Persistence and performance of esfenvalerate residues on broccoli     

Antonious GF 《Pest management science》2002,58(1):85-91

The efficacy of esfenvalerate (84 g litre-1 EC; Asana XL) at 7.0 g AI ha-1 on broccoli was tested against the flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae Goeze (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) and the imported cabbage worm, Pieris rapae L (Pieridae: Lepidoptera) under field conditions. Insect populations were monitored before and after treatment. Periodic sweep-net collections and examination of the leaves in treated and untreated broccoli plots revealed mean reductions of P cruciferae levels of nearly 98% 1 week post-application compared with untreated plots. The residual toxicity of esfenvalerate was also effective for 2 weeks in reducing population density of P rapae by 69% on broccoli leaves. The impact of esfenvalerate on feeding damage to broccoli leaves was established by counting the number of feeding holes made by P cruciferae on spring broccoli and P rapae on fall broccoli. As the leaf area ingested increased, a linear relationship was seen between the number of holes and number of insects. Results indicated that forage destruction by the two pests was significantly reduced by esfenvalerate application. Esfenvalerate was extracted from broccoli at 1 h and 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days post-application for residue analysis. Residues on spring broccoli were 12.2, 5.2 and 2.9 micrograms cm-2 on the leaves and 0.13, 0.05 and 0.02 microgram g-1 on the heads at 1 h, 1 and 3 days, respectively. Only trace levels (0.001 microgram g-1) were detected in/on the heads 14 days after spraying. On the basis of half-life (T1/2) values, persistence of esfenvalerate on spring broccoli leaves (T1/2 = 1 day) was shorter than on fall broccoli (T1/2 = 1.6 days). T1/2 values were 2.1 and 3.6 days on spring and fall broccoli heads, respectively. The implications of these residue levels on re-entry times into treated fields are discussed.  相似文献   

Induction of an alloplasmic male-sterile Brassica oleracea by substituting cytoplasm from ‘Early Scarlet Globe’ radish (Raphanus sativus)     

Gilbert D. McCollum 《Euphytica》1981,30(3):855-859

Summary Alloplasmic male-sterile Brassica oleracea L. was synthesized in a backcrossing program through amphidiploid Raphanobrassica by using Early Scarlet Globe radish (Raphanus sativus L.) as the donor of cytoplasm and B. oleracea broccoli and cabbage as recurrent pollen parents. Persistence of radish chromosomes and high female sterility were encountered in the first four backcrosses. Following use of colchiploid 4x broccoli as pollen parent, a BC₅ plant was obtained that had 2n=3x+1=28 chromosomes, improved seed set, and no radish traits. The BC₆ with recurrent 2x broccoli contained male-sterile plants with 2n=18 or 19 chromosomes, increased seed set, and broccoli morphology. Subsequent generations segregated for male-sterile and restored male-fertile plants, some with variable development of stamens and pollen. Leaf color of the alloplasmic plants, especially seedlings, was lighter green than normal.  相似文献   

Transfer of resistance to race 2 of Plasmodiophora brassicae from Brassica napus to cabbage (B. Oleracea spp. Capitata). IV. A resistant 18-chromosome B1 plant and its B2 progenies     

B. Y. Chiang  M. S. Chiang  W. F. Grant  R. Crete 《Euphytica》1980,29(1):47-55

Summary The somatic karyotype and meiotic chromosome behavior were studied in an 18-chromosome B₁ plant derived from backcrossing a triploid (Brassica napus x B. oleracea ssp. capitata) F₁ hybrid to cabbage. It is considered that cabbage chromosomes no. 1 and no. 7 were substituted by two shorter B. napus chromosomes. Meiotic disturbances were more apparent during the late stages of second division. Seed fertility of this plant was largely restored in the second backcrosses with both cabbage and broccoli. 18-chromosome B₂ plants resistant to race 2 of Plasmodiophora brassicae were recovered among the progenies.Contribution no. J. 725 from the Research Station, Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, St-Jean, Québec J3B 6Z8.  相似文献   

青花菜主要矿质营养特性的研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

关佩聪  胡肖珍 《华南农业大学学报》1996,17(1):72-77

以青花菜南方慧星品种为材料，分３个播期，研究了青花菜生育过程对氮，磷，钾，钙和镁等矿质养分的和分布动态，结果表明，青花菜对氮，磷，钾的吸收，以氮最多，钾次之，磷量少，其吸收比例因生长期而不同，植株和各个器官的氮，磷，钾，钙和镁含量随生育过程逐渐降低，吸收量则逐步增加，其中花球分化发育期间吸收量占吸收量的７５％至８０％，花球分化发育前，大部分的主要矿质养分分布在茎叶，花球分化发育后逐渐减少，而分布在  相似文献   

赤霉素处理对青花菜产量和花球品质的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李丹  蒋欣梅  王凤娇  于锡宏 《东北农业大学学报》2008,39(8)

以"清风103"和"绿秀"两品种的青花菜为试材,采用25、50、100 mg·L-1的赤霉素喷施青花菜幼苗,研究不同浓度赤霉素对青花菜产量和品质影响。结果表明,50 mg·L-1浓度处理效果显著,100 mg·L-1处理显著降低青花菜的产量、花球紧实度及品质。  相似文献   

不同种植密度对青花菜植物学性状及产量的影响     

鲍锐  钟利  龚亚菊  黎志彬  梁明泰 《中国园艺文摘》2011,27(4):27-28

调查不同种植密度对青花菜植物学性状及产量的影响,探寻适宜青花菜生长的合理密度,以达到增产的目的。  相似文献   

基质中添加西兰花残体对大丽轮枝菌GFP标记菌株在棉花体内扩展的影响     

王亚娇  赵卫松  陈丹  纪莉景  李社增  孔令晓  马平 《植物病理学报》1955,50(1):89-96

 由大丽轮枝菌引起的棉花黄萎病是一种难以防治的土传病害,西兰花残体还对其有一定的防治作用,防效为62.82%。为解析西兰花残体对棉花黄萎病的防治机制,本研究通过土壤杆菌转化的方法构建了大丽轮枝菌的绿色荧光标记菌株,采用共聚焦显微镜观察标记菌株在添加西兰花残体营养基质中和空白对照营养基质种植的棉花体内的侵染和扩展情况。结果表明构建的标记菌株gfp-wx-1与野生菌株wx-1的生物学特性无显著性差异。同时发现大丽轮枝菌在添加西兰花残体营养基质中棉花体内扩展较慢,具体表现为:在空白营养基质种植的棉花体内,大丽轮枝菌在接种第2 d时就可侵染根尖表层及根内部,第3 d到达茎部维管束,第5 d叶片可观察到少量病原菌,第7 d第一片子叶呈现大量病原菌,后期迅速扩展,叶片出现黄萎病斑;而在营养基质中添加西兰花残体种植的棉花体内,大丽轮枝菌在接种第2 d时就可侵染根尖表层,第3 d侵染根尖内部,第5 d侵染茎部维管束,直到第7 d第一片子叶才出现少量病原菌,后期扩展慢,叶片病斑较少。本研究通过荧光定量PCR方法检测了大丽轮枝菌在两个处理棉花根部定殖情况,结果表明西兰花残体能够显著降低大丽轮枝菌在棉花根部定殖的量。该研究初步明确了西兰花残体对棉花黄萎病的防治机制,为棉花黄萎病的绿色防治提供了一条新的途径。  相似文献   

青花菜新品种瑞绿6号的选育     

戴忠良  秦文斌  潘永飞  姚悦梅  王建华  孙春青 《江西农业学报》2012,(8):63-64

瑞绿6号是以两个稳定的自交不亲和系02-1-3-4-2-2和03-6-4配制而成的青花菜杂交一代新品种。该品种生长势强、抗病性强,全生育期110～120 d,单球重0.62 kg左右,花球圆整、绿色、品质优良、商品性好,适合在长江中下游地区秋冬季栽培。  相似文献   

外源ABA对低温胁迫下青花菜植株生长及若干生理特性的影响     

张琳  赵晓嫚  任君  谢姣  张蜀宁  李英 《福建农业学报》2012,27(3):267-272

对低温胁迫下不同品种青花菜生长情况及SOD和POD酶活性进行分析,并以‘翠绿’品种为试材,研究外源ABA对植株低温胁迫的缓解作用.结果表明:(1)低温胁迫抑制株高、茎粗的增长,SOD、POD活性及可溶性糖含量显著降低;不同品种对低温胁迫的响应不同,‘翠绿’、‘蔓陀绿’品种受低温胁迫的影响较大,‘优秀,、‘DICICCO' (AU)品种受低温胁迫的影响较小.(2) 100mg· L-1脱落酸(ABA)处理对提高‘翠绿’的株高、茎粗效果显著; 50、100、150 mg·L-1 ABA处理的植株SOD、POD活性均显著高于对照(0mg·L-1ABA),其中,100 mg·L-1 ABA对SOD、POD活性的提高效果最为显著.(3)外源ABA可显著提高‘翠绿’植株可溶性糖含量,在低温处理15 d并恢复处理15 d后,50、100、150 mg· L-1 ABA处理的可溶性糖含量均显著高于对照并保持在较高水平.  相似文献   

青花菜新品种‘台绿1号’   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

何道根  何贤彪  陈银龙  张志仙  邵伟强 《园艺学报》2012,39(7):1415-1416

‘台绿1号’是分别以日本青花菜品种‘绿雄90’和‘Br60’为原始材料经连续多代自交选育的自交不亲和系‘B19-10-1-2-1’和‘Br60-2-2-1-2’为母本和父本杂交育成的青花菜新品种。生长势较强,植株半直立,叶片长椭圆形,叶色深绿,蜡粉中等。花球紧实,高圆形且圆整,蕾粒中细,单球质量0.76kg,产量约23000kg.hm-2。中晚熟,从定植到采收约95d,保鲜和速冻加工兼用。适合长江流域秋、冬季栽培。。  相似文献