中日森林文化比较研究及启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

侯盟  罗华莉 《现代农业科学》2009,(1):83-84

日本是一个森林大国，拥有着丰富的森林资源和森林文化，其教训和经验对中国乃至全世界的后工业化国家都有着很大的启发和借鉴意义。对日本的森林状况进行回顾和评价，从其森林思想中汲取精华，不断挖掘森林文化所蕴藏的丰富含义，恢复和弘扬森林文化，这对中国正在开展的生态文明建设以及解决环境问题都能提供思考和帮助。  相似文献   

借鉴大阪葡萄栽培经验 促进南京葡萄优质高产     

谢序福 《金陵科技学院学报》1995,(4)

介绍了日本大阪栽培葡萄采用棚架上盖薄膜、疏果、掐穗尖、叶面喷肥、喷赤霉素等方法取得了稳产优质的效果和通过农协切磋技艺及推销产品的经验。分析了南京葡萄栽培和采收中的问题。提出了控制产量、保证优质、修剪果穗,推迟采收、叶面喷肥、秋施基肥、推行棚架、加强冬管等一系列改进措施。  相似文献   

日本精准农业研究与开发现状   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

邓在京 《农机化研究》2004,(5):4-6

精准农业以减轻环境负荷、增加产量为目标。正在给农业领域带来一场新的革命。日本在这一领域的研究有其特殊性，自1998年农林水产省启动开发项目“日本式精准农业”以来，一些大学与企业合作进行了不少基础性研究。为此。介绍了日本精准农业理念及研究情况．对我国发展精准农业具有借鉴意义。  相似文献   

日本农产品流通中农机设备的使用现状及启示   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周玉新 《农机化研究》2005,(6):19-20

在农产品的流通过程中,采用一般的机械化作业比较困难,而传统的人工作业既费时又费力。日本在农业劳动力高龄化、劳动力缺乏以及劳动力价格较高的情况下,大力开发和利用了许多用于农产品流通环节的农机设备。为此,着重介绍了几种日本典型的农机设备,以便了解日本农机发展的现状和趋势,为我国农业机械的开发和利用提供参考。  相似文献   

A reservoir operational rule for irrigation in Japan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yutaro Senga 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1991,5(2):129-140

Operation of a reservoir for irrigation is more complicated and difficult than that for domestic water supply in Japan, owing to the fact that a requirement for irrigation takes various value depending upon effective rainfall on farmland, soil condition, and so on. Therefore, the reservoirs should be operated to correspond with demand, inflow, and unknown droughts occurring in the future. However, the reservoirs have been operated under operators' experiences without formal operational rules, because any effective theories or methods have been neither developed nor used in Japan at present.On operation of the reservoirs, there are two targets — promotion of effective release and restriction of release in preparation for droughts — conflicting with each other. It is useful to set up the operation with Required Storage for Drought Curve (RSDC) Method to achieve reasonable operation harmonizing those two targets. RSDC is composed with Target Line (TL) and Restrictive Release Lines (RRLs). TL is a target storage level to guarantee that storage will never empty until the end of the irrigation period under a certain probability. If actual storage remains above TL, effective release will be promoted. RRLs are storage levels pointing out the basis of restricting release. If actual storage falls below TL, release will be restrained in accordance with RRLs in order to get over uncertain droughts occurring in the future.In this paper, the theory of RSDC is described and the effectiveness of Rule Curve (RC) based on RSDC Method is illustrated by simulation on a single reservoir for irrigation.  相似文献   

Case study on an integrated operation planning of multiple reservoirs for irrigation in Japan     

Hirofumi Kakudo  Yutaro Senga 《Irrigation and Drainage Systems》1991,5(2):115-128

In spite of several attempts at integrated operation planning, multiple reservoirs in Japan have been operated by trial and error without any formal rules. Subjects of integrated operation are not only showing optimal usage of daily storage levels as an operational policy but also providing a countermeasure for droughts.Objectives of this study are to make a formal operation rule of multiple reservoirs for irrigation using the theory of Required Storage for Drought Curve (RSDC) Method and to propose operational policy for multiple reservoirs as large water supply systems. The Iwaki river basin, on which there are four reservoirs for irrigation parallel with each other, is considered to be a model river basin with a large water system for this case study.From results of simulations using historical data, comparing an individual operation rule with an integrated operation rule on several indices, effectiveness of the latter rule is recognized. Under integrated operation, water losses are minimized and excessive water conservation can be avoided over the whole area to benefit while target river discharge is maintained at key control points because water usage from all reservoirs is well balanced in relation to water availability.  相似文献   

日本环境保全型耕地农业系统对中国耕地保护的启示     

苏畅  杨子生 《中国农学通报》2020,36(31):86-91

为解决中国农业长期粗放经营问题,研究中国耕地与生态文明协同保护体系,采用文献研究法和归纳演绎法,分析东亚地区代表国家环境保全型农业下的耕地农业协同体系。研究表明,日本的耕地农业环境保护支付制度、生态补偿市场认证体系、耕地农业法律制度保障,是建立在生态补偿原则上,经过实践检验行之有效的,能够提升市场参与度及农民自主性投入的耕地生态协同保护措施。中国在推广耕地合理利用实践方面做出了不懈努力,但是在建立耕地生态协同保护的休耕制度、因地制宜建立生态补偿体系、加快推进耕地生态协同保护专项基金的设立等方面还需进一步坚持和完善。  相似文献   

日本野漆树嫁接繁育技术初探   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

雷小林  李猛  文娟  徐林初 《经济林研究》2006,24(3):53-55

对日本野漆树进行了3年的嫁接试验,探索出日本野漆树引种在我国最佳的嫁接时间和方法,试验结果显示:夏季采用切腹嫁接法,成活率达46%,秋季采用切腹嫁接,成活率达87%,高于日本文献介绍的同期成活率值(30%~40%),可见在我国南方秋季采用切腹嫁接可大大提高日本野漆树嫁接成活率。  相似文献   

Distribution and migration of Japanese common squid, Todarodes pacificus, in the southwestern part of the East (Japan) Sea     

Kwangho Choi  Chung Il Lee  Kwangseok Hwang  Sang-Woo Kim  Jong-Hwa Park  Yeong Gong 《Fisheries Research》2008,91(2-3):281-290

Data on squid catches of Korean and Japan, water temperatures at depth of 100 m, and night-visible images of fishing boats collected in the East (Japan) Sea from 1970 to 1999 were analyzed to examine the distribution and migration of the Japanese common squid, Todarodes pacificus, in the southwestern part of the East (Japan) Sea. The main fishing grounds detected from squid catch in each grid (0.5° latitude × 0.5° longitude) by Korean squid fishery and night-visible images provided by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Operational Linescan System (OLS) were situated in the southwestern part of the East (Japan) Sea. The distribution and migration route was illustrated from squid catch in each grid and DMSP OLS image. In years of high catches, the fishing grounds were situated mainly between Ulleung Island and the eastern coastal waters of Korea, while in years of low catches they were situated between Ulleung Island and the Yamato Bank in the central East (Japan) Sea. The center of fishing activity began moving northward from around the Korea/Tsushima strait to the northern boundary of the Tsushima Warm Current in March, reaching into the Yamato Bank in September, and then returning to the strait by February. The northward and southward migration routes differed; the northward migration route occurred closer to the mainland coast of Korea than the southward migration route did. This work suggests T. pacificus begin their northward migration almost 2 months earlier than previously suggested.  相似文献   

日本旋耕机技术特点及操作使用要点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田明 《湖南农机》2009,36(3)

旋耕机作为一种耕整地机械,一次作业可完成耕耘、碎土、整地等多项作业,具有相当高的效率.而且其使用、操作、调整均很简单.因此从1975年开始,旋耕机作为农业机械化的支柱在日本被广泛使用,支撑着日本的农业生产.发展至今,旋耕机已趋于多功能化,不仅仅是耕耘,只要在旋耕机上安装不同的附属设施,就可以进行不同的作业,大大扩展了其作业范围.目前在水田、旱地等均广泛应用着旋耕机.  相似文献