Direct and Residual Contributions of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation by Legumes to the Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) in the Nigerian Savannah     

U. R. Pal  & Y. Shehu 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2001,187(1):53-58

Field experiments were conducted to determine the direct and residual contributions of legumes to the yield and nitrogen (N) uptake of maize during the wet seasons of 1994 and 1995 at the University Farm, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria, located in the Northern Guinea savannah of Nigeria. Nodulating soybean, lablab, green gram and black gram contributed to the yield and N uptake of maize either intercropped with the legumes or grown after legumes as a sole crop. Direct transfer of N from the nodulating soybean, lablab, green gram and black gram to the intercropped maize was 24.9–28.1, 23.8–29.2, 19.7–22.1 and 18.4–18.6 kg N ha^–1, respectively. However, the transfer of residual N from these legumes to the succeeding maize crop was 18.4–20.0, 19.5–29.9, 12.0–13.7 and 9.3–10.3 kg N ha^–1, respectively. Four years of continuous lablab cropping resulted in yields and N uptake of the succeeding maize crop grown without fertilizer N that were comparable to the yields and N uptake of the succeeding maize crop supplied with 40–45 kg N ha^–1 and grown after 4 years of continuous sorghum cropping. It may therefore be concluded that nodulating soybean, lablab, green gram and black gram may be either intercropped or grown in rotation with cereals in order to economize the use of fertilizer N for maize production in the Nigerian savannah.  相似文献   

豆科植物结瘤固氮研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

洪锐民  雷耀平 《草业科学》1991,8(3):1-4

  相似文献   

小叶锦鸡儿根瘤固氮活性的动态变化     

陶林  高洪文  樊奋成 《中国草地学报》2005,27(3):53-56

对多年生小叶锦鸡儿不同生育期根瘤固氮能力、不同树龄小叶锦鸡儿根瘤固氮能力进行调查,结果表明:开花期固氮酶活性最高,此时土壤含氮量和植株含氮量最高;新瘤多发生于果后营养期,植株生物量的峰值出现在结实期;二年生和五年生植株的根瘤固氮能力强于三年、四年生植株,随生长年限的延长,植株生物量逐渐增大,含氮量呈小幅度下降趋势。  相似文献   

大豆GmNRT1.2a和GmNRT1.2b基因的克隆及功能探究     

LI Guo-Ji  ZHU Lin  CAO Jin-Shan  WANG You-Ning 《作物学报》2020,46(7):1025-1032

拟南芥中硝酸盐的吸收、转运和分配是通过硝酸盐转运蛋白(nitrate transporter, NRT)实现的。尽管之前的生物信息学分析推测大豆GmNRT1.2s可能参与共生固氮过程,但尚未开展相应的功能研究。本研究通过对其表达模式分析収现,GmNRT1.2a和GmNRT1.2b分别在根和叶中高表达,且受硝酸盐诱导,在接种根瘤菌与结瘤因子(nodfactors,NFs)后表达量明显升高。功能研究结果显示,过表达GmNRT1.2a或GmNRT1.2b后大豆根瘤数目显著增加。本研究为深入探究GmNRT1.2a和GmNRT1.2b调控大豆共生固氮过程的分子机制提供了一定的数据支持。  相似文献   

Surgical treatment of a complicated distal tibia epiphyseal Salter–Harris type I fracture in a yearling     

A. C. Noguera Cender  C. J. Lischer  K. Mählmann 《Equine Veterinary Education》2021,33(5):e155-e160

This article describes the management of a complicated distal epiphyseal Salter–Harris type I fracture of the left tibia in a yearling horse. Closed reduction and internal fixation was attempted in the first surgery using tension band wires. Due to fracture instability 2 weeks after surgery, a full-limb transfixation pin cast was applied to the tibia and maintained for 7 weeks to prevent further fracture displacement and to achieve axial alignment. The full-limb cast was maintained for a total of 12 weeks, including the time with the transfixation pin cast. Cast sores and tendon laxity resolved without further complications. Ten months after the first surgery, the fracture had radiographically healed, and the horse was sound at the walk and trot in a straight line.  相似文献   

Effects of soybean variety and Bradyrhizobium strains on yield,protein content and biological nitrogen fixation under cool growing conditions in Germany     

《European Journal of Agronomy》2016

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is able to fix atmospheric nitrogen in symbiosis with the bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Because these bacteria are not native in European soils, soybean seeds must be inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strains before sowing to fix nitrogen and meet their yield potential. In Central Europe soybean cultivation is still quite new and breeding of early maturing soybean varieties adapted to cool growing conditions has just started.Under these low temperature conditions in Central Europe the inoculation with different, commercially available Bradyrhizobium inoculants has resulted in unsatisfactory nodulation. The aim of this study was: (i) to test the ability of commercially available inoculants to maximize soybean grain yield, protein content and protein yield, (ii) to study the interaction of different inoculants with different soybean varieties for two different sites in Germany under cool growing conditions over three years and (iii) to determine the variability of biological nitrogen fixation. Field trials were set up on an organically managed site at the Hessische Staatsdomäne Frankenhausen (DFH) and on a conventionally managed site in Quedlinburg (QLB) for three consecutive seasons from 2011 to 2013. Three early maturing soybean varieties—Merlin, Bohemians, Protina—were tested in combination with four different Bradyrhizobium inoculants—Radicin No.7, NPPL-Hi Stick, Force 48, Biodoz Rhizofilm—and compared with a non-inoculated control. Effective inoculation with Bradyrhizobium strains increased grain yield, protein content and protein yield by up to 57%, 26% and 99%, respectively. Grain yield, protein content and protein yield were generally higher in DFH. Average grain yield was 1634 kg ha⁻¹ in QLB (2012–2013) and 2455 kg ha⁻¹ in DFH (2011–2013), average protein content was 386 g kg⁻¹ in QLB and 389 g kg⁻¹ in DFH and average protein yield was 650 kg ha⁻¹ in QLB and 965 kg ha⁻¹ in DFH. The percentage of nitrogen derived from air (Ndfa) ranged between 40% and 57%. Soybeans inoculated with Radicin No. 7 failed to form nodules, and crop performance was identical to the non-inoculated control. Biodoz Rhizofilm, NPPL Hi-Stick and Force 48 are suitable for soybean cultivation under cool growing conditions in Germany. Interactions between soybean variety and inoculant were significant for protein content and protein yield at both sites, but not for nodulation, grain yield, thousand kernel weight and Ndfa. The variety Protina in combination with the inoculant Biodoz Rhizofilm can be recommended for tofu for both tested sites, while Merlin and Protina in combination with Biodoz Rhizofilm are recommended for animal fodder production in DFH. Animal fodder production was not profitable in QLB due to low protein yields.  相似文献   

西南地区主要类型土壤钾素有效性分析     

朱启红  伍钧 《农机化研究》2007,(7):153-157

通过测定西南地区主要类型土壤的基本农化性状、Q/I曲线、固钾率和酸提取钾来研究土壤钾素缓冲容量(PBCK),进而分析土壤钾素的有效性.试验结果表明,PBCK与土壤CEC、固钾率和酸提取均呈极显著正相关,因此可以用PECK来衡量土壤钾素有效性.  相似文献   

陕西省几种黄土性土壤钾吸附固定动力学研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

薛泉宏  马博虎 《西北农业学报》2001,10(2):79-83

采用平衡法研究了陕西省 4种黄土性土壤钾吸附固定的动力学性质。结果表明 :1黄土性土壤不同土类钾吸附固定量、吸附固定速度及平衡时间差异很大。土娄 土粘化层和黑垆土埋藏腐殖质层的钾吸附固定量约为耕层的 2倍 ,陕南黄褐土的钾吸附固定量仅次于 土娄 土粘化层 ,黄绵土的钾吸附固定量最小 ;2供试土壤不同时段的钾吸附固定速度随时间的衰减变化符合 Vt=A Blnt模型 ,衰减速率因土类而异 ;3供试土壤钾吸附固定过程符合 Elovich方程和一级扩散方程 ;4供试土壤钾吸附固定过程分为快、中、慢三个阶段或快、慢两个阶段 ,快反应约在 4 0 h完成 ,吸附固定钾量达总量的 64 %～ 93 % ,所用时间仅占总时间的 1 2 %～ 4 3 %。  相似文献   

不同苜蓿根瘤菌固氮能力和黄酮变异研究     

杨映环  何庆元  梅绍祥 《草业与畜牧》2012,(5)

从重庆、安徽和新疆3个地区的宿主苜蓿上分别分离纯化出1个根瘤菌菌株。将3个菌株分别接种到WL323和阿尔冈金两个品种苜蓿上。分析不同处理的固氮能力和它们的芦丁的含量，以及黄酮含量和固氮的关系。结果表明：固氮能力、芦丁、黄酮含量都受到根瘤菌菌株、苜蓿品种和两者的相互作用影响；并且各组合的芦丁含量与固氮量之间成负相关，黄酮含量越高，固氮量越少。  相似文献   

Nitrogen requirements associated with improved conservation tillage for corn production     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(11):1133-1149

Abstract

Excessive soil erosion and use of nitrogen fertilizer are costly to the Atlantic Coastal Plain corn (zea mays L., ’Funks G 4507') producer and both may serve to create environmental hazards. An in‐row chisel (36 cm deep) tillage method was compared with the standard 5 cm fluted coulter method for planting corn in premature wheat (Triticim aestivum L.) residues grown on an Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult). Five orthogonal N levels ranging up to 440 kg of N/ha were used to determine an economic N optimum for each tillage method.

The in‐row chisel tillage method provides a possible yield advantage in the Atlantic Coastal Plain because of observed restricting soil layers within the normal corn rooting zone. The estimated profit‐maximizing quantities of N fertilizer were 262 and 295 kg of N/ha (234 and 263 1b of N/acre) for the fluted coulter and in‐row tillage procedures, respectively. Corn grain yields associated with these inputs were 9.6 × 10³ and 12.6 × 10³ kg/ha (153 and 200 bu/acre), respectively. The yield increase associated with in‐row chiseling through a 2.5 metric ton mulched surface is attributed to potentially improved rooting and more efficient water storage and use.  相似文献