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Summary The potential for breeding for high groat-oil content in oats was investigated by (a) conducting generation means analyses on data from three matings among adapted Avena sativa L. cultivars, (b) practicing one cycle of phenotypic recurrent selection in a segregating population derived from eight species backcrosses (Avena sativa x (A. sativa x A. sterilis)) among 24 parents, and (c) identifying transgressive segregates from interspecific (A. sativa x A. sterilis) matings.Additive gene action was the most important component in explaining the variation among generation means for groat-oil content. Dominance and epistatic interactions involving dominance were not significant in any mating. Significant residual genetic variation occurred in one mating, even after additive, dominance, and three digenic interactions were fitted. The importance of additive genes action implies that desired allelic combinations for high groat-oil content can be obtained in pure-line cultivars.One cycle of phenotypic recurrent selection using single plants as the selection units resulted in a genetic gain of 1.7 to 2.1% in groat-oil content. Individual plants selected for initiating the second cycle had from 9.5 to 12.6% groat oil.Over all 12 interspecific matings, the F2 progeny means were similar to the midparent values. Only two were significantly deviant. Transgressive segregates for high and low groat-oil content from these matings provided evidence that A. sterilis possesses alleles for high and low groat-oil content that are different from those in the gene pool of cultivated oats.Journal Paper No. J-11340 of the Iowa Agric. and Home ECon. Exp. Stn., Ames, Iowa 50011. Project 2447. This study was supported in parts by grants from the Iowa Committee for Agricultural Development and the International Harvester Company. 相似文献
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Summary Groat oil of oat (Avena sativa L.) is a well-balanced oil with respect to saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. In this study, we measured the effect of six cycles of recurrent selection for high groat-oil content on the fatty acid composition of the groat oil. From each cycle of selection, 50 oat lines were grown in a replicated field experiment at two sites and were evaluated for groat-oil content and fatty acid composition.Concentrations of palmitate and linolenate decreased moderately over cycles of selection, whereas stearate content increased. A major increase occurred in the content of oleate and a major decrease in linoleate. Most of the modification of fatty acid composition took place within the saturated and unsaturated classes. The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids increased over cycles of selection. Significant genetic variation was present for each fatty acid, indicating that selection for different desired fatty acid compositions in groat oil of oat should be possible in this population.Abbreviations GO
groat-oil content
- 16:1
palmitate
- 18:0
stearate
- 18:1
oleate
- 18:2
linoleate
- 18:3
linolenate 相似文献
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Increases in the groat-oil content of oat (Avena sativa L.) increase the energy value of the grain and improve the feasibility of extracting oat oil for use as a vegetable oil.
Nine cycles of recurrent selection for greater groat-oil content conducted in a genetically broad-based oat population resulted
in dramatic increases in groat-oil content. Our objectives were todetermine if selection for greater groat-oil content affected
fatty acid composition, grain quality traits (test weight and seed weight), or agronomic traits (straw yield, biomass, harvest
index, heading date, and height). We evaluated 100 random lines from the base (C0) population and each of the nine selection
cycle populations in three environments in order to estimate means, genetic variances, heritabilities, and genotypic and phenotypic
correlations of grain quality and agronomic traits. We also evaluated 20 random lines from each population to estimate changes
in fatty acid contents. Oleate and stearate contents increased over cycles of selection, as did the ratio of unsaturated to
saturated fatty acids. Palmitate, linoleate, and linolenate contents and all grain quality and agronomic traits except harvest
index decreased over cycles of selection. There was no evidence for reduced genetic variance or heritability in C9 for any
trait, but the genotypic and phenotypic correlations between agronomic traits and oil content fluctuated over cycles. Selection
for increased groat-oil content improved oil quality but reduced grain quality and agronomic performance of the population.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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