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排序方式: 共有501条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
K. S. Venturini M. F. Sarcinelli M. A. Baller T. C. Putarov E. B. Malheiros A. C. Carciofi 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(4):1077-1087
Soya bean protein concentrate (SPC) with two particle sizes were evaluated on extrusion parameters, kibble formation, digestibility and palatability of dog foods. Eight diets were extruded: PBM—control diet based on poultry by‐product meal (PBM); GM—a diet in which corn gluten meal (GM) replaced 45% of the diet protein; cSPC15%, cSPC30% and cSPC45%—diets in which SPC of coarse particle size (600 μm) replaced 15%, 30% and 45% of the diet protein; and sSPC15%, sSPC30% and sSPC45%—diets in which SPC of small particle size (200 μm) replaced 15%, 30% and 45% of the diet protein. The digestibility of nutrients was evaluated for the PBM, GM, cSPC45% and sSPC45% diets, using six dogs per food. The PBM, GM and cSPC45% diets were compared for palatability. Data were submitted for analysis of variance, and the means were compared by polynomial contrasts or Tukey's test (p < .05). The cSPC increased the specific mechanical energy (SME) application, extrusion temperature and pressure linearly, resulting in lower kibble density and higher expansion and starch gelatinization (SG) (p < .01). When comparing the PBM, GM, cSPC45% and sSPC45% diets, higher SME, extrusion temperature and pressure, SG and kibble expansion were verified for the cSPC45% diet (p < .05). The DM, fat and crude protein digestibility were similar among diets. Faecal pH, ammonia and lactate did not differ, demonstrating that the removal of oligosaccharides and soluble non‐starch polysaccharides of SPC produces an ingredient with mostly non‐fermentable fibre. Dogs preferred the PBM to the GM diet (p < .05), but consumed the PBM and cSPC45% foods equally. In conclusion, SPC exhibited good extrusion functionality, favouring kibble expansion and SG, with high digestibility, similar to that of PBM. The removal of soluble compounds from soya beans resulted in an ingredient with low fermentable fibre content, which did not alter faecal formation or characteristics. 相似文献
2.
响应曲面法优化高粱挤压最佳操作参数的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以高粱为原料,研究系统操作参数,包括:物料含水率、喂料速度、螺杆转速、机筒温度对目标参数的影响,并以响应曲面法优化最佳操作参数,优化得到的最佳操作参数为:物料含水率15.77%,喂料速度26.97r/min,螺杆转速181.20r/min,五区温度158.28℃。 相似文献
3.
Charlotte M E Heyer Li F Wang Eduardo Beltranena Ruurd T Zijlstra 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(5)
Canola meal (CM) contains less crude protein (CP) and more fiber and anti-nutritional factors such as glucosinolates than soybean meal (SBM) and consequently has a lower nutrient digestibility. Therefore, processing strategies that may increase the feeding value of CM warrant study. In two experiments, the effects of extrusion of Brassica napus CM on apparent (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA), apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) in growing pigs, and growth performance and diet digestibility in weaned pigs were assessed. Solvent-extracted CM was extruded using a single-screw extruder at three screw speeds: 250 (CM-250), 350 (CM-350), or 450 (CM-450) rpm. In exp. 1, in a double 4 × 4 Latin square, eight ileal-cannulated barrows (initial body weight [BW], 68.1 kg) were fed corn starch-based diets containing 50% CM or extruded CM. The CM sample contained 43.2% CP, 33.2% total dietary fiber (TDF), and 8.9 µmol of total glucosinolates/g on a dry matter (DM) basis. Extrusion increased (P < 0.05) the AID of CP, reduced (P < 0.05) apparent hindgut fermentation of CP, and decreased (P < 0.05) predicted net energy (NE) value of diets. Extrusion increased diet AID and CM SID of most indispensable AA by 3.1 to 5.3%-units. In exp. 2, 200 weaned pigs (initial BW, 8.3 kg) were fed diets containing 20% SBM, CM, or extruded CM starting 2 wk postweaning for 3 wk. The CM sample contained 42.7% CP, 28.3% TDF, and 5.3 µmol total glucosinolates/g DM. Wheat-based diets provided 2.3 Mcal NE/kg and 5.1 g SID Lys/Mcal NE. Dietary inclusion of extruded CM replacing SBM decreased (P < 0.05) diet ATTD of DM, GE and CP, and DE value. Average daily feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), and gain:feed (G:F) of pigs did not differ between extruded CM and SBM diets and were not affected by extrusion, but increasing extruder screw speed linearly increased (P < 0.05) ADG for day 1 to 7 and G:F for the entire trial. In conclusion, extrusion increased diet AID and CM SID of AA but not DE and predicted NE values of CM. However, increasing extruder speed did not further increase the SID of most of the AA of CM in growing pigs. Dietary inclusion of 20% CM or extruded CM did not affect the growth performance in weaned pigs. 相似文献
4.
Endothelin‐1 Immunoreactivity and its Association with Intramedullary Hemorrhage and Myelomalacia in Naturally Occurring Disk Extrusion in Dogs
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通过扫描电镜研究了油菜籽原料、高低粕残油率挤压膨化试样及传统螺旋压榨试样的显微组织结构.结果表明:粕残油率低的试样经挤压膨化后细胞壁破坏充分,物料膨化效果好,有利于溶剂油与油脂的迅速充分接触,从而提高油脂浸出速度、降低粕残油率(<1%);相反,粕残油率高的试样细胞壁没有被充分破坏,传统压榨工艺试样组织结构坚实细密不利于油脂浸出,粕残油率相对较高(>9%). 相似文献
10.
饲料用秸秆丝化多频快速压缩成型工艺参数优化 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为了进一步探明丝化后干玉米秸秆压缩成型的最佳工艺参数,利用WDW-200微机控制电子式万能试验机,以秸秆含水率、最大压缩力(能够压缩成型的最小压缩力)、压缩次数和压缩速度为影响因子,对饲料用玉米秸秆丝化后压缩成型块的松弛比进行了二次回归旋转组合试验研究。建立并分析了4个影响因子对玉米秸秆丝化压缩成型松弛比的回归模型,并进行了验证试验。结果表明:丝化后玉米秸秆压缩成型最佳工艺条件为:含水率为7.8%~18.3%,能够成型的最小压缩力为6.22 MPa,压缩次数为2~6次,压缩速度为128~337 mm/min。在此工艺条件下,干玉米秸秆丝化压缩成型的松弛比在1.2和1.5之间,均能满足实际生产中较低能耗与生产质量的要求。该试验对压缩工艺的优化、压缩设备的研制和了解压缩成型后产品的特性具有参考意义。 相似文献