花卉常规杂交育种的研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张惠君  罗凤霞 《沈阳农业大学学报》2001,32(4):317-320

本对花卉育种的历史和花卉常规常规杂交育研究进展及各种杂交技术方法进行综述。花卉常规杂交育种的应用领域人：（1）培育花色、花型和香味等观赏性状更加新颖的品种；（2）改变花期；（3）提高花卉适应性和抵抗病虫害能力。并对花卉常规杂交育种未来的研究方向作了展望。  相似文献   

加系双肌臀大白猪不同杂交组合性能比较试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

崔建军  吴升鹏  杨雄  吴买生  左晓红  卢小林 《家畜生态》2003,(1)

本试验选择加系双肌臀大白猪、美系杜洛克、丹麦长白三个品种的公母猪,组成5个杂交组合(双公×双母,双公×长母,双公×杜母,杜公×双母),测定了双×双、长×双、双×长、双×杜、杜×双五个组合猪的繁殖性能与肥育性能。结果表明:杜×双组合在日增重(896.05g)、饲料报酬(2.80∶1)、瘦肉率(66.01%)等主要指标上优于其它杂交组合,且繁殖性能居中、胴体品质优良,是加系双肌臀大白猪二元杂交瘦肉猪生产中的最佳杂交父本品种。试验还表明,双肌臀大白猪产仔多(12.08头)、增重快(851.97g)、瘦肉率高(65.24%)、适应性强,值得大力繁殖推广。  相似文献   

Amphidiploids between Cyclamen persicum Mill. and C. purpurascens Mill. induced by treating ovules with colchicine in vitro and sesquidiploids between the amphidiploid and the parental species induced by conventional crosses     

Hiroshi Ishizaka  Junjiro Uematsu 《Euphytica》1995,86(3):211-218

Summary We cultured colchicine-treated hybrid ovules in vitro to produce fertile amphidiploids of C. persicum (2n=2x=48. referred to as AA) × C. purpurascens (2n=2x=34, referred to as BB). Seedlings and mature plants were obtained from the ovules without colchicine and those exposed to 50 mg/l colchicine for 5, 10 and 15 days, whereas they were not obtained from the ovules exposed to 50 mg/l colchicine for 20 days and 500 mg/l for 5, 10, 15 and 20 days. Although 8 mature hybrids derived from the ovules without colchicine produced a few fertile pollen grains, they failed to produce viable seeds by self-fertilization. The hybrids had 41 somatic chromosomes. Four and 3 mature plants were derived from ovules exposed to 50 mg/l colchicine for 10 and 15 days, respectively. One each among 4 and 3 mature plants showed a high frequency of pollen grain fertility, produced several seeds by self-fertilization, and had 82 somatic chromosomes which is twice the number of hybrid chromosomes (2n=41, AB). These findings indicated that these plants are amphidiploids (2n=82, AABB) between C. persicum and C. purpurascens. Three and 2 viable seeds were derived by the conventional crosses of diploid C. persicum × the amphidiploid and the amphidiploid × C. purpurascens, respectively. Flowering plants that developed from the seeds of diploid C. persicum × the amphidiploid were barely fertile and had 65 somatic chromosomes (2n=65, AAB), whereas those that developed from the seeds of the amphidiploid × C. purpurascens were barely fertile and had 58 somatic chromosomes (2n=58, ABB). The somatic chromosomes indicated that these plants are probably sesquidiploids between the amphidiploid and either C. persicum or C. purpurascens. The interspecific cross-breeding of cyclamen using the amphidiploids and the sesquidiploids is discussed.  相似文献   

采用同核体单孢杂交育种技术选育双孢蘑菇     

李冠喜  华国栋  王多明  魏良志 《食用菌学报》2011,18(3)

采用同核体单孢杂交育种技术,以低温高产的双1菌株和高温低产的双5菌株为亲本,选育双孢蘑菇优良新品种.通过担孢子分离和同核体的鉴别,获得同核体菌株共20个,同核体间配对杂交组合99个,获得10个杂交异核体菌株;经过菇房、出菇地棚栽培和出菇大棚生产性试验,筛选出高产优质杂交菌株Z1.  相似文献   

胎次、产仔月份及纯繁/杂交对母猪产仔性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

朱世平  夏日炜  孙丽  霍永久  包文斌  吴圣龙 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(2):420-425

本研究统计分析了部分非遗传因素(胎次、产仔月份及纯繁/杂交)对长白、大白和杜洛克母猪产仔性能(总产仔数、产活仔数及初生窝重)的影响,旨在为后备母猪的选种提供指导。结果表明,2~5胎仔猪的初生窝重较重;其中2、3胎的初生窝重极显著高于头胎及6胎之后的仔猪初生窝重(P<0.01)。3月份总产仔数、产活仔数及初生窝重极显著高于其他月份(P<0.01),且11月份初生窝重显著低于其他月份(P<0.05)。长白纯繁母猪在产活仔数方面极显著优于大白纯繁母猪和长白×大白杂交母猪(P<0.01);在初生窝重方面,大白×长白杂交母猪的初生窝重极显著高于大白纯繁母猪和长白×大白杂交母猪(P<0.01)。第2胎与3~4胎、第3胎与第4胎的总产仔数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。综上所述,该猪场母猪3~6胎的产仔性能较好,且以1~4月份的产仔性能为佳;配种方式以长白纯繁和大白×长白杂交为宜;第2胎产仔性能可作为后备母猪选留的重要依据。  相似文献   

不同糖蜜量对肉牛育肥效果的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王世雄  尹尚芬  郑锦玲  段新慧  黄必志  杨国荣 《中国牛业科学》2010,36(1):32-35

[目的]为了探讨肉牛育肥过程中的糖蜜用量。[方法]从120头西杂牛中随机选48头,分为8组,每组．6头。以四个处理2个重复进行试验;Tr1为对照组,饲喂全株玉米秸青贮加精料;Tr2-Tr1＋糖蜜1kg,Tr3-Tr1＋糖蜜2kg,Tr4-Tr1＋糖蜜3kg。试验期100d,其中预试期·10d,试验期90d。每30d称重1次,在上午空腹称重。本试验数据采用SAs软件进行统计分析。[结果]表明：添加甜蜜的各组与对照组比较,净增重均有显著性差异（P〈0．05）,Trl平均净增重为83．88kg,显著低于（P〈0．05）添加糖蜜的Tr2、Tr3和Tr4,各试验组中以Tr3添加糖蜜2kg,净增重效果最好,为119．83kg,显著高于试验各组;同样添加糖蜜的各组ADG与对照组比较差异显著（P〈0．05）,Trl为0．92kg,显著低于（P〈0．05）添加糖蜜的各组。[结论]表明添加2kg糖蜜的Tr3肉牛的增重效果好而经济,头均比Tr1增收入556．67元。  相似文献   

马尾松第二代种子园建园无性系选育及应用   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

张任好 《福建林业科技》2008,35(1):1-6

选育建园材料114个无性系,营建马尾松第二代种子园34 hm2。经遗传测定,全同胞家系具有中等以上的遗传力(在0.5~0.8之间),按配合选择的方法,5年生的树高、胸径、材积的遗传增益分别为8%~20.3%、13.6%~40.8%、29.1%~74.7%;10年生分别为16.3%~39%、31.5%~44.4%和58.7%~146.5%。从种源与优树子代试验林选出的优树的树高、胸径、材积分别大于对照4.9%~10.5%、1.6%~36.4%、15.1%~115%。建园无性系生长结实性状良好,种子园植株3年生树高1.8~2.2 m,胸径2~5.5 cm,有65.3%的无性系开花结实;收集区5年生采穗嫁接建园的无性系平均树高4.4 m、胸径6.2 cm、冠幅2.4 m、轮枝5.3盘,有90%的无性系开花结实。  相似文献   

Cross-breeding and Selection of Flammulina velutipes Hybrid Strains for Industrial Cultivation     

XU Zhen SHANG Xiaodong SU Rong TAN Qi 《食用菌学报》2008,15(4)

White Flammulina velutipes strains FM0 F21,F10 and F3-W were selected as the parental strains in a single-spore cross-breeding experiment.Thirty basidiospore-derived monokaryons were selected randomly from each parental strain,and mating was carried out according to the mating groups:FM×F21,FM×F3-W and F3-W×F10.Integrative analysis revealed that hybrid progenies from the FM×F21 mating group exhibited the highest mating rate (79%).However,only 59.2% of these hybrids produced measurable fruit body yields c...  相似文献   

甘肃黄鸡与亚发蛋鸡的杂交效果分析     

史兆国  李婉平 《甘肃农业大学学报》2000,35(1):38-42

利用杂交的方式对甘肃黄鸡与亚发商品蛋鸡杂种的３００日龄产蛋量、料蛋比、存活率、淘汰体质量进行了研究。结果表明，黄杂鸡的３００日龄产蛋量比甘肃黄鸡提高了 １０．３３％，料蛋比比甘肃黄鸡低 ０．３９，存活率比甘肃黄鸡提高了 ７. ７８％，淘汰体质量接近 ２.０ ｋｇ。  相似文献   

俄罗斯沙棘与中国沙棘杂交子代雌株遗传变异分析     

金争平  温秀凤  顾玉凯  苗忠 《国际沙棘研究与开发》2009,7(1):21-26

本文对3个俄罗斯良种沙棘为母本和中国沙棘优良类型为父本的杂种1代雌株群体的遗传变异特性的分析表明，发生了显著的表型变异；从杂种优势显著的个体中选择出6株优良单株，多数表型超越双亲，果实产量高，营养品质好。  相似文献