切屑卷曲的力学分析及其应用     

王频  沈晓阳 《新疆农业大学学报》1994,(1)

在试验和理论分析的基础上，本文提出了复合卷曲的切屑比向上卷曲的切屑、当侧卷程度较大时比例向卷曲的切屑易于折断的观点，并且讨论了切屑产生复合卷曲及侧向卷曲的条件，这些对断屑槽的设计和使用有重要意义。  相似文献   

Influence of death struggle on the structural changes in chub mackerel muscle during chilled storage     

Masashi Ando  Masao Joka  Satoshi Mochizuki  Koh-Ichi Satoh  Yasuyuki Tsukamasa  Yasuo Makinodan 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(4):744-751

ABSTRACT: Chub mackerel (34–35 cm, approximately 500 g), which were caught by fishing with a rod and line at the Bungo Channel, Oita prefecture, were rested overnight in a fish preserve and either killed by decapitation (control group) or allowed to struggle in air for 30 min (struggled group). Muscle samples were excised every 4 h, and measurements on breaking strength and histological observations were done for both groups. The breaking strength of muscle in the control group was significantly higher than that in the struggled group, whereby a decrease in breaking strength was delayed for 12 h compared to the struggled group. Light microscopy showed space extension among muscle cells in association with a decrease in breaking strength. Especially in the struggled group, the extended area was larger and the difference in area was significant at the time when breaking strength showed a significant difference. Using electron microscopy, the extended area showed cut and/or disappeared collagen fibrils. From these results, it was demonstrated that struggling to death promoted the degradation of collagen fibrils and the weakening of connective tissue and, resultantly, led to the faster softening of muscle of chub mackerel.  相似文献   

暗期间断对光敏感雌性不育苎麻活性氧代谢的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘恒蔚  周瑞阳 《华中农业大学学报》2006,25(1):13-16

在短日照(10 h/d)处理的光敏感雌性不育苎麻的暗期进行红光和远红光间断暗期的处理,并对叶片和雌性花器官的活性氧相关酶的活性和膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛(MDA)含量测定。结果表明,红光处理诱导雌性败育,远红光处理则雌性可育。败育株叶片的过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均高于可育株,但败育节位的MDA含量较低;败育株各节花蕾中POD活性较高,正在发育雌蕾的SOD和CAT活性亦高于可育株,但在败育节位下降到可育株水平,MDA含量则升高并超过可育株。暗示光敏色素调节了雌花活性氧代谢的失衡,而且与诱导雌性败育相关。  相似文献   

Seasonal Changes in Rigor Development and Flesh Texture of Wild Japanese Sea Bass (Lateolabrax japonicus)     

Teruo Nakayama  Keiko Hatae  Midori Kasai  Atsushi Ooi 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(5):578-592

The season for finding the firmest sashimi made from wild Japanese sea bass was investigated. Flesh rigor tension and contraction were measured by a “new” device with isometric (muscle length kept constant) and isotonic (balance beam moves freely) transducers. Both flesh rigor tension and contraction peaks appeared at the same postmortem times, with attainment of ultimate pH and adenosine triphosphate/inosine monophosphate ratio in four seasons. Seasonal seawater temperature correlated negatively to seasonal maximum rigor contraction and positively to seasonal flesh breaking strength at 72 h postmortem. After rigor peak tension attainment, the tension relaxation was much lower than that of other wild fish species, especially in summer. The sea bass muscle resisted structure disruption in rigor isometric tension generation. Wild sea bass sashimi was firmest in breaking strength in summer.  相似文献   

秸秆饲料青切揉碎机的设计     

付敏良  夏吉庆 《农机化研究》2009,31(3)

根据我国畜牧业发展和秸秆饲料利用现状,研究设计了一种大型、高效秸秆饲料加工机械.该机采用直抛滚筒式切碎装置,增设了对作物秸秆和散干牧草的揉搓作用的击碎和揉碎部件,物料加工质量大大提高.喂入装置采用先进的摆臂浮动辊式喂入机构,性能可靠;同时,增加了牵引机构,可实现流动作业.动力可选配18.4kW柴油机或18.5kW电动机.  相似文献   

Analysis of mesh breaking loads in cotton gill nets: Possible solution to ghost fishing     

Yoshiki Matsushita  Shusuke Machida  Haruyuki Kanehiro  Fumio Nakamura  Naoto Honda 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(2):230-235

ABSTRACT:   A small number of fishers in Chiba Prefecture of eastern Japan use cotton gill nets to catch Japanese spiny lobster Panulirus japonicus. To examine the advantages of cotton gill nets, we analyzed changes in mesh breaking load of a new cotton gill net used in a fishing operation. A new cotton gill net was also soaked in a seawater tank to simulate ghost fishing conditions. The average mesh breaking load of new cotton mesh was 50.3 N. This value decreased to 19.0 N after 38 days (∼912 h), and after 82 days (∼1968 h) the mesh could be easily torn (breaking load 0.07 N). Under fishing conditions, the cumulative soak time was only 744.4 h over 19 months. The average breaking load at the end of this period was 43.1 N, a strength 86% that of the presoaked mesh. The mesh breaking load of a cotton gill net continuously soaked for 744.4 h was 26.1 N, as estimated from tank experiment data. Thus, a cotton gill net maintains reasonable strength under typical use conditions, but will degrade if lost at sea.  相似文献   

基于滑移网格技术的揉碎机内流场研究     

麻乾  刘飞  赵满全 《农机化研究》2016,(12):1-6,11

为研究揉碎机揉碎腔内的流场结构和流动状态,运用计算流体力学方法,基于滑移网格技术,对揉碎机空载时腔内的湍流非定常流场进行了三维瞬态数值模拟,得到了转速为2 800r/min时,揉碎机转子转动1周时间内,揉碎室和抛送室的流场空气动力学特性参数随时间变化规律,准确地反映了瞬态流场结构信息。结果表明:低压区在抛送室中半径为0~20mm附近,最高压力区在抛送叶片与内壁间隙,容易形成回流造成物料排出不易;启动阶段最大速度发生在出料口内侧尖角区域;轴向压力速度分布过于均匀,进而影响整机效率。此研究为揉碎机内部流场结构优化提供了新方法,提出了改进该机型的方向,为优化该机效率奠定了理论基础。  相似文献   

夏玉米残茬覆盖与耕作方式的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张夏雷  郭社峰  付国占  刘素云  焦念元 《河南科技大学学报(农学版)》2004,24(4):6-9

对小麦机械收获后残茬覆盖与不覆盖两种条件下免耕、翻耕和间隔深松三种土壤耕作方式夏玉米的营养生长及籽粒产量进行了研究。结果表明,残茬覆盖和深松耕作玉米播种后出苗率高,次生根条数多,株高增加而基部节间缩短,叶面积系数提高,最终产量显著高于其他处理。  相似文献   

国内外核桃破壳技术与装备研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘甲振  耿爱军  栗晓宇  侯加林  张智龙  张姬 《中国果树》2019,(1):16-20,26

破壳作为核桃产品深加工的重要环节,对整仁率的提高、核桃产业的収展和经济价值的提升具有重要作用。我国核桃产量的不断增加、核桃加工规模的逐步增大,对我国核桃破壳装备提出了新要求。为此,概述了国内外核桃破壳特性的研究迚展,归纳了核桃破壳技术与装备的研究成果,分析了相关技术装备的优缺点,旨在为我国核桃破壳装备的性能优化提供参考和依据。  相似文献   

两段式花生摘果特性试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周德欢  胡志超  曹明珠  王冰  王申莹  于昭洋 《农机化研究》2017,(6):183-187

为探明两段式收获条件下花生摘果特性,提高花生联合收获机的收获质量,以江苏宿迁地区天府9号为试验对象,应用室内与田间试验相结合的研究方法,研究收获期影响摘果特性的主要因素,揭示花生荚果含水率、晾晒时间、果柄力学特性和摘果作业质量的内在关系。结果表明:基于不同的试验条件与方法,果柄拉断力有所差异,但随晾晒时间(含水率)变化趋势一致,在晾晒2~3天时,果柄拉断力达到峰值,且秧柄节点拉断力大于果柄节点;确定最佳摘果时间为晾晒5~6天,并经捡拾联合收获机摘果试验验证。研究结果为摘果装置的结构参数和运动参数提供了直接依据,并为两段式收获模式下最佳捡拾摘果时间提供了参考,同时为深入研究摘果效率与摘果损失提供了参考。  相似文献