Comparison of the microbial communities of alpacas and sheep fed diets with three different ratios of corn stalk to concentrate     

Ruimin Chao  Chengqiang Xia  Caixia Pei  Wenjie Huo  Qiang Liu  Chunxiang Zhang  Youshe Ren 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(1):26-34

The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of ruminal microbial communities of alpacas (Lama pacos) and sheep (Ovis aries) fed three diets with varying ratios of roughage (corn stalk) to concentrate, 3:7 (LS), 5:5 (MS) and 7:3 (HS). Six alpacas (one-year-old and weighing 29.5 ± 7.1 kg) and six sheep (one-year-old and weighing 27.9 ± 2.7 kg) were used in this study, in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square experiment. Total protozoa concentration was determined under the microscope; total fungi and methanogens were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and expressed as a percentage of total bacterial 16S rRNA gene copies; bacterial communities were investigated by targeted 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region) sequencing. The percentage of fungi was significantly higher in alpacas than in sheep under the LS diet, while the concentration of protozoa was significantly lower in alpacas under HS, MS and LS diets. The alpha diversity including Shannon, Chao l and ACE indices of bacterial communities was higher in alpacas than in sheep, under the LS diet. A total of 299 genera belonging to 22 phyla were observed in the forestomach of alpaca and sheep, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes dominating both animal species. Phyla Armatimonadetes and Fusobacteria, as well as 64 genera, were detected only in alpacas, whereas phyla Acidobacteria and Nitrospira, as well as 44 genera, were found only in sheep. The abundance of cellulolytic bacteria, including Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio, was higher in alpacas than in sheep under all three diets. These differences in the forestomach microbial communities partly explained why alpacas displayed a higher poor-quality roughage digestibility, and a lower methane production. Results also revealed that the adverse effects of high-concentrate diets (70%) were lesser in alpacas than in sheep.  相似文献   

中药对肉仔鸡脂质代谢及肉品质的影响   总被引：16，自引：3，他引：13  

王俊东  李淑琴  申瑞玲  郝俊虎  徐生瑞 《中国兽医学报》2003,23(4):377-379

将120只1周龄肉仔鸡随机分成4组,每组30只,前3组(试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组)分别喂以含1%的3种不同中药组方的饲粮,第Ⅳ组为对照组,只喂基础日粮.试验期6周.结果(1)与对照组相比,Ⅰ组血清TC、LDL-C极显著下降(P＜0.01);Ⅱ组血清TC、LDL-C极显著下降(P＜0.01),TG也下降(P＜0.05),HDL-C显著升高(P＜0.01);Ⅲ组血清LDL-C极显著下降(P＜0.01),HDL-C则显著升高(P＜0.01);试验Ⅰ～Ⅲ组血清总脂都极显著下降(P＜0.01);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组血清LDL-C、Ⅲ组TC存在显著差异(P＜0.01).(2)与对照组相比,胸肌组织中,各试验组TG极显著下降(P＜0.01),Ⅱ组TC显著下降(P＜0.05);腿肌中,各组TC显著下降(P＜0.05),TG下降极显著(P＜0.01);肝脏中各组TC、TG均极显著下降(P＜0.01);与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅰ组肝TG差异极显著(P＜0.01);Ⅲ组胸肌TG、肝TG有显著差异性(P＜0.05).(3)7周龄末鸡体重与对照组相比,Ⅱ组差异极显著(P＜0.01),Ⅲ组差异显著(P＜0.05);Ⅱ组料肉比比对照组极显著下降(P＜0.01).(4)肌肉中的营养成分,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组腿肌中粗脂肪比对照组极显著下降(P＜0.01),Ⅱ组腿肌中粗蛋白含量显著升高(P＜0.01).结论中药组方能不同程度地调整鸡脂质代谢,提高生产性能和改善鸡肉品质.在3个不同中药组方中,综合效果Ⅱ方最优.  相似文献   

复方吡喹酮注射液防治羊脑多头蚴病的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

姚新华  苑淑贤  杨金生  任科研 《中国兽药杂志》2005,39(10):31-33

为了获得复方吡喹酮注射液治疗羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量,本试验应用复方吡喹酮注射液30、50、80 mg/kg BW三个剂量组对患羊脑多头蚴病的绵羊进行治疗,设80 mg/kg BW剂量的丙硫咪唑作为药物对照组.试验结果表明,30 mg/kg BW剂量组治愈率较低,为68.97%,不能达到治疗目的;50和80 mg/kg BW剂量对羊脑多头蚴均有很强的驱杀作用,对病羊的治愈率分别为91.84%和92.85%,但两组间差异不显著(P＞0.05);高、中剂量组(80、50 mg/kg BW)与低剂量组、药物对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).50 mg/kg BW剂量为防治羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量.  相似文献   

外源复合酶对移地保护圈养马来熊日粮营养消化率的影响     

王爱民  陈玉村  邹隆喆  叶炎芳 《经济动物学报》2001,5(1):30-33

利用外源复合酶对移地保护圈养的 9只马来熊日粮营养物质及能量消化率进行了测定 ,经单因子方差分析结果表明 ,在圈养马来熊日粮中添加一定量的外源复合酶 ,能提高马来熊对日粮营养物质的消化率 ,其中 ,添加 0 3%饲料量的酶能显著提高日粮粗蛋白的消化率(P <0 0 5) ;添加 0 5%的酶 ,能显著提高日粮粗纤维、粗蛋白质消化率 (P <0 0 5)。此研究结果可应用于马来熊的饲养中 ,提高其饲料报酬  相似文献   

复方增茸剂对梅花鹿茸产量与品质的影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

于守平  贾冬舒  程培英  马红霞  杨小冰 《吉林农业大学学报》2002,24(6):75-77

选择体质、体型、健康状况、产量性能相接近的梅花鹿50头，随机分为2组即试验组与对照组，将复方增茸剂混全饲料中投喂，每日1次，连续饲喂70d，观察该药对试验动物的影响。结果表明：应用复方增茸剂后，试验组鹿的血液中红细胞、血红蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、血钙和血磷量明显高于对照组，并且鹿茸中各种氨基酸的含量也明显高于对照组。该药具有促进造血机能，加快麂茸生长，提高鹿茸品质的作用。  相似文献   

切屑卷曲的力学分析及其应用     

王频  沈晓阳 《新疆农业大学学报》1994,(1)

在试验和理论分析的基础上，本文提出了复合卷曲的切屑比向上卷曲的切屑、当侧卷程度较大时比例向卷曲的切屑易于折断的观点，并且讨论了切屑产生复合卷曲及侧向卷曲的条件，这些对断屑槽的设计和使用有重要意义。  相似文献   

用亚硫酸氢钠提取菲醌方法的改进   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵卫东  文海 《内蒙古林学院学报》1994,16(2):99-102

本文对采用亚硫酸氢钠提取菲醌的方法做了研究，实验表明此法是一种经济简便的有效方法。通过实验确定了提取所需的最佳摩尔比，从而为降低生产成本提供了实验依据。  相似文献   

Development of Researching the Synthetical Application of Compound Microorganisms     

YANG Yan hong  WANG Bo chu  SHI Lan chun  WANG Qing hong 《保鲜与加工》2003,(6):81-85

This article summarized that compound microorganisms had many advantages compared with single strain such as symbiosis, co prosperity co culture, so it can cut down the cost, unchain the feedback repression in fermentation and improve the efficiency of production. It described the resources, constitutes and physiological characteristics of compound microorganisms with examples, which displayed its superiority farther. It is showed that the application of compound microorganisms to the agriculture,industry,medicine and environment variable analyzed etc. The problems lying in the application of the compound microorganisms technology and some views on solving these problems. Compound microorganisms are expected to serve all the fields more and achieve more economic and social efficiency.  相似文献   

复合微生物肥料在无公害蔬菜栽培上的效应初报   总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13  

龙明华  于文进  唐小付  廖易  贺文爱 《中国蔬菜》2002,1(5):4-6

施用复合微生物肥料使番茄产量提高 7.3 %～ 11.1% ,可溶性固形物含量提高 0 .9%～ 1.3 % ,硝酸盐含量降低 2 7.2 %～ 3 4 .8% ;苦瓜产量提高 10 .7%～ 16.1% ,硝酸盐含量降低 2 8.7%～ 3 6.1% ;菜薹产量提高 7.2 %～ 15.1% ,硝酸盐含量降低 55.6%～ 61.5%。各处理产品中的硝酸盐含量及有害元素的含量 ,均符合无公害蔬菜产品质量标准要求  相似文献   

蛋雏鸡大肠杆菌病的中草药防治研究试验   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

秦四海 《中兽医医药杂志》2004,23(4):16-18

用自拟复方中草药对蛋雏鸡大肠杆菌病进行了人工感染治疗试验、中草药疗效试验和安全试验、临床治疗试验、临床预防试验,结果表明:该方药在治疗蛋雏鸡大肠杆菌病时采取中西医结合治疗效果最好;仅使用复方中草药治疗的效果不低于单独使用敏感的抗茵西药;使用复方中草药在临床上预防大肠杆茵病能获得较好效果;复方中草药无毒、无副作用、无残留,防治大肠杆菌病可用中草药代替抗茵西药,符合无公害产品生产要求.  相似文献