be useful as a means to lessen the impact of automated defeathering on the microbiological quality of carcasses during processing.  相似文献   

Independent and combined effects of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils and acetic acid on prevalence and intensity of fatty liver syndrome in broiler chickens     

Maryam Mirderikvandi  Heshmatollah Khosravinia  Bahman Parizadian Kavan 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):166-177

Two hundred fifty two male Ross 308 broiler chicks were raised to examine the effects of Satureja khuzistanica essential oils (SkEO; 0, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mg/bird/day) administrated via oral gavage and dietary supplementation of acetic acid (AA; 0 or 20 g/kg) in a 6 × 2 factorial fashion using a complete randomized block design with seven replicates of three birds each. In Day 34 of age, liver fat percentage decreased by increasing SkEO levels in a quadratic trend (p < .05). Oral gavag of 200 and 300 mg of SkEO decreased AST activity by 16.67% and 16.94%, respectively, compared with the control birds (p < .05). In Day 38 of age, liver percentage was greater by 0.37% in the birds received 400 mg SkEO than those given 500 mg (p < .05). Liver fat percentage decreased in the birds fed the acidified diet and received 300 and 500 mg SkEO as well as in the birds offered 200 and 400 mg of SkEO and fed non-acidified diet than those received acidified diet with no SkEO administration (p < .05). Prevalence of score zero for hepatocytic vacuolations and necrosis was 80.00% and 42.42% in the birds receiving 600 mg SkEO respectively. Median for relative frequency of scores for hepatocytic vacuolations and hepatocytic necrosis was lesser in the birds received SkEO by oral gavage compared with that of control birds (p < .05). In conclusion, administration of SkEO via oral gavage reduced liver fat in broiler chicken but no consistent dosage could be verified as the effective dosage for all ages concerned. The acidified diet per se showed no evident effect on liver fat at all ages considered. The SkEO × AA interaction exhibited promising but unreliable effects on liver colour score in market age (42 days).  相似文献   

In vitro high frequency direct plant regeneration from whole leaves of blackberry     

Sandhya Gupta  V. Mahalaxmi 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

High frequency and direct (without callus) plant regeneration was achieved from whole leaf explants of thornless blackberry (Rubus hybrid) cv. Black Satin (EC No. 381258; PI No. 553272) in vitro. Leaf blade explants from 1-, 3- and 5-month-old mother cultures were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with thidiazuron (TDZ), N⁶-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indol-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), alone or in combination. Three-month explants cultured on 0.02 mg l⁻¹ TDZ produced a high regeneration frequency (91.7%) and the most shoots/leaf explant (17.3). The shoot primordia developed within 3 weeks from the point of detachment of the petiole from the leaf blade. The age of the explant source significantly affected the shoot regeneration potential of the leaf explants. Leaves excised from 3-month-old in vitro-cultured shoots performed better than those from 1- and 5-month-old shoots. Shoots rooted best on half-strength MS basal medium with 0.5 mg l⁻¹ IBA and 90% of the plantlets survived acclimatization. The regenerated plantlets were morphologically similar to the mother plants.  相似文献   

Floral induction (FI) in longan (Dimocarpus longan, Lour.) trees. III: Effect of shading the trees on potassium chlorate induced FI and resulting hormonal changes in leaves and shoots     

K. Sringarm  P. Potchanasin  D. Naphrom  K.F. Bangerth 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Previous experiments demonstrated that treatment of longan trees with potassium chlorate (KClO₃) induces “off season floral induction” (FI) even in the absence of the naturally required cool temperature [Manochai, P., Sruamsiri, P., Wiriya-alongkorn, W., Naphrom, D., Hegele, M., Bangerth, F., 2005. Year around off season flower induction in longan (Dimocarpus longan, Lour.) trees by KClO₃ applications: potentials and problems. Sci. Hortic. 104, 379–390]. Potassium chlorate, however, cannot replace the presence of functional mature leaves and sufficient light intensity. Here we examined in more detail the effect of shade (about 10% of natural sunlight) on KClO₃ affected hormone concentrations/transport of leaves and shoot apical buds (SAB) and their interactions with FI.  相似文献   

甘薯抗疮痂病多胺与吲哚乙酸代谢的研究   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

艾育芳  潘廷国  柯玉琴  阮妙鸿  余文英 《中国生态农业学报》2005,13(1):66-68

研究不同抗性甘薯品种受疮痂病菌侵染前后多胺和吲哚乙酸代谢变化结果表明 ,感染疮痂病菌后抗病与感病品种甘薯叶片中吲哚乙酸含量和多胺氧化酶活性降低 ,多胺总量及腐胺含量增加 ,腐胺 / (精胺 亚精胺 )比值升高 ,感病品种变化幅度高于抗病品种。疮痂病菌侵入后感病品种甘薯叶片中绿原酸含量下降 ,吲哚乙酸氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性升高 ,而抗病品种则相反。  相似文献   

菠萝、刺梨、芦荟复合发酵饮料的研制   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

吴翔  吴龙英  袁玮  刘萍 《贵州农业科学》2006,34(2):59-61

复合发酵饮料是以菠萝、刺梨、芦荟的汁液为原料,用正交实验筛选出最佳的配方,通过酒精发酵和醋酸发酵后,发酵液经过科学调配,可制得营养丰富的饮料。其色泽诱人,风味独特,是天然营养保健品。  相似文献   

水稻根际促生菌的筛选鉴定及促生能力分析     

刘泽平  王志刚  徐伟慧  陈文晶  吕智航  王春龙  史一 《农业环境科学学报》2018,35(2):119-125

植物根际促生菌（Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria,PGPR）可分泌植物生长激素,促进土壤养分循环,是生物肥料重要的种质资源。本文从水稻根际土壤分离纯化根际促生菌,进行菌株鉴定,测定其促生能力。经过16S rDNA测序比对,筛选得到解磷菌4株（Bacillus pumilus LZP02,Bacillus aryabhattai LZP08,Staphylococcus epidermidis LZP10,Bacillus ginsengisoli LZP05）,溶磷菌3株（Bacillus megaterium LZP03,Bacillus oryzaecorticis LZP04,Bacillus ginsengisoli LZP07）,解钾菌3株（Bacillus aryabhattai LZP01,Bacillus subtilis LZP06,Bacillus licheniformis LZP09）。养分转化能力测试结果表明,Bacillus aryabhattai LZP01和Bacillus subtilis LZP06解钾能力较好;Bacillus pumilus LZP02和Bacillus huizhouensis LZP05解磷能力较强;Bacillus megaterium LZP03和Bacillusginsengisoli LZP07溶磷能力较好。对养分转化能力较强的菌株进行激素分泌能力测定,结果表明6种菌株均能产生生长素、赤霉素,均具有合成铁载体的能力。综合分析菌株养分转化与激素分泌能力发现,Bacillus megaterium LZP03、Bacillus huizhouensis LZP05和Bacillus subtilis LZP06促生能力较强,具有较强的开发利用潜力。研究成果为水稻微生物肥料的开发与生产提供了理论和技术支持。  相似文献   

水涨龙眼结果母枝内源激素含量变化对花芽分化的影响   总被引：21，自引：3，他引：21  

苏明华  刘志成 《热带作物学报》1997,18(2):66-71

应用酶联免疫法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）,测定了涨龙眼花芽分化期间结果母枝内源激素ｉＰＡｓ、ＧＡｓ、ＡＢＡ及ＩＡＡ的含量变化。结果表明,生理分化期花芽内源激素含量：ＡＢＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＩＡＡ〉ＧＡｓ;形成分化期为：ＡＢＡ〉ＩＡＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＧＡｓ。生理分化期主形态分化期叶芽内源激素含量均为：ＡＢＡ〉ｉＰＡｓ〉ＧＡｓ〉ＩＡＡ。生理分化期：与叶芽相比,花芽的ｉＰＳｓ、ＧＡｓ和ＩＡＡ含量高,ＡＢＡ含量低。形态分化期：  相似文献   

内源IAA对杂交稻强、弱势粒灌浆增重的影响   总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16  

陶龙兴  王熹  黄效林 《中国水稻科学》2003,17(2):149-155

以超级杂交稻协优9308和杂交稻协优9312、Ⅱ优162及其相应恢复系为材料,对灌浆初期籽粒中内源IAA、糖分的变化,以及IAA抑制剂对IAA以及3H 标记葡萄糖吸收分配和籽粒灌浆的影响进行了研究。结果表明在籽粒灌浆初期强势粒的IAA含量以及增重的速度始终高于弱势粒。在开花受精7 d以前,强势粒中果糖、葡萄糖及蔗糖的含量高于弱势粒,之后相反。强、弱势粒间存在的这种灌浆势差异,杂交组合大于其相应的恢复系。IAA合成及运输抑制剂明显降低3H 葡萄糖在籽粒中的分配。外源IAA对幼穗的处理,缩小了强、弱势粒间结实率的差异,使整穗的结实率也有所提高。  相似文献   

Effect of Addition of Different Acetic Acid Concentrations on the Quality of Marinated Herring     

Mariusz Szymczak  Edward Kołakowski  Katarzyna Felisiak 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(6):566-581

This study investigated the effect of acetic acid concentrations from 3 to 8% on the physicochemical and sensory quality of marinated Atlantic and Baltic herring from fresh and frozen-thawed material. The increased concentration of acetic acid was found to exert a strong impact on decreased sensory scores, weight yield, and pH value as well as on an increased brightness parameter of meat. In turn, moisture, protein hydrolysis products (PHB), total volatile bases (TVB) content, and hardness parameter were affected by the higher addition of acid to a lesser extent. Enhanced protein hydrolysis was observed only at acetic acid concentration of 5% or 5–8%, whereas there was a decrease in the content of TVB only at an acid concentration of up to 4–5%. The marinated frozen-thawed fillets, compared to the fresh ones, required a greater addition of acid in the brine, by 1.5%, to reach a similar pH value. The freezing of fish contributed also to a decrease of PHB and free hydroxyproline, along with an increased concentration of acetic acid. The marinades from frozen-thawed herring contained more TVB, had worse color, and hardness parameters, as well as less yield.  相似文献