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1.
苜蓿皂甙的理化性质及其生物学功能   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
虽然苜蓿皂甙作为一种抗营养因子限制了苜蓿在畜牧生产中的广泛应用,但苜蓿皂甙能够降低单胃动物血浆胆固醇,为人类提供安全、保健的畜产品。为此本文对苜蓿皂甙的理化性质、制备及生物学功能进行了综述。  相似文献   
2.
海参具有较高的营养价值和药用价值.海参皂苷具有抗肿瘤,抗菌等多种生物活性,具有重大的应用价值和广阔的应用前景.本文对海参皂苷的提取、分离纯化、分析方法及生物活性进行初步的介绍.  相似文献   
3.
The cytotoxic effects of thirteen triterpene glycosides from Holothuria scabra Jaeger and Cucumaria frondosa Gunnerus (Holothuroidea) against four human cell lines were detected and their cytotoxicity-structure relationships were established. The apoptosis-inducing activity of a more potent glycoside echinoside A (1) in HepG2 cells was further investigated by determining its effect on the morphology, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψm) and mRNA expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes. The results showed that the number of glycosyl residues in sugar chains and the side chain of aglycone could affect their cytotoxicity towards tumor cells and selective cytotoxicity. 1 significantly inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. 1 also markedly decreased the Δψm and Bcl-2/Bax mRNA express ratio, and up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-8 and Caspase-9 in HepG2 cells. Therefore, 1 induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathway. These findings could potentially promote the usage of these glycosides as leading compounds for developing new antitumor drugs.  相似文献   
4.
姜玲  章文才  柯云 《园艺学报》2000,27(2):130-132
以MS+NAA1mg/L KT2mg/L为基本培养基,研究了不同浓度的5种大量元素对银杏愈伤组织的细胞生长及其黄酮醇糖苷含量的基本培养基,研究了不同浓度的5种大量元素与细胞生长率呈负相关;KNO3浓度对细胞生长率影响不大,但对黄酮醇糖苷含量影响明显;随着MgSO4浓度的增加,细胞生长率和黄酮醇糖苷的含量呈现同步变化;随CaCl2浓度的变化,细胞生长率和黄酮醇糖苷含量呈负相关。  相似文献   
5.
Zhao ZX  Jin J  Lin CZ  Zhu CC  Liu YM  Lin AH  Liu YX  Zhang L  Luo HF 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(7):1102-1105
Two new chalcone glycosides 4′-O-(6″-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-2′,4-dihydroxychalcone (1) and 4′-O-(6″-O-galloyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-2′-hydroxy-4-methoxychalcone (2) together with one known chalcone glycoside 4′-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-2′-hydroxy-4-methoxychalcone (3) were isolated from the stems of Entada phaseoloides. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HSQC, HMBC, 1H–1H COSY, and chemical evidences. This is the first report of chalcone-type compounds isolated from the genus Entada.  相似文献   
6.
生氰糖苷是由氰醇衍生物的羟基和D-葡萄糖缩合形成的糖苷,已在2 000多种植物中发现,分属于蕨类植物、裸子植物和被子植物的130个家族.生氰糖苷的主要生物学功能在于阻止食草动物和病原体对植物的侵害.通过反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术从小佛肚竹Bambusa ventricosa幼笋中克隆到CYP79家族同源基因的cDNA全长,命名为BvCYP79.BvCYP79共有1 913个碱基对,翻译起始点为193碱基处,终止子位于1 752 bp,包含1个1 559 bp的完整编码区,开放阅读框共编码519个氨基酸.具有PERF和SFSTGRRGCIA保守结构域,属于典型的单子叶植物CYP79家族基因.生氰糖苷途径可能也存在于竹类植物,因而在食用笋的安全性评估上具有一定指导意义.  相似文献   
7.
试验结果表明,两个高RA型甜菊品种的含甙总量(TSG)和RA含量占TSG含量比重总趋势是均随着田间植株生长而递增,ST含量占TSG含量比重总趋势则是随田间植株生长而递减。守田3号TSG含量在80d时达最高,RA含量占TSG含量比重在130d时(现蕾期)达最高,ST含量占TSG含量比重在100d时降至最低。谱星1号TSG含量也在80d时达最高,RA含量占TSG含量比重、ST含量占TSG含量比重在100d时升至最高和降至最低。试验结果对于选择最佳收获期意义重大。  相似文献   
8.
AIM: To investigate the role of TLRs/NF-κB pathway in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) rats treated with tripterygium glycosides (TG) + dexamethasone (DX). METHODS: Lewis rats were used in the study and divided into control group, EAE model group, therapy 1 group (EAE rats treated with DX) and therapy 2 group (EAE rats treated with DX+TG). The mean clinical score of the rats was determined. The expression of TLR4 and TLR9 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by the methods of real-time quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The protein level of NF-κB p65 was also measured. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were assayed by ELISA. RESULTS: The mean clinical scores at 5th, 16th and 20th day were lower in therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group than that in EAE model group. The mean clinical score in therapy 2 group was even lower than that in therapy 1 group. At the 16th day (the peaking period), the mRNA expression of TLR4 and TLR9 in therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group were obviously lower than that in EAE model group. The protein levels of TLR4, TLR9 and NF-κB p65 were also significantly lower in therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group than those in EAE model group at peak stage of EAE. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were lower in therapy1 group and therapy2 group than those in EAE model group. The significant differences of the mean clinical score, the mRNA expression of TLR4 and TLR9, the positive ratio of NF-κB p65 and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 between therapy 1 group and therapy 2 group were found. The result of orthogonal factorial analysis of variance indicated that the difference of therapeutic effect between DX and DX+TG was significant (F=75.749, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The TLRs/NF-κB pathway takes part in the pathological process of EAE. TG combined with DX alleviates the symptoms of EAE by suppressing inflammatory and immunological reactions of EAE.  相似文献   
9.
From the MeOH extract of Sideritis trojana, a new iridoid glycoside, 10-O-(E)-feruloylmelittoside (1) was obtained in addition to four known iridoid glycosides [melittoside (2), 10-O-(E)-p-coumaroylmelittoside (3), stachysosides E (4) and G (5)]. Moreover, five phenylethanoid glycosides [verbascoside (6), isoacteoside (7), lamalboside (8), leonoside A (9), isolavandulifolioside (10), three flavone glycosides (isoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (11), 4'-O-methyisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (12), 3'-hydroxy-4'-O-methyisoscutellarein 7-O-[6'-O-acetyl-β-allopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-glucopyranoside (13) and a benzylalcohol derivative (di-O-methylcrenatin) were obtained and identified. The structures were elucidated on the basis of NMR and HRMS data. All compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity by in vitro TEAC assay and some of them exhibited moderate activity (0.97-1.44 mM) when compared with the reference compound (quercetin 1.86 mM). Glycosides 6-13, the most active compounds in the TEAC assay, were also tested by flow cytometry to evaluate their ability to affect the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human prostate cancer cells (PC3).  相似文献   
10.
Crude ethanol extracts from Ficus benjamina leaves strongly inhibit Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1/2) as well as Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) cell infection in vitro. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract demonstrated that the most efficient inhibition of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was obtained with the flavonoid fraction. The present study was aimed to further isolate, purify and identify substances with potent antiviral activity from the flavonoid fraction of F. benjamina extracts. Flavonoids were collected from the leaf ethanol extracts through repeated purification procedure and HPLC analysis. The antiviral activity of each substance was then evaluated in cell culture. Three known flavone glycosides, (1) quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, (2) kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside and (3) kaempferol 3-O-robinobioside, showing highest antiviral efficiency were selected and their structure was determined by spectroscopic analyses including NMR and mass spectrometry (MS). These three flavones were highly effective against HSV-1 reaching a selectivity index (SI) of 266, 100 and 666 for compound 1, 2 and 3, respectively, while the SI of their aglycons, quercetin and kaempferol amounted only in 7.1 and 3.2, respectively. Kaempferol 3-O-robinobioside showed similar SI to that of acyclovir (ACV), the standard anti-HSV drug. Although highly effective against HSV-1 and HSV-2, these flavone glycosides did not show any significant activity against VZV.  相似文献   
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