红叶甜菜-花生和油葵-花生轮作修复土壤Cd的能力   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

涂鹏飞  谭可夫  陈璘涵  杨洋  袁婧  陈奕暄  杨耀东  曾清如 《农业环境科学学报》2020,37(4):609-614

利用生物量高的经济作物进行轮作，可在加快修复土壤Cd污染进程的同时获得一定的经济效益。本研究在长沙市望城区群力村Cd轻度污染的土壤进行冬季种植红叶甜菜、夏季复种植花生和春末种植油葵、夏季复种植花生的轮作模式试验，探究重金属修复潜力。结果表明：花生、油葵、红叶甜菜各部位Cd富集系数除花生果实外均大于1，对Cd均有较强的富集能力。油葵-花生、红叶甜菜-花生轮作模式种植一季可提取土壤Cd总量分别为40.80 g·hm^-2和53.34 g·hm^-2。红叶甜菜-花生轮作将土壤Cd含量由0.316 mg·kg^-1降至0.286 mg·kg^-1，油葵-花生轮作一季将土壤Cd含量由0.316 mg·kg^-1降至0.283 mg·kg^-1。研究表明，红叶甜菜-花生、油葵-花生轮作模式均对土壤重金属Cd有较好的修复潜力。  相似文献   

Farmers' irrigation practices in a high rainfall area     

K. S. Yoon  K. H. Yoo  T. W. Tyson  L. M. Curtis 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1993,7(3):221-229

Recent droughts in the humid southeastern United States have focused attention on the need for and use of supplemental irrigation. Total annual rainfall amounts are sufficient for most crops in the region. However, erratic distribution of rainfall and the low water-holding capacities of most soils in the region cause frequent drought stresses in many crops. An on-farm study was conducted in southeastern Alabama to evaluate the effects of farmers' irrigation scheduling decisions on soil moisture variations in peanut fields irrigated with center-pivot irrigation systems. The study showed that the way irrigation was practiced in this high rainfall area often caused soil moisture deficit (SMD) level higher than the desired SMD limit during over 20% of the 140-day growing season. This is partially due to farmers' tendency to delay irrigation in anticipation of rainfall which may or may not occur, as rainfall during the growing season is often erratic and local. In contrast SMD in non-irrigated fields was higher than the SMD limit for half of the growing season.Abbreviations SMD soil moisture deficit - ET evapotranspiration - R_eff effective rainfall - WHC water holding capacity  相似文献   

Use of ammonia electrode for total nitrogen determination in plants     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(5):477-481

Abstract

An ammonia electrode was evaluated as a means of determining ammonium concentration in semi‐micro Kjeldahl digests of plant samples. Results of the ammonia electrode determination agreed closely with distillation and titration results. Advantages of the electrode method include speed, precision, increased safety, simplicity and the fact that only a small aliquot of the digest is used.  相似文献   

盐碱胁迫对花生种子发芽特性影响及盐害综合鉴定评价     

徐婷  柳延涛  王海江  李强  王鹏  董红业 《中国油料作物学报》2022,44(5):1037

随着土壤盐碱地面积不断扩大,盐碱胁迫成为影响花生萌发的重要因素之一。为探究花生品种耐盐碱特性,筛选耐盐碱花生品种,以发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和盐害率为指标,益花1号、花育25号、花育39号、汾花1号、豫花37号为试验材料,分析NaCl、NaHCO₃和NaCl+NaHCO₃（1∶1）3种盐碱类型,4种胁迫浓度（0.3%、0.6%、0.9%、1.2%）对花生种子萌发的影响,对比分析各指标间的差异,并进行耐盐碱能力评价。研究结果表明,盐碱胁迫抑制种子萌发,随着盐碱溶液浓度增加发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均呈下降趋势,盐害率呈上升趋势,且NaCl+NaHCO₃（1∶1）胁迫程度大于NaCl和NaHCO₃,0.9%和1.2%浓度下种子不萌发。盐害等级划分结果与隶属函数综合评价结果显示,益花1号在3种盐碱胁迫下耐盐碱水平均较高,花育39号在各盐碱胁迫下耐盐碱性最差;益花1号为盐碱胁迫下的优势品种;新疆盐碱土壤类型主要为混合盐碱,综合各指标考虑,0.6%的胁迫浓度可作为评价各品种的耐盐碱性强弱的参考浓度。  相似文献   

牛磺酸花生露生产工艺研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王颉  陈平 《花生学报》1998,(3):4-6

本项目以花生和牛磺到为主要原料，采用微波烘烤脱除花生腥味；利用单甘酯、司盘、吐温和三聚磷酸钠等配成复合乳化剂，经粗磨、细磨、乳化和均质等生产工艺，制成牛磺酸花生露。该产品的保质期达１年左右。  相似文献   

A review of the nomenclature of the genus Arachis L.     

P. M. Resslar 《Euphytica》1980,29(3):813-817

Summary Confusion has arisen with regard to the correct botanical nomenclature for the taxa within the genus Arachis L. This paper discusses the proper usage, as mandated by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, of the epithets within the genus. Adherence to the rules described in this paper should reduce the present confusion in the nomenclature of Arachis.Paper number 6080 of the Journal Series of the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC 27650 (USA).  相似文献   

Estimates of leafspot resistance in three interspecific hybrids of Arachis     

Yousuf Sharief  J. O. Rawlings  W. C. Gregory 《Euphytica》1978,27(3):741-751

  相似文献   

河北滦县花生地膜残留污染监测试验报告     

王建平 《北京农业》2012,(33):45-46

利用2种(质量平衡法、田间实测法)试验方法对滦县花生地膜残留量进行监测,获得每667m2花生地膜的残留量为0.625kg,残留量占使用量的20.8%。  相似文献   

花生化感物质降解菌的筛选、鉴定与降解特性研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

钱娜  王小兵  汪晓丽  封克  陈盾  苏金成  崔梦涵 《农业环境科学学报》2019,38(6):1288-1295

为筛选高效化感物质降解菌,以花生根系分泌物中的化感物质苯甲酸作为唯一碳源,采用富集培养和稀释平板法从连作花生长期定位试验地的健康花生植株根际土壤中筛选高效花生化感物质降解菌,经形态观察、生理生化分析和16S rDNA序列同源性比较以及系统发育分析对降解菌进行鉴定,并通过单因素试验对降解菌进行降解特性研究。结果表明:筛选到的2株高效降解菌分别为木糖氧化无色杆菌(Achromobacter xylosoxidans HJ-2)和硝基还原假单胞菌(Pseudomonas nitroreducens HJ-3)。降解菌HJ-2降解的适宜pH为6.0～9.0,适宜温度为30～45℃,适宜NaCl浓度为0～6%;降解菌HJ-3降解的适宜pH为6.0～8.0,适宜温度为30～35℃,适宜NaCl浓度为0～4%。两株降解菌都能够降解苯乙酮、硬脂酸、棕榈酸、乳酸、3,5-二甲基苯甲醛和丙三醇等化感物质。研究表明,降解菌HJ-2和HJ-3对苯甲酸有显著降解效果,两个菌株均具有广谱降解化感物质的特性,且降解菌HJ-2对不良环境适应能力较强。  相似文献   

花生EMS诱变体系的探索及突变体鉴定     

苑翠玲  李春娟§  闫彩霞  赵小波  王娟  张浩  孙全喜  单世华 《中国油料作物学报》2021,43(4):627

突变体创制对花生遗传改良和功能基因组学研究具有重要意义。为获得最佳诱变效果，本研究对不同基因型花生品种的EMS诱变条件进行摸索，发现花育22号、花育71、花育9301、狮头企和伏花生的最适诱变浓度分别为0.4%、0.5%、0.3%、0.5%和0.3%。通过对最适EMS浓度诱变处理下苗期芽长、株高、根长及根数目分析，发现5个品种虽然都能正常成苗，但均受到较严重的损伤。在预实验基础上，用浓度为0.4%的EMS溶液处理了大约5000粒花育22号种子，M1及M2世代性状调查显示突变群体表型丰富，出现株高、株型、荚果、籽仁、分枝数、叶形等表型变异株系，表型变异率为12.9%。本研究为花生遗传改良和功能基因组学研究提供了丰富的种质材料。  相似文献