排序方式： 共有12条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Laura Scrano Sabino A Bufo Piero Perucci Pierre Meallier Mohammed Mansour 《Pest management science》1999,55(9):955-961
The degradation in the liquid phase of rimsulfuron and its commercial 250 g kg−1 WG formulation (Titus®) was investigated. Photolysis reactions were carried out at 25 °C by a high-pressure mercury arc (Hg-UV) and a solar simulator (Suntest), while the hydrolysis rate was determined by keeping aqueous buffered samples in the dark. The effects of solvent and water pH on reaction kinetics were studied, and the results compared to literature data. Photoreactions of the commercial product in organic solvents were faster than pure rimsulfuron. Under simulated sunlight in water, the half-life for the photolysis reaction ranged from one to nine days at pH 5 and 9, respectively. The hydrolysis rate was as high as the photolysis rate, but decreased on increasing water pH. The main metabolite identified in neutral and alkaline conditions as well as in acetonitrile was N-[(3-ethylsulfonyl)-2-pyridinyl]-4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyridinamine, while N-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl)-N-[(3-(ethylsulfonyl)-2-pyridinyl)]urea and minor metabolites prevailed in acidic conditions. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
2.
甲咪唑烟酸及其代谢物在花生及土壤中的残留动态研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
通过田间试验,应用HPLC法进行测定,研究了甲咪唑烟酸(CL263,222)及其代谢物(CL263,284)在花生及土壤中的残留动态。结果表明:甲咪唑烟酸及其代谢物在花生植株中消解速度较快,其半衰期为2.87～3.94d;在土壤中的消解速度有较大差异,其半衰期为5.82～17.37d;花生1.5复叶期时,按甲咪唑烟酸108g(a.i.).hm-2施药1次,收获期取样测定,甲咪唑烟酸及其代谢物在花生仁、植株、壳、土壤中残留量均低于0.05mg.kg-1。该药属易分解农药(T1/2<30d),按推荐剂量施用是安全的。 相似文献
3.
采用田间试验的方法,研究了酰胺唑在柑橘及土壤中的残留动态;应用GLC法测定了酰胺唑及其代谢物在柑橘和土壤中的残留量。试验结果表明,酰胺唑及其代谢物在柑橘和土壤中消解较快,其半衰期分别为4.5～7.2d和3.7～5.0d;施药(霉能灵5%WP)83.3mg·L-1,使用3次,末次施药距收获间隔14d、28d,酰胺唑及其代谢物的残留量在柑橘肉中低于0.0084mg·kg-1,在土壤中为0.057～0.526mg·kg-1;该药属易分解农药(T1/2<30d),按推荐使用剂量使用是安全的。 相似文献
4.
报道了砜嘧磺隆（ DPX－ E9636）在土壤和玉米中的残留测定方法。样品以丙酮提取，二氯甲烷萃取，弗罗里硅土柱净化，气相色谱测定，最小检测量为 0.2× 10－ 11 g，土壤、玉米籽和玉米茎叶中的最低检测浓度为 0.002 mg· kg－ 1，添加标准样品的回收率和变异系数分别为 85.72％、 87.89％、 90.20％和 3.37％、 1.86％、 3.67％。 相似文献
5.
为了制定砜嘧磺隆在玉米上的安全使用标准,采用田间实验的方法,研究了砜嘧磺隆在玉米及土壤中的残留动态,应用GLC法测定了砜嘧磺隆在玉米及土壤中的残留量。两年的试验结果表明,砜嘧磺隆在玉米及土壤中消解较快,其半衰期分别为7—8d和10—11d,施药为33.8g(ai)·hm-2,使用1次,末次施药距收获时间隔55d,砜嘧磺隆在玉米及土壤中的残留量均低于0.002mg·kg-1,该药属易分解农药(T1/2<30d)。 相似文献
6.
Response of Sorghum halepense demographic processes to plant density and rimsulfuron dose in maize 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 J Barroso B D Maxwell J Dorado D Andújar C San Martín C Fernández‐Quintanilla 《Weed Research》2016,56(4):304-312
In spatially heterogeneous weed infestations, variable dose technologies could be used to minimise herbicide use; high doses could be applied to reduce high‐density patches and low doses to maintain weed populations in low‐density portions of a field. To assess the potential short‐ and long‐term effects of variable herbicide dose and site‐specific management, the major weed demographic processes were described and parameterised in this study. Various doses of rimsulfuron (from 0 to 12.5 g a.i. ha?1) were applied to different densities of Sorghum halepense (0–100 plants m?2). Contrary to similar studies with other weed species, higher herbicide efficacy was not observed at low densities, suggesting that the same rimsulfuron dose should be applied regardless of the S. halepense density. The highest percentage of control was obtained with the full rimsulfuron dose. However, it did not guarantee a decrease of the infestation in the following season in the field areas where the initial S. halepense density was lower than 60 plants m?2. Reduced doses of rimsulfuron to control S. halepense cannot be recommended based on our results. 相似文献
7.
为探究生物炭对烤烟几种常用农药残留的影响，通过田间试验研究土壤中添加外源生物炭对烟叶及土壤中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆3种农药残留的影响。结果表明：施药后10 d，施炭处理烟叶中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆含量较相应对照分别降低25.63%、57.10%和39.84%，其中，甲霜灵已降至最大残留限量以下;施药后40 d，施炭处理烟叶中顺式氯氰菊酯和砜嘧磺隆也降至最大残留限量以下。施药后10 d，施炭处理土壤中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆含量较相应对照分别增加176.23%、115.05%和23.28%。可见，施用生物炭可以显著降低烟叶中顺式氯氰菊酯、甲霜灵和砜嘧磺隆3种农药残留量，缩短供试3种农药的施药安全间隔期，增加土壤农药残留量。结果为应用生物炭调控作物农药残留提供理论依据。 相似文献
8.
用紫外线照射非荧光特性的砜嘧磺隆和氯磺隆,通过生成具有荧光特性的衍生物,分别研究了其在不同介质中的荧光特性及其影响因子,建立了测定土壤中砜嘧磺隆和氯磺隆残留的光化学荧光分析法(PCF)。结果表明:在2×10-3 mol/L、一定酸碱度(砜嘧磺隆pH 7、氯磺隆pH 12)的十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)胶体分散体系中,紫外照射150 s是PCF法测定砜嘧磺 隆和氯磺隆残留的最佳条件,在此条件下砜嘧磺隆和氯磺隆的检出限(LOD)分别为0.7和0.6 μg/kg, 相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.7%和2.1%;在黄松田水稻土、黄红壤性水稻土和青紫泥田水稻土3种不同性质的土壤中,砜嘧磺隆和氯磺隆同时测定的平均回收率分别为99.0%±1.0%和98.7%±4.1%、97.6%±1.7%和97.0%±4.7%、96.7 %±2.3%和95.4%±5.5%;所建立的PCF法可有效、快速测定土壤中同时残留的微量砜嘧磺隆和氯磺隆。 相似文献
9.
Christos A. Damalas Thomas K. Gitsopoulos Spyridon D. Koutroubas Christos Alexoudis Ioannis Georgoulas 《国际虫害防治杂志》2018,64(1):11-18
Field and pot trials were conducted in two sites of northern Greece (Thermi and Lepti) to study selectivity and weed control in maize (Zea mays L.) with herbicide mixtures based on tembotrione. Treatments included tembotrione (plus isoxadifen-ethyl safener) applied alone at 100 g ai/ha and three mixtures of tembotrione with: (i) rimsulfuron at 10 g ai/ha, (ii) nicosulfuron at 40 g ai/ha and (iii) foramsulfuron at 60 g ai/ha (label rates for weed control in maize). Herbicides were applied at the 7- to 8-leaf growth stage of maize in Thermi and at the 6- to 7-leaf growth stage in Lepti. Six weeks after treatment, control of rhizomatous Sorghum halepense with tembotrione alone was 63% in Thermi and 60% in Lepti, with plants showing the typical bleaching symptoms of the HPPD-inhibiting herbicides. Control of rhizomatous S. halepense with the mixtures was improved from 63% to 86% in Thermi and from 60% to 82% in Lepti compared with the single treatment of tembotrione, with plants showing only the symptoms of reddish/purplish color of the ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Control of common broadleaf weeds of maize, such as Xanthium strumarium, Amaranthus retroflexus, Datura stramonium, and Chenopodium album was excellent (92%–100%) either with tembotrione alone or with the mixtures, with plants showing the typical bleaching symptoms of the HPPD-inhibiting herbicides. None of the mixtures affected the ear length and grain yield of maize. All chemical treatments gave higher grain yield than that of the non-treated control and comparable yield to that of the weed-free control. Grass control (Echinochloa crus-galli, E. phyllopogon, and Setaria viridis) with tembotrione alone was above 90% in the pot experiments which was similar to that achieved with the mixtures. Overall, there was an adequate margin of safety in the use of tembotrione in mixture with ALS-inhibiting herbicides for improved weed control in maize, particularly where rhizomatous S. halepense is problematic. 相似文献
10.
An analytical procedure to detect N-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridinyl)-4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyridineamine, a degradation product deriving from the hydrolysis of rimsulfuron in soil, has been developed. The analytical standard was prepared by basic hydrolysis of rimsulfuron at pH 9 and purification on a silica gel chromatographic column. The compound obtained was stable at high temperature, thus enabling determination by gas chromatographic analysis. Soil samples were extracted with acetonitrile, purified with a SPE C18 cartridge and analysed using both nitrogen phosphorus (NPD) and mass spectrometer detectors. The analytical procedure described proved to be sensitive and reproducible. Recoveries varied from 84 to 90%. The limit of sensitivity was 0·001 mg kg-1. © 1997 SCI. 相似文献