Threats to at-risk salmonids of the Canadian Rocky Mountain region     

R. Niloshini Sinnatamby  Ariane Cantin  John R. Post 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2020,29(3):477-494

Trout and charr, members of the salmonid family, have high conservation value but are also susceptible to anthropogenic threats in part due to the specificity of their habitat requirements. Understanding historical and future threats facing these species is necessary to promote their recovery. Of freshwater trout and charr in the Canadian Rocky Mountain region, westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi), bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus; a charr species) and Athabasca rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are of conservation concern. And indeed, range contractions and declining populations are evident throughout much of their ranges. Range contraction was most evident in the southern Alberta designatable unit (DU) of westslope cutthroat trout. Diminished populations were also evident in the downstream watersheds of the Alberta bull trout range, and throughout the Athabasca rainbow trout range. We assessed historical and future threats to evaluate the relative importance of individual threats to each DU and compare their impact among species. Individual threats fall into the broad categories of angling, non-native species and genes, habitat loss and alteration, and climate change. Severity of each threat varies by DU and reflects the interaction between species’ biology and the location of the DU. Severity of threats facing each DU has changed over time, reflecting extirpation of native populations, changes in management and industry best practices, expansion of non-native species and progressing climate change. The overall threat impact for each DU indicates a high probability of substantial and continuing declines and calls for immediate action.  相似文献   

圈养华南虎血液生化指标正常参考值初步研究     

任小冬  黄勉  李石洲  雷胜桥  虞坚颐  刘力军 《林业与环境科学》2021,(1)

以国内部分圈养的健康华南虎Panthera tigris amoyensis作为研究对象,通过收集华南虎血液生化报告和采集华南虎血液样本检测建立样本数据,血样检测采用自动血液生化分析仪干式试剂片生化技术测定,测定血液生化指标包括血糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、总胆固醇(CHOL)、总胆红素(TBIL)、肌酐(CREA)等。得到华南虎血液生化共38项指标的正常参考值范围(95%概率),其中几项主要指标正常值范围如下:GLU(2.82-11.55)mmol/L、TP(56.58-85.93)g/L、CHOL(3.32-8.66)μmol/L、TBIL(0-5.30)μmol/L、CREA(52-349)μmol/L等。统计结果显示,雌雄华南虎间血液生化指标的部分项目有差异(P <0.05),幼龄组和成年组间各项生化指标差异不显著(P >0.05),与其他虎亚种相关血液生化报道的生化指标部分有差别。华南虎血液生化指标正常参考值范围不同于其他虎亚种,建立华南虎血液生化指标正常值对华南虎的饲养管理、疾病诊治预防和保育繁殖研究工作有重要作用。  相似文献   

Cohort‐specific variation in juvenile coho salmon habitat use          下载免费PDF全文

Catherine Bradley  Suresh Andrew Sethi  Joshua Ashline  Jonathon Gerken 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2017,26(4):695-706

In this study, we examined summer and fall freshwater rearing habitat use by juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the quickly urbanising Big Lake drainage in south‐central Alaska. Habitat use was assessed by regressing fish count data against habitat survey information across thirty study sites using generalised linear mixed models. Habitat associations were examined by age‐0 and age‐1+ cohorts separately, providing an opportunity to compare habitat use across different juvenile coho salmon life stages during freshwater rearing. Regression results indicated that the age‐0 cohorts were strongly associated with shallow, wide stream reaches with in‐stream vegetation, whereas age‐1+ cohorts were associated with deeper stream reaches. Furthermore, associations between fork length and habitat characteristics suggest cohort‐specific habitat use patterns are distinct from those attributable to fish size. Habitat use information generated from this study is being used to guide optimal fish passage restoration planning in the Big Lake drainage. Evidence for habitat use partitioning by age cohort during freshwater juvenile rearing indicates that pooling age cohorts into a single “juvenile” stage for the purposes of watershed management may mask important habitat use dynamics.  相似文献   

台江采育场竹木混交林丰产措施试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈江火  林敬德 《福建林业科技》1996,23(3):35-37

对台江林业采育场现有竹木混交林进行施肥和土壤垦复两种试验，结果表明，不同施肥处理虽有一定增产效果，但经方差分析未达到显著水平；不同土壤垦复措施的增产效果，以深翻加施肥的新竹产量最高，锄草松土居第二，单纯深翻并不理想，效果不如劈山抚育。因而，新兴竹木混交林应以调整竹林结构和护笋养竹为主，每年锄草松土即可达到材用丰产林标准，不宜盲目深翻、施肥。  相似文献   

草地早熟禾与狗牙根种群动态及种间关系的影响     

杨志清 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2002,17(2):114-116

 以狗牙根和草地早熟禾为材料,用二因素二次正交旋转设计,对9个不同播种比例混播草坪的种群性状进行研究,建立了草坪地上生物量、地下生物量及一致性与狗牙根和草地早熟禾播种量之间显著相关的回归模型。确定了影响草坪性状的主要因子,优化了混播草坪的最佳播种量。  相似文献   

宿主域扩大的苜蓿尺蠖核多角体杂交型病毒   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

易咏竹  张志芳  肖庆利  何家禄 《蚕业科学》2001,27(1):75-76

将家蚕核型多角体病毒 (BombyxmoriNuclearPolyhedrosisVirus,BmNPV)的解链酶基因DNA和苜蓿尺蠖核型多角体病毒 (AutographacalifonicaMultipleNuclearPolyhedrosisVirus,AcMNPV)的基因组DNA共转染到秋粘虫细胞系Sf 2 1,经过累代的筛选获得既能感染家蚕细胞 ,又能感染秋粘虫细胞的宿主域扩大的杂交型病毒HyNPV。  相似文献   

混合态的不确定关系与压缩效应     

邓文基  刘平  徐晓 《农业工程》2005,(2):42-46

在关于混合态的海森堡不确定关系的基础上，研究了纯态和混合态的最小不确定性和压缩效应.虽然最小不确定态必定是纯态，但在某些并非最小不确定态的纯态或混合态中，依然可 以实现力学量不确定度的压缩.还给出了普通统计学的不确定关系，它们不涉及量子相干性却与量子力学的海森堡不确定关系具有相似的数学结构.  相似文献   

混合变元中立型微分方程的解的振动准则：献给李森林教授八十寿辰     

王志成  钱祥征 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1990,17(4)

本文得到了两类混合变元中立型微分方程的解的某些新的振动准则,大大改进了〔[5,7-9〕的结果.并推出了变系数的混合中立型方程.  相似文献   

新疆哈密瓜疫病掘氏疫霉及寄主范围的初步研究     

贾菊生  梅桂兰 《新疆农业大学学报》1991,(3)

据1981～1983年9个哈密瓜生产基地根颈部病害的病原成份调查表明,哈密瓜疫病的优势种为掘氏疫霉菌(Phytophthora drechsleri Tucker.)。为澄清在新疆掘氏疫霉的寄主范围,1989～1990年用1981年采自鄯善县哈密瓜上分离的单孢(Phy-6)菌株,在温室平均温度25～28℃条件下对5科25种自然根颈感病的栽培作物作接种试验。结果表明,本菌是葫芦科大多数作物的重要致病菌,并可侵染棉花和红花;在有伤口条件下可以侵染南瓜、西葫芦和茄株;对苦瓜、丝瓜,豆科作物的豇豆、四季豆、菊科的向日葵、茄科的蕃茄、辣椒、烟草、马铃薯、蔷薇科草莓(植株)等均不能致病。  相似文献   

国产MJ3210小型木工跑车带锯机锯解正交试验分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王正  蒋华松  卫佩行  何杰  王晓东 《林业机械与木工设备》2009,37(12):17-20

采用正交试验设计法，对国产MJ3210小型木工跑车带锯机的锯解质量进行研究。通过实测马尾松锯材尺寸偏差、表面粗糙度等参数，得到其最佳的进料速度、锯解厚度和锯卡高度的组合方案。结果表明，该设备具有结构简单、出材率高、锯解精度高、质量好、成本低和生产效率高等优点。  相似文献