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无花瓣油菜遗传与育种研究进展 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
无花瓣性状对油菜的遗传研究与育种均有重要价值。文章综述了无花瓣突变体的获得途径 ,评述了无花瓣性状的特点及利用价值 ,报道了无花瓣性状的遗传及分子标记研究结果 ,以及近年来在无花瓣育种上所取得的研究进展 ,并展望了该领域进一步研究的方向 相似文献
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Inheritance and agronomic performance of an apetalous flower mutant in Brassica napus L 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A spontaneous mutant with apetalous flowers was obtained from a hybrid progeny in Brassica napus. The result of genetic analysis showed that the apetalous character was controlled by only one gene locus, petalous flower exhibited incomplete dominance over apetalous flower and that its expression was not affected by cytoplasmic factors. Sixteen agronomically important characteristics of the apetalous line Apet33-10 were compared with those of its petalled near-isogenic line Pet33-10. Results from 4 years of tests indicated that there was no difference between Apet33-10 and Pet33-10 in all tested agronomic characteristics, except for the pod number of main inflorescence and second-order branches at low sclerotinia disease incidence. The Sclerotinia sclerotiorum disease severity index of Apet33-10 was significantly lower than that of Pet33-10, and correspondingly, the plot yield of Apet33-10 was increased obviously in comparison to that of Pet33-10 if sclerotinia disease was serious. The pod number of main inflorescence of Apet33-10 was significantly lower than that of Pet33-10. On the other hand, the pod number of second-order branches of Apet33-10 was significantly higher than that of Pet33-10, hence no overage difference of the pod number per plant was observed between the two lines. 相似文献
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对品种间杂交选育成的甘蓝型无花瓣品系及其有花瓣的近等基因系初步研究表明,无花瓣品系的花器组成明显比有花瓣品系增大,除一次有效分枝和一次有效角果略多外,农艺性状较差,有待继续提高。幼蕾蛋白质反相高效液相色谱分析表明,无花瓣品系花蕾较有花瓣品系多一种蛋白,其他几种蛋白含量也有明显变化。 相似文献
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甘蓝型无花瓣油菜隐性核不育两型系NF011AB的选育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2001年春以2287A 沪油12组合的F1为母本,无瓣品系NF001为父本组配复交组合F1,并以此为基础经过6年7代的连续定向选择育成了较稳定的甘蓝型优质无花瓣油菜隐性核不育两用系NF011AB。其群体无瓣株率达99.6%～100%,全无瓣花百分率达96.3%～98.4%,花瓣度仅为0.5～1.3。不育株率为48.5%～51.7%,不育性稳定。芥酸含量为0.3%～0.6%,硫代葡萄糖甙含量21.8～23.5μmol/(g.饼),含油量43.2%～46.3%,种子蛋白质含量23.4%～25.3%。其不育株死蕾率为11.2%～17.8%,闭花率达29.3%～32.2%,能正常开放的花仅占50%～58.7%。不育株(A株)结实指数仅为1.76,比可育株(B株)低19.64。 相似文献
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甘蓝型无花瓣与有花瓣油菜在盛花期的田间生态环境比较 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为甘蓝型无花瓣优质油菜的选育及杂种优势利用提供参考,对甘蓝型无花瓣与有花瓣油菜在盛花期的田间生态环境进行了比较研究。结果显示:有花瓣油菜群体内的温度随层高的降低而下降明显,无花瓣油菜则下降较缓慢。相对湿度有花瓣油菜随群体层高的下降而升高显著,无花瓣油菜群体随层高的下降,相对湿度的上升则比较缓慢。有花瓣油菜随群体层高的下降,相对光强下降显著,无花瓣油菜群体随层高的下降,相对光强的下降则比较缓慢。表明,无花瓣油菜群体在揭开黄色花瓣层后其群体内的小生境得到了很好的改善。 相似文献
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J. Pierre J. S. Pierre R. Marilleau M. H. Pham-Delègue X. Tanguy M. Renard 《Plant Breeding》1996,115(6):484-487
In order to establish whether commercial hybrid seed production between apetalous and apetalous rapeseed lines could be developed through insect cross-pollination, observations were made to compare the foraging behaviour of honeybees on both flower types with regard to their attractiveness. Number of flowers/m2 and nectar volumes, considered as important attractive factors, did not differ between the two lines but nectar sugar composition was slightly different. Honeybee density was significantly higher on the apetalous line when their foraging activity was rather high. Honeybees showed a considerable constancy to each flower type. Passages between both types were not very frequent. Nectar foraging behaviour, observed under cages, differed with the floral morphology. On the apetalous flowers, honeybees visited the two inner nectaries by crawling over the anthers and the stigma, while on the apetalous ones they often inserted their tongues between the sepals, thus having less contact with the reproductive organs. From these results, the honeybee efficiency in cross-pollination between petalous and apetalous lines appears to be reduced. 相似文献
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以具埃芥细胞质的甘蓝型无花瓣油菜NF001为试验材料,通过与7个正常有花瓣油菜杂交并回交构建F2和BC1群体,分析无花瓣油菜NF001的无花瓣性状的遗传规律。田间各遗传群体花瓣度(PGgr)的观察和统计表明,甘蓝型无花瓣油菜NF001的无花瓣性状由4对隐性基因控制,且都具有加性效应,不存在细胞质效应。若以R表示显性有瓣基因,r表示隐性无瓣基因,则NF001的基因型为r1r1r2r2r3r3r4r4,中间型植株的基因型为R1r1r2r2r3r3r4r4或r1r1R2r2r3r3r4r4或r1r1r2r2R3r3r4r4或r1r1r2r2r3r3R4r4,即只有1个显性基因时表现为中间类型,在后代分离群体中只要有两个显性基因存在时都表现为正常有花瓣类型,现有正常有瓣甘蓝型油菜资源中,1对、2对、3对、4对显性纯合的基因型均有存在,但1对显性纯合基因型的有瓣品种(系)相对少一些。 相似文献
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Near‐isogenic lines (NILs) of apetalous (AP) and fully petalled (FP) winter oilseed rape were used to investigate infection by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which occurs mainly via infected petals adhering to leaves in FP oilseed rape. AP1 flowers had an average of 1·4 and 0·8 petals per flower in field and polytunnel experiments, respectively. In field experiments there were no significant differences between counts of FP1 petals, FP1 stamens and AP1 stamens adhered to leaves during flowering. At any one sample time, significantly more stamens tested positive for S. sclerotiorum on AP1 than FP1 NILs, e.g. in 2004, at early flowering 37·5% and 24·2% of stamens tested positive on AP1 and FP1 NILs, respectively. In polytunnel experiments, there were significantly more sclerotinia lesions per plant in the FP1 than in the AP1 NIL. The AP1 NIL did not avoid infection completely, probably because it produced some petals, and lesions were initiated from adhered stamens as well as petals. However, while 8·5% and 16·3% of petals initiated lesions in FP1 and AP1 NILs, respectively, only 2·5% and 1·0% of stamens initiated lesions in FP1 and AP1 NILs, which suggests stamens may be less infective than petals. In field experiments the AP1 NIL had significantly less incidence of sclerotinia stem rot than the FP1 NIL in 2004 (4·9% and 7·0%, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in stem rot incidence between AP and FP lines in 2005 (3·6% and 4·3%, respectively) or 2006 (5·5% and 3·9%, respectively). 相似文献