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The bioaccumulation of phthalate acid esters (PAEs) from industrial products and their mutagenic action has been suggested to be a potential threat to human health. The effects of the most frequently identified PAE, Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and its biodegradation, were examined by comparison of two small scale plots (SSP) of integrated vertical-flow constructed wetlands. The influent DBP concentration was 9.84 mg l−1 in the treatment plot and the control plot received no DBP. Soil enzymatic activities of dehydrogenase, catalase, protease, phosphatase, urease, cellulase, β-glucosidase, were measured in the two SSP after DBP application for 1 month and 2 months, and 1 month after the final application. Both treatment and control had significantly higher enzyme activity in the surface soil than in the subsurface soil (P<0.001) and greater enzyme activity in the down-flow chamber than in the up-flow chamber (P<0.05). In the constructed wetlands, DBP enhanced the activities of dehydrogenase, catalase, protease, phosphatase and inhibited the activities of urease, cellulase and β-glucosidase. However, urease, cellulase, β-glucosidase activities were restored 1 month following the final DBP addition. Degradation of DBP was greater in the surface soil and was reduced in sterile soil, indicating that this process may be mediated by aerobic microorgansims. DBP degradation fitted a first-order model, and the kinetic equation showed that the rate constant was 0.50 and 0.17 d−1, the half-life was 1.39 and 4.02 d, and the r2 was 0.99 and 0.98, in surface and subsurface soil, respectively. These results indicate that constructed wetlands are able to biodegrade organic PAEs such as DBP. 相似文献
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Two kinds of Fe3+/TiO2 catalysts are prepared by Sol-gel method and hydrolysis method. XRD, UV-Vis, BET, curves of N 2 adsorption-desorption and 3D fluorescence are used to analyze the structures and properties of the catalysts, and their photocatalytic activities are investigated through degradation of DBP. The results show that two kinds of catalysts are anatase TiO 2. The band gap of the Fe3+/TiO 2 catalysts prepared by Sol-gel and hydrolysis method are 2.6 eV and 3.2 eV respectively, and the former with an absorption edge at 477 nm, while the latter with no redshift. The curves of N 2 adsorption-desorption of the Fe3+/TiO 2 catalysts prepared by Sol-gel and hydrolysis method are type Ⅳ and Ⅴ, their BET specific surface areas are 57.03 m2/g and 10.94 m2/g, and the hysteresis loop of the latter shifts to the high relative pressure region with a smaller pore volume and a bigger average pore diameter. Two kinds of catalysts can reduce photoluminescence properties of TiO 2 at various degrees, and the catalyst prepared by Sol-gel method shows a weaker photoluminescence property. The results of degradation experiment show the degradation rate of DBP by catalyst prepared by Sol-gel method and hydrolysis method are 60.53% and 31.83% respectively after 2 h. 相似文献
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生物炭对土壤中DBP和DEHP微生物降解的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探明添加生物炭对土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯微生物降解的影响,选择DBP和DEHP作为目标污染物,通过室内模拟试验对添加生物炭土壤中DBP和DEHP的微生物降解规律进行了研究。结果表明,土壤中DBP和DEHP微生物降解过程符合一级动力学方程,半衰期分别为3.054、34.657 d,其降解速率的差异可能与邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的理化性质有关;随着生物炭添加量的增加,DBP的微生物降解速率呈降低趋势,而DEHP降解速率变化很小;与未添加生物炭的土壤相比,添加1.0%生物炭的土壤中DBP和DEHP的半衰期分别延长6.709、6.116 d,表明添加生物炭不利于土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的微生物降解,可能与生物炭提高土壤对邻苯二甲酸酯的吸附能力导致其生物有效性降低有关。 相似文献
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邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯对大黄鱼受精卵及仔鱼的急性毒性效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate,DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(dinoctyl phthalate,DOP)是一类重要的工业用有机化合物,在水环境中广泛分布,对水生生物具有一定的毒性效应。为了研究DBP和DOP对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)受精卵及初孵仔鱼的急性毒性效应,开展大黄鱼幼鱼在DBP和DOP中的暴露实验。结果显示,随着DBP和DOP浓度的升高,大黄鱼受精卵孵化率呈现逐步降低的趋势,死亡率、畸形率则呈现逐步升高的趋势。DBP和DOP暴露对大黄鱼初孵仔鱼均产生一定的致死效应,DBP和DOP对大黄鱼仔鱼的96 h半致死浓度分别为5.23 mg·L^-1 和6.57 mg·L^-1 。结果表明,DBP和DOP对大黄鱼鱼卵及初孵仔鱼均具有高毒毒性。DBP和DOP对水生生物的慢性毒性需要进一步关注。 相似文献
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土壤中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）在土壤中的污染现状,总结了土壤微生物、氧化还原条件、pH、温度和土壤有机质等因素对DBP降解的影响和DBP污染土壤生物修复研究的进展等,指出今后应在DBP高效降解微生物的筛选和土壤DBP的微生物、植物、化学联合修复方面开展深入研究。 相似文献
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凹土对辣椒自毒作用修复的生理生化机制研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用盆栽试验,在土壤中添加邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)模拟自毒物质,以凹土为修复剂,通过测定辣椒的生长指标和生理生化指标,研究凹土对DBP的修复效果。结果表明:DBP对辣椒生长和生理代谢有显著自毒作用,添加适量凹土能够修复DBP对辣椒造成的自毒作用;当凹土添加量为20 g/kg时,凹土对DBP的修复效果最好,表现为辣椒根系的丙二醛(MDA)含量最低,过氧化物酶(POD)活性和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性最强,根系的总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积和比表面最大,根系活力最强,根系呼吸速率最大,叶绿素含量最高,植株生长和干物质积累最多;当添加量为80 g/kg时,膜脂过氧化加剧,根系吸收能力下降,植株生长和干物质积累减少,凹土对DBP的修复作用消减或消失;凹土添加量应控制在20~40 g/kg。 相似文献
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Tong Hui-li Gao Xue-jun Sheng Zun-lai Li Qing-zhang Li Shu-feng Li Nan Liu Jie Yan Yun-qin 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2013,20(4):28-33
A galactopoietic compound, identified as dibutyl phthalate（DBP）, was isolated from Vaccaria segetalis. The activity of DBP on lactation ability of dairy cow mammary gland epithelial cells（DCMECs） cultured in vitro and dairy cow was evaluated. Results showed that DBP could promote cell viability, proliferation ability, lactose and β-casein secretion of DCMECs, which could also raise the milk yields of dairy cows significantly. 相似文献
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邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)是一种重要邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)类化合物,具有"三致"危害,因此被多个国家列为优先控制环境污染物。通过研究DBP在黑土中吸附动力学和吸附热力学特性,发现黑土对于DBP吸附量较大,符合准二级动力学,吸附为化学吸附,分子内扩散为吸附过程重要控制步骤。其吸附平衡时间为24 h,分析温度、pH、离子强度影响等条件发现,降低温度促进DBP吸附,pH为7时吸附量最大,离子强度上升增加DBP吸附量,达到一定程度后对DBP吸附产生抑制。 相似文献