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1.
小麦颖花开放过程中花器不同部位茉莉酸类的动态变化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以宁麦8号为试材,研究了茉莉酸类（jasmonates,JAs）的2种主要化合物,茉莉酸甲酯（methyl jasmonate,MeJA）和茉莉酸（jasmonic acid,JA）对小麦离体穗颖花开放的诱导效应。结果发现它们均可诱导小麦颖花开放,但JA的活性略低于MeJA。用基于抗茉莉酸甲酯单克隆抗体的酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）,在颖花开放前后,对其雄蕊、雌蕊、浆片、内外稃组织中的内源JAs含量进行定量分析。结果表明：雄蕊、浆片和内外稃的JAs含量随着开颖时间的临近而逐渐升高,在颖花开放时达最大值,花后2h下降;相反,雌蕊的JAs含量在开颖前1d较高,接近开花时下降,而到花后2h大幅度上升。颖花自然开放过程中,浆片鲜重逐渐增加并在开花时达到最大值。MeJA诱导的颖花开放过程也伴随着浆片鲜重的增加。上述结果提示,JAs可能通过作用于颖花的各个组织来调控颖花的开放过程。 相似文献
2.
不结球白菜雌蕊蛋白质双向电泳技术体系的建立 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以不结球白菜品种‘矮脚黄’的雌蕊为材料,从蛋白质提取、IEF程序、IPG胶条pH范围和染色方法等方面进行比较,利用Tris-HCl提取方法,使用pH 4～7 IPG胶条和改进的等电聚焦程序,改良银染方法,建立了适用于不结球白菜雌蕊蛋白质的双向电泳技术体系,并使用该体系对开花前2 d的花蕾雌蕊和开花2 d后的雌蕊蛋白质进行比较分析,获得187个差异蛋白点。 相似文献
3.
杏落花落果生殖生物学研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对哈尔滨地区东北杏(Anneniaca mandshurica(Maxim.)Skv.)有关落花落果现象进行调查,并对杏花器做了解剖学研究,以探求杏落花落果的原因。结果表明,杏落花落果现象严重,不同地点落花率在31%～100%之间;同株不同部位落花率在31%～65%之间。在花器结构上出现花被片萎缩、子房变小、花柱未伸长等现象。研究认为,杏落花落果及雌蕊败育与品种特性、树体营养状况、外界环境因子等有关。 相似文献
4.
Summary Different wheat genotypes (T. aestivum) were crossed with rye to ascertain the site or sites of manifestation of the crossability genes, Kr
1 and Kr
2. By using fluorescence microscopy, it was found that the order of increasing proportion of wheat micropyles containing pollen tubes is strongly correlated with the levels of crossability with rye. High crossable genotypes have more micropyles containing pollen tubes than those of the low crossable ones. Most of the inhibition or retardation of pollen tubes occurred between the style base and top of the embryo sac, expecially with the low crossable genotypes where both Kr-genes are present. The results also indicate that Kr
1 is a greater inhibitor than Kr
2. Seed set is also highly correlated with the number or proportion of micropyles having pollen tubes. Alternate pollinations seem to support the view that rye pollen tubes do not reach the micropyles of the low crossable genotypes, and hence when repollinated with wheat selfed seeds are produced. 相似文献
5.
Blue aleurone trait diagnoses developmental origin of three pistils in a floret in common wheat 
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下载免费PDF全文 The common ‘three‐pistil’ (TP) wheat mutation line expresses TPs in a floret normally containing TPs forming three grains set close back‐to‐back. The developmental origin of the TP trait in common wheat had been diagnosed non‐destructively using the blue aleurone trait. The aleurone colour of F2 seeds grown in F1 plants of cross TP/UC66049 was evaluated. Due to xenia, the hue of blue grain colour depended on dose of the Ba1 gene for blue aleurone in the triploid endosperm. The TP trait produced four types of segregation in three‐seed clusters: (i) white grain only, (ii) two white grains and one blue, (iii) one white grain and two blue, and (iv) three blue grains only. The observed frequency of blue–white seed within clusters followed the binominal distribution 3Cr (0.75)r·(0.25)3–r, where r is the number of colour variants in three‐seed clusters (r = 0–3). Intrafloret segregation of seed colour and F2 segregation derived from aleurone colour of F3 seeds indicated an independent origin of the TP trait. 相似文献
6.
Toktam Taghavi Adam Dale James Luby James Hancock Becky Hughes 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(4):258-266
ABSTRACTCommon strawberry cultivars are hermaphrodites, producing both anthers and pistils in their flowers. However, octoploid Fragaria species are trioecious and different genotypes can be female with pistillate flowers, hermaphrodites, or males with staminate flowers. One female selection, F. virginiana High Falls 22 and three hermaphrodite selections, N8688, RH23, and Montreal River 10 were hybridized with five June-bearing cultivars. Seedlings of each family were planted in Ontario and Michigan. Two F. chiloensis selections Pigeon Point (female) and FRA1267 (hermaphrodite), were hybridized with 14 F. virginiana selections. Seedlings from each family were planted in Ontario and Minnesota. In all progeny, the presence or absence of anthers was recorded and a subjective scale used to estimate the percentage of fruit set (1–10 representing 10% intervals). Also, FRA1267 was crossed with one F. × ananassa selection and the progeny intercrossed and grown in Ontario. In the sib-crosses gender was recorded. In two female parents, the female progeny had on average a higher fruit set than the hermaphrodite progeny. F. virginiana genotypes varied in their fruit set, which suggested that there are a number of alleles involved in the fertility of hermaphrodites. In crosses, FRA1267 produced 80% females when used as a female parent and 100% hermaphrodites when used as a male parent. It is thought that the trait is inherited cytoplasmically or that the F. chiloensis alleles involved are epistatic when F. virginiana or F. × ananassa is used as a male parent. 相似文献
7.
马辉华 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(4)
以HAC化学诱变剂喷雾水稻不同生育期叶片。结果表明,这种诱变荆既具有化学杀雄的作用,也可使稻株诱变成分枝型。同时可将小穗花器各部演变成叶片状的谷壳,使整个小穗扁状呈扇形,并能使雄蕊原基演变为雌蕊和诱导雌蕊发生辟分。这些形态特征,是在人工诱导条件下,干扰代谢功能而形成的演化趋势。 相似文献
8.
以水稻品种N22为材料,通过数据库检索和文献挖掘,筛选出47个在高温胁迫和高温干旱复合胁迫下在花药和授粉雌蕊中均差异表达的敏感基因,并对其进行表达模式分析和生物信息学分析.结果显示:47个敏感基因主要富集到HSP20、HSP70、四肽重复、ClpA/B、DnaJ、FKBP型肽脯氨酰顺反异构酶和EF–hand蛋白结构域,且绝大多数敏感基因在高温胁迫和高温干旱复合胁迫下的花药和授粉雌蕊中表达上调,有利于水稻花器官对抗胁迫诱导的胞内蛋白损伤;47个敏感基因主要参与了与胁迫相关的生物学过程和代谢途径,与类固醇激素受体的HSP90伴侣循环和蛋白质甲基化也有关.通过预测,获得13个敏感基因的28个上游miRNAs,其中osa–miR164、osa–miR156和osa–miR5162可能是水稻生殖期间逆境胁迫下对水稻育性、抽穗、衰老以及磷脂代谢中起关键作用的miRNAs. 相似文献
9.
为充分利用小麦三雌蕊近等基因系的优良性状,深入探索其在小麦遗传育种中的利用价值。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,对小麦三雌蕊近等基因系的高分子量麦谷蛋白(HMW-GS)、低分子量麦谷蛋白(LMW-GS)和醇溶蛋白进行了分析。以‘中国春’(CS)为参照,按照LMW-GS和醇溶蛋白电泳图谱条带迁移距离大小和条带多态性对供试材料进行聚类分析。麦谷蛋白的SDS-PAGE电泳结果表明,10份材料共出现了10 种HMW-GS 亚基类型和8 种亚基组合;在Glu-A1 位点,主要亚基Null 的频率达60%;Glu-B1 位点,主要亚基7+8 的频率为50%;Glu-D1 位点,主要亚基2+12 的频率为60%;主要亚基组合为Null/7+8/2+12。10 份材料共分离出20 条LMW-GS带谱,其中共有带谱10 条,比例为50%。醇溶蛋白的A-PAGE电泳结果表明,10 份材料共分离出25 条带谱,其中共有带谱5 条,比例为20%。聚类分析结果表明,10 份材料的遗传距离为0.03~0.28,当遗传距离为0.26 时,10 份材料可分为3 大类。综合麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白分析以及聚类分析结果可知,小麦三雌蕊近等基因系不能用于提高小麦的品质育种,但可用于提升小麦的产量育种,其首要目标是提高千粒重。 相似文献
10.
小麦雌蕊和雄蕊突变体与川麦28之间特异性ISSR标记筛选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用42条ISSR标记对小麦三雌蕊突变体(TP)和雄蕊同源转化为雌蕊突变体(HTS-1)与川麦28之间特异性的ISSR分子标记进行筛选,为利用ISSR标记定位Pis1基因和控制雄蕊同源转化成雌蕊的hts1和hts2基因奠定基础.结果表明:42条引物共扩增403个条带,有9条引物能在TP和CM 28之间扩增出差异条带,占所用引物的21.4％.有20条引物能在HTS-1和CM 28之间扩增出差异条带,占所用引物的47.6％.有21条引物能在TP与HTS-1之间扩增出差异条带,占所用引物的50％.每条引物最多能扩增出4条差异条带,大部分产生1～2条差异性条带.差异条带大小主要集中在250～750 bp之间.这也证明了ISSR标记是一种简单有效的分子标记,可作为SSR的一种重要补充标记用于遗传图谱的构建. 相似文献