汞水平对苋菜种子萌发的影响     

佘婷婷 《热带农业科学》2014,(3):12-14

采用不同浓度的氯化汞溶液(0.5、1.0、2.5、5.0、10.0、25.0、50.0、100.0 mg/L)对不同品种苋菜种子进行浸种处理。结果表明,Hg+对苋菜种子萌发的影响在低浓度时有促进作用,随着Hg+浓度增加,苋菜种子的根长和芽长都明显减少,当Hg+浓度达到100 mg/L时,苋菜种子见萌芽,但都有红褐色痕迹,即汞污染现象非常明显;Hg+较高浓度时,各个不同品种苋菜种子导电率相对较高,种子活力相对较低。  相似文献   

苋菜试管开花初探     

杨文文  刘生财  赖钟雄 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2011,40(4):360-364

以苋菜试管苗为材料,研究多种因子对苋菜试管开花的影响.结果表明:(1)基本培养基MS和1/2MS对苋菜试管开花的影响不大.(2)单独添加NAA,可促进苋菜试管开花；苋菜试管开花对IBA含量的变化较敏感；6-BA含量为1.0 mg.L-1时的开花率最高,培养50 -60 d时可达58.7％.(3)不同单色光处理时,绿光与...  相似文献   

Genetic basis and origin of resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors in Amaranthus palmeri from Spain and Italy     

Alfredo Manicardi  Laura Scarabel  Josep María Llenes  José María Montull  María Dolores Osuna  Joel Torra Farré  Andrea Milani 《Pest management science》2023,79(12):4886-4896

BACKGROUND

Amaranthus palmeri is an aggressive annual weed native to the United States, which has become invasive in some European countries. Populations resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors have been recorded in Spain and Italy, but the evolutionary origin of the resistance traits remains unknown. Bioassays were conducted to identify cross-resistance to ALS inhibitors and a haplotype-based genetic approach was used to elucidate the origin and distribution of resistance in both countries.

RESULTS

Amaranthus palmeri populations were resistant to thifensulfuron-methyl and imazamox, and the 574-Leu mutant ALS allele was found to be the main cause of resistance among them. In two Spanish populations, 376-Glu and 197-Thr mutant ALS alleles were also found. The haplotype analyses revealed the presence of two and four distinct 574-Leu mutant haplotypes in the Italian and Spanish populations, respectively. None was common to both countries, but some mutant haplotypes were shared between geographically close populations or between populations more than 100 km apart. Wide genetic diversity was found in two very close Spanish populations.

CONCLUSION

ALS-resistant A. palmeri populations were introduced to Italy and Spain from outside Europe. Populations from both countries have different evolutionary histories and originate from independent introduction events. ALS resistance then spread over short and long distances by seed dispersal. The higher number and genetic diversity among mutant haplotypes from the Spanish populations indicated recurrent invasions. The implementation of control tactics to limit seed dispersal and the establishment of A. palmeri is recommended in both countries. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.  相似文献   

籽粒苋鲜茎叶蛋白质含量及叶蛋白提取效率研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭晓敏  黄小珊 《江西农业大学学报》1999,21(2):203-207

对Ｋ１１２、Ｒ１０４等８个籽粒苋品种分不同时期进行了鲜茎叶蛋白含量分析和叶蛋白提取试验研究。结果表明,籽粒苋属于高蛋白质含量作物,全生育期叶蛋白含量平均达２８．７６％,采穗后茎叶平均蛋白质含量仍可达１１．１５％,其最佳利用时期为现蕾期至开花期,其中Ｒ１０４、Ｒ１０１１、Ｋ５７４蛋白质含量较高。  相似文献   

不同水氮管理对苋菜和菠菜的产量及硝酸盐含量的影响   总被引：7，自引：4，他引：7  

于红梅  龚元石  李子忠  张小兰 《植物营养与肥料学报》2004,10(3):302-305

通过田间试验研究不同水氮管理对苋菜和菠菜的产量、水分利用效率及硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明,在同一水分处理条件下,不同的土壤供氮水平对苋菜和菠菜的产量均无显著差异,而各水分处理间也无显著差异,但水分利用效率却以W1处理(农民习惯灌水方式)为最低;苋菜和菠菜中硝酸盐含量主要受土壤的供氮量的影响,其次是土壤含水量,因此,降低土壤供氮量的同时适当降低土壤含水量,是提高水分利用效率和蔬菜品质的有效方法之一。  相似文献   

红苋R104种子谷蛋白亚基组成及二硫键连接蛋白研究     

宋宏新  汪沛洪 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1996,24(3):5-9

应用还原和非还原单向ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ及二者结合的双向电泳技术，研究了红苋Ｒ１０４种子谷蛋白的亚基组成。谷蛋白由多种亚基组成，高分子量二硫键连接蛋白占其多数，经还原裂解成Ａ（５４ＫＤ）、Ｂ（４０ＫＤ，３９ＫＤ）、Ｃ（３３ＫＤ，３１ＫＤ）、Ｄ（２２ＫＤ，２０ＫＤ，１８ＫＤ，）和Ｅ（１５ＫＤ）５组主要单肽链单元，提出了二硫键连接蛋白的组成模式，并发现低分子量谷蛋白亚基存在肽内二硫键  相似文献   

Transpiration efficiency of Amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) in response to drought stress     

Norain Jamalluddin  Festo J Massawe 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2019,94(4):448-459

Drought is a major abiotic stress responsible for severe crop losses worldwide. Development of new crop varieties with increased drought tolerance is one way to increase crop productivity. The aim of this study was to characterise the diversity of nine accessions belonging to Amaranthus tricolor and A. cruentus, in response to drought stress using a dry-down protocol to characterise the transpiration efficiency (TE). Plants were subjected to either a gradual dry down or well-watered conditions. Results showed that TE was significantly higher (P < 0.01) in water-deficient (WD) plants compared to water-sufficient (WS) plants, 2.40 g kg^?1–7.13 g kg^?1 and 2.19 g kg^?1–4.84 g kg^?1, respectively. There was no significant difference in the fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) threshold decline between the amaranth genotypes. TE was highly correlated with yield under both WS (r = 0.89, P < 0.001) and WD conditions (r = 0.662, P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with root-to-shoot ratio under both WS (r = ?0.488, P < 0.05) and WD conditions (r = ?0.460, P < 0.05). Significant genotypic differences were seen for growth rate and stress susceptibility index (SSI). The result obtained in this investigation underline the need to identify genotypic variation in water use efficiency in amaranth.

Abbreviations: FTSW: Fraction of transpirable soil water; NTR: normalised transpiration rate; SSI: Stress susceptibility index; TE: transpiration efficiency; WHC: water holding capacity; WD: water-deficient; WS: water-sufficient.  相似文献   

低数据集下基于ASPP-YOLO v5的苋菜识别方法研究     

张继成  侯郁硕  郑萍  夏士兴 《农业机械学报》2023,54(S2):223-228

针对田间苋菜识别存在准确率低、样本数量少等问题,通过引入扩展感受野和提取上下文信息的ASPP注意力机制改进YOLO v5苋菜识别模型,在低数据集下改进后的模型能够显著提高F1值和mAP。实验结果表明,在低数据集下引入ASPP注意力机制后苋菜识别模型F1值提高13个百分点、mAP提高18.6个百分点。采用横向录制的方式苋菜被检测到的概率提高15.4个百分点。因此,本研究为苋菜或其他杂草在低数据集下的识别提供了有效的方法,为农业领域的杂草识别和管理研究提供了参考。  相似文献   

不同发芽基质上盐分胁迫对 千穗谷种子萌发的影响     

王红  弓运泽  张瑞芳  张爱军  周大迈 《广东农业科学》2014,41(24):105-108

千穗谷(A maranthus hypochondriacusL.)是优质耐瘠薄牧草资源.为了探讨其种子的耐盐能力,分5个盐分胁迫处理:0、1、2、5、10 g/kg,分别在石英砂基质、海兴盐碱土基质和安国潮褐土基质上,进行发芽试验.结果表明,不同基质上千穗谷发芽率与盐分浓度表现出显著的负相关关系.在石英砂、海兴盐碱土、安国潮褐土基质上,千穗谷与盐分浓度的回归方程斜率分别为-5.77、-8.787、-7.95.千穗谷种子萌发盐分胁迫临界值为海兴盐碱土大于安国潮褐土,分别为3.5、3.4 g/kg;盐分胁迫极限值为安国潮褐土大于海兴盐碱土,分别为8.4、8.1 g/kg.盐分对千穗谷种子萌发及幼苗生长有一定的抑制作用;随着盐分浓度的提高,3种基质上千穗谷种子发芽率均呈下降趋势,幼苗生长状况也呈现同一趋势.  相似文献   

籽粒苋籽实粉作为肉仔鸡日粮组分的营养价值评定     

范石军  刘兆兴  张光圣  王占凤  关键  曹长英  孙鸿良 《中国兽医学报》1993,(3)

通过梯度饲养、消化代谢和比较屠宰试验,综合评定了籽粒苋籽实粉对星布罗(Star-bro)肉仔鸡的营养价值和对日粮氨基酸利用率的影响.结果测得籽粒苋籽实粉含可消化粗蛋白质132.75g/kg,表观代谢能13.44MJ/kg;日粮中纳入16％苋籽实粉,显著提高了氨基酸利用率和血浆游离赖氨酸、亮氨酸及甘氨酸浓度,日粮粗蛋白质和能量代谢率分别提高6.91％和5.33％,日粮中营养物质转化为胴体蛋白质、脂肪的效率及料肉比均得到改善.  相似文献