镇江长江豚类省级自然保护区水域生态修复效果的监测与评价     

王召根  潘杰  李化良  罗宏伟 《中国农学通报》2021,37(32):139-147

自2006年以来,长江豚类极度濒危的生存状况得到广泛关注,在其自然保护区实施一系列生态修复工程,为镇江长江豚类省级自然保护区内的江豚提供良好的生存环境。于2015—2018年在和畅洲水域建设生态浮岛、人工鱼巢和放流底栖动物进行水域生态修复,对生态修复工程进行跟踪监测和效果评价。结果表明：生态浮岛的建设可提高区域内浮游植物和浮游动物的生物多样性和群落结构复杂程度;人工鱼巢对产黏性卵鱼类具有一定增殖效果,增殖种类主要为鲤、鲫、䱗和黄尾鲴;生态浮岛和人工鱼巢的建设对鱼类均有较好的聚集效果;底栖动物增殖放流显著增加了放流物种的丰度、生物量及保护区底栖动物群落生物量,增殖放流效果评价为中等。该自然保护区水域生态修复效果明显,为工程施工影响下水生生物保护区生态修复提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Beaver dams,streamflow complexity,and the distribution of a rare minnow,Lepidomeda copei          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel C. Dauwalter  John D. Walrath 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2018,27(2):606-616

Freshwater fishes are threatened globally, and often too little is known about threatened species to effectively guide their conservation. Habitat complexity is linked to fish species diversity and persistence, and degraded streams often lack habitat complexity. Beaver Castor spp., in turn, have been used to restore streams and increase habitat complexity. The northern leatherside chub Lepidomeda copei is a rare, small‐bodied, drift‐feeding minnow that has anecdotally been observed to use complex habitats associated with beaver dams in the western United States. To investigate this anecdote, we conducted fish and habitat surveys, the latter focusing on quantifying habitat complexity, in a sub‐basin of the Upper Snake River Basin in the USA. Complementary generalised linear model and path analyses revealed that northern leatherside chub occurred more often at sites with complex streamflows, and streamflows were more complex when beaver dams were present and pools were deeper. Northern leatherside chubs were also more likely to occur when temperatures were warmer, aquatic macrophytes were abundant and stream channels were narrow and deep. The linkage between chubs, complex streamflows and beaver dams needs to be evaluated more broadly to completely understand its role in the rangewide status of the species. However, it does suggests that increased use of beaver reintroductions and dam analogues for stream restoration could be a boon for the northern leatherside chub, but such efforts should be monitored to determine their effectiveness to help adapt beaver‐based restoration approaches to best benefit the species.  相似文献   

Responses of plant community to the linkages in plant-soil C:N:P stoichiometry during secondary succession of abandoned farmlands,China     

LIU Weichao  FU Shuyue  YAN Shengji  REN Chengjie  WU Shaojun  DENG Jian  LI Boyong  HAN Xinhui  YANG Gaihe 《干旱区科学》2020,12(2):215-226

Succession is one of the central themes of ecology;however,the relationship between aboveground plant communities and underground soils during secondary succession remains unclear.In this study,we investigated the composition of plant community,plant-soil C:N:P stoichiometry and their relationships during secondary succession after the abandonment of farmlands for 0,10,20,30,40 and 50 a in China,2016.Results showed that the composition of plant communities was most diverse in the farmlands after secondary succession for 20 and 50 a.Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents slightly decreased after secondary succession for 30 a,but both were significantly higher than those of control farmland(31.21%-139.10%and 24.24%-121.21%,respectively).Moreover,C:N ratios of soil and microbe greatly contributed to the changes in plant community composition during secondary succession of abandoned farmlands,explaining 35.70%of the total variation.Particularly,soil C:N ratio was significantly and positively related with the Shannon-Wiener index.This study provides the evidence of synchronous evolution between plant community and soil during secondary succession and C:N ratio is an important linkage between them.  相似文献   

基于landsat8的贵州省2015年农业干旱监测研究     

夏传花  贺中华  梁虹  安全  任荣仪 《现代农业科技》2020,(10)

在全球气候变暖背景下,干旱普遍发生,而农业干旱对国民经济发展的影响尤为明显,同时农业干旱还威胁着国家的粮食安全和生态安全。基于贵州省2015年不同季节的landsat8 OIL遥感数据,利用影像数据所获取的植被覆盖指数和地表温度数据,拟合植被指数(NDVI)和地表温度(LST)的特征空间,设计得到贵州省2015年春、夏、秋、冬四个不同季节的不同的土壤湿度,将TVDI作为监测农业干旱状况的指标,得到贵州省2015年的农业干旱时空分布图。结果表明,土壤含水率的高低与植被覆盖和地表温度有关,且TVDI更适宜中等植被覆盖的土壤湿度反演。贵州省2015年全年旱情较缓,各地区均不存在春旱或伏旱,只有冬季绝大部分地区土壤含水率较低,更有力地促进了农业干旱的发生。因此,对农业干旱的监测研究为贵州省农业干旱的监测管理提供有力依据,为今后减少农业干旱的影响和进一步促进农业社会经济可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

松嫩平原不同演替阶段植物群落和土壤特性的关系   总被引：69，自引：11，他引：58  

曲国辉  郭继勋 《草业学报》2003,12(1):18-22

探讨了松嫩草原植物群落演替与土壤化学性质与土壤肥力的关系。结果表明：不同演替群落阶段，其土壤的化学性质和肥力存在一定差异，由于土壤化学性质不同，使群落镶嵌分布，组成植被的复合体。随着植被的退化演替，群落的盖度，高度下降，种类组成趋于简单化，生物量减少，土壤盐碱化程度加重，土壤肥力下降，出现次生盐碱植物群落，群落的生物量与土壤值，含盐量，碱化度呈负相关，与土壤腐殖质和全氮含量呈正相关。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地北缘植被生活型组成的分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

潘晓玲  无 《干旱区研究》1989,6(4):28-33

塔里木盆地北缘地区共记录野生植物123种,在其生活型组成中,地面芽植物居首位,达35.6%,次为一年生植物占22.7%,表现本区植被具有温带荒漠的特殊属性。塔里木盆地为我国最干旱的内陆盆地。这一区域的环境及生物群的特点曾引起有关学者的广泛兴趣。上世纪末至本世纪初,普热瓦尔斯基、别夫佐夫、罗布拉夫斯基等曾先后在新疆进行考察,斯文赫定和斯坦因曾对胡杨作过描述,谢彬曾论及胡杨的分布。1957至1958年间,中国科学院新疆综考队对塔里木盆地的环境和植被进行了大量的工作。此后  相似文献   

高等级公路植被护坡工程技术发展初探   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

丁国建  蔡茂来 《浙江林业科技》2004,24(4):63-66,73

依据恢复生态学原理,在探讨植被护坡技术现状的基础上,对高等级公路植被护坡工程技术中的生物治理和工程治理进行分析,提出了植被护坡工程设计原则、技术发展趋势和建议.  相似文献   

西北干旱区生态环境建设支撑体系的构建   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6  

钱鞠  王根绪  马金辉  高前兆 《干旱地区农业研究》2003,21(1):102-107,138

西北干旱区的自然环境脆弱性叠加不合理的水土资源开发等人类活动干扰是导致区域生态环境日趋恶化的根本原因,已严重制约社会经济的可持续发展。针对当前生态环境建设实际,提出应在实现水资源可持续利用、建立完善的管理体制及法律体系、调整产业结构、积极推进城镇化进程、大力发展科技教育等方面采取有力措施。以此为重要支撑,恢复与重建受损生态系统,改善区域生态环境,实现环境与经济社会协调发展。  相似文献   

论西部大开发中张掖市生态环境建设问题   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

冉永军  丁丽萍  李庆会  郭宝琴  蔡建英 《干旱地区农业研究》2003,21(2):159-162

张掖市长期受干旱、大风及沙尘暴影响,生态环境极为恶劣,制约着西部大开发建设进程。其存在的重要问题是:水资源匮乏,植被破坏严重,覆盖率低等;针对具体情况提出:改善水资源条件和恢复植被是张掖地区生态环境建设的重点。  相似文献   

菌根与植被恢复   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

林晓民  李振岐  韩德俊  侯军 《干旱地区农业研究》2003,21(2):167-170

菌根不仅可促进植物的营养吸收、生长发育、抗病、抗逆,而且在保持良好的土壤结构、控制水土流失方面具有直接的作用。在我国西北许多地区,菌根菌与植物间的共生关系已被中断,要恢复该地区的植被,治本的方法应是重建植物与菌根菌的共生关系,形成健康的生态系统。文中还提出了菌根技术在植被恢复中的应用策略。  相似文献