Beaver dams,streamflow complexity,and the distribution of a rare minnow,Lepidomeda copei          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel C. Dauwalter  John D. Walrath 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(2):606-616

Freshwater fishes are threatened globally, and often too little is known about threatened species to effectively guide their conservation. Habitat complexity is linked to fish species diversity and persistence, and degraded streams often lack habitat complexity. Beaver Castor spp., in turn, have been used to restore streams and increase habitat complexity. The northern leatherside chub Lepidomeda copei is a rare, small‐bodied, drift‐feeding minnow that has anecdotally been observed to use complex habitats associated with beaver dams in the western United States. To investigate this anecdote, we conducted fish and habitat surveys, the latter focusing on quantifying habitat complexity, in a sub‐basin of the Upper Snake River Basin in the USA. Complementary generalised linear model and path analyses revealed that northern leatherside chub occurred more often at sites with complex streamflows, and streamflows were more complex when beaver dams were present and pools were deeper. Northern leatherside chubs were also more likely to occur when temperatures were warmer, aquatic macrophytes were abundant and stream channels were narrow and deep. The linkage between chubs, complex streamflows and beaver dams needs to be evaluated more broadly to completely understand its role in the rangewide status of the species. However, it does suggests that increased use of beaver reintroductions and dam analogues for stream restoration could be a boon for the northern leatherside chub, but such efforts should be monitored to determine their effectiveness to help adapt beaver‐based restoration approaches to best benefit the species.  相似文献   

一种适合稻区紫云英生产实际的紫云英加工调制方式   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

闫景彩  屠敏仪  王继成 《草业科学》2001,18(1):78-80,F003

将紫云英鲜草分离为草汁、细渣、纤维状渣；以粉状能量精料为载体吸收汁液；3种制品都以晾晒的方式进行干燥。晾晒时，3种制品综合占场面积较原草减少近90％；3种制品均可在一个晴日内风干，比原草干燥速度提高一倍余；细渣品质与国标一级苜蓿草粉相当；“二次拌汁料”、“三次拌汁料”之粗蛋白、粗纤维含量符合生长肥育猪饲养标准；加工方式切合稻区紫云英生产实际及产区综合条件，有推广价值，且易推广。  相似文献   

苹果渣发酵料栽培糙皮侧耳优良菌株的选育   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

卜庆梅  王淑芳  王书卿  黄清荣 《中国食用菌》2002,21(4):10-12

新选育的糙皮侧耳菌株PL -A2 属于早熟型品种。该菌株菌丝在 5～ 37℃温度范围内均能生长 ,菌丝生长适温为 18～ 30℃ ,最适温度为 2 5～ 2 8℃。在苹果渣发酵料培养基上 ,菌丝粗壮、整齐、洁白 ,爬壁能力强 ,满袋天数为 2 2d± 1d。经推广栽培证明 ,PL -A2 是高产优质菌株  相似文献   

固态发酵醋糟饲料对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响     

杨立杰  薛新升  宋青龙  魏立杰  黄金秀  曾祥芳  谯仕彦 《动物营养学报》2020,(4):1576-1585

本试验旨在研究固态发酵醋糟饲料(SFVD)对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量的影响。选择体况相近[(59.04±0.33)kg]的健康“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长育肥猪60头,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮+150 mg/kg土霉素钙,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+5%的SFVD。预试期6 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪平均日采食量(ADFI)具有一定的促进趋势(P=0.056);显著降低了育肥猪饲粮中干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、有机物(OM)和总能(GE)的表观消化率(P<0.05),对粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率有一定的促进趋势(P=0.052);显著提高了育肥猪血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.055和P=0.077);显著提高了育肥猪粪便中丙酸含量(P<0.05),粪便中甲酸和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.071和P=0.054)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪生长性能、肠道健康及免疫性能的提高具有潜在的促进作用。  相似文献   

饲料中添加不同水平的发酵豆渣对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及经济效益指标的影响     

王雅菲  李强 《中国饲料》2021,(5):127-130

为研究饲料中添加不同水平的发酵豆渣对育肥猪生长性能、屠宰性能及经济效益指标的影响,采用单因素随机设计试验,选择体重相近的健康育肥猪80头随机分成4组,每组20个重复,每个重复1头,1组饲喂基础日粮为对照组,试验2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加5%、10%、15%发酵豆渣,预试验7 d,试验期56 d。结果表明:(1)试验3、4组的平均日增重较1组比分别提高15.5%、14.1%(P<0.05),料重比较1组比分别降低14.7%、11.9%(P<0.05),试验2、3、4组的平均采食量均高于1组(P>0.05);(2)试验2、3、4组的宰前活重、屠宰率高于1组(P>0.05),试验3、4组的瘦肉率、眼肌面积较1组比分别提高12.1%、8.9%、12.3%、8.2%(P<0.05),背膘厚较1组比分别降低8.5%、7.0%(P<0.05);(3)试验3、4组毛利润较1组比分别提高22.4%、18.0%。综上,添加10%发酵豆渣可以提高育肥猪的生长性能、屠宰性能及经济效益。  相似文献   

猪瘟野毒感染抗体阻断ELISA检测方法的建立与初步评价     

周景云  刘百红  刘雪微  杨欣艳  李宝春  陈西钊 《畜牧与兽医》2021,(2):82-87

以猪瘟野毒E2蛋白为包被抗原、辣根过氧化物酶标记的猪瘟野毒单抗作为酶标抗体,建立检测猪瘟野毒抗体的阻断ELISA方法。猪瘟野毒E2最适包被浓度为0.03μg/mL,待检血清最适稀释度为1∶4,酶标猪瘟野毒单抗稀释度为1∶1 000。用建立的阻断ELISA方法检测369份临床阴性血清,计算阻断率,确定临界值,阻断率>40%为猪瘟野毒抗体阳性,阻断率≤40%为猪瘟野毒抗体阴性。用建立的ELISA方法检测84份血清,其中78份为免疫猪瘟疫苗的血清,6份为猪瘟病毒感染血清。结果显示,78份免疫血清均检测为猪瘟野毒抗体阴性,6份猪瘟感染血清均检测为猪瘟野毒抗体阳性。因此可初步判定该方法可用于鉴别诊断猪瘟病毒自然感染动物和C株疫苗免疫动物的血清抗体,并为临床检测猪瘟野毒抗体提供便捷、快速,精准的检测工具,对猪瘟的临床诊断、预防以及猪瘟净化工作具有非常重要的参考意义。  相似文献   

砌石拱坝加高倍厚的三维接触仿真     

张社荣  蔡胜利  陈敏岩  黄昌清 《中国农村水利水电》2005,(4):86-89

对砌石拱坝的加高倍厚中新、老坝体结构面，用有限元软件ANSYS结合接触理论进行计算，并分析结果得出：温升、水压力和淤沙压力使结合面上的接触压力增大，从而接触摩擦应力较大，有利于结合面的结合，而结合面在温降的作用下有脱离的趋势。  相似文献   

Physical simulation of fluid field and structure optimization in two-strand tundish     

LI Guangqiang  FU Yong  CHEN Xianhong  ZHANG Zhan  RAO Jiangping  YANG Zhizheng 《保鲜与加工》2015,(2):64-71

The influence of the structure and location of dam and weir on fluid flow state in a two-strand tundish is studied, and a set of optimal structure, combining with the average residence time calculated from RTD curve, is obtained. The result indicates that the fluid flow state can be changed and the path of the fluid flow can be prolonged as well as the average residence time is improved after using dam and weir. But there are some dead zones after fluid passed through the dam and weir. Combination scheme of No. one dam and weir is better than the others. Its average residence time is 299 s and the volume fraction of dead zone is 31.0%. After the optimization of flowing control parameters in tundish, the best case is that the distance between dam and weir is 290 mm and the distance between weir and the long nozzle is 383 mm. The longest average residence time is 351 s and the minimum volume fraction of dead zone is 19.0% under the above situation. Compared with that of no dam and weir, the average residence time increases by 65 s and the dead zone volume fraction decreases by 15.0%. Based on Newton formula, the calculated results show that the inclusions with diameter larger than 17.5 μm can float up within 351 s under this optimization situation.  相似文献   

三位液压换向滑阀对中性对其内泄漏量的影响     

刘冀民  孙松林  刘启定  黄书仪  李志红  辛继红 《农业机械学报》2001,32(5):72-74

在试验基础上，提出了三位换向滑阀对中误差概念，得出了对中误差与内泄漏量的关系，并与理论计算进行了比较，据此提出了按配合间隙划分对中误差的要求及元件生产中的改进意见，以提高液压元件成批生产合格率和拓宽元件维修思路。  相似文献   

论碾压混凝土坝上游面喷丙乳砂浆的防渗作用     

林诚魁 《中国农村水利水电》1995,(10)

碾压混凝土具有施工速度快，水泥用量少，投资省等明显的优点。国内的理论研究和工程实践都取得了突飞猛进的进展，在防渗问题方面也进行了卓有成效的探索，如福建省几座已建成的碾压混凝土坝均采用不同的防渗类型。文章结合福建省重点工程连江山仔水利枢纽工程碾压混凝土坝的施工情况，介绍了能够充分发挥碾压混凝土坝快速施工特点的悬臂钢模、改性混凝土的施工方法，论述了喷丙乳砂浆作为碾压混凝土坝上游主防渗体与这一施工特点相统一所具有的优越性。  相似文献